Flashcards in Ophtalmology Deck (88):
1
middle aaged man who has to hold books at an arm legnth to read DX
presbyopia
2
physiopatho of presbyopia
lens elasticity problem
3
Quid of stye
acute small swelling along the margin of upper eyelid
4
bug causing stye
sta[hyolococcal abcess of the eyelid
5
first line rx of stye or hordeolum
warm compress
6
if failure after 48 h of Rx with warm compress for stye next step(2)
incision
drainage
7
visual loss with sensation of a curtain falling down
amaurosis fugax
8
cause of amaurosis fugax
retinal artery emboli(atherosclerosis)
9
clue for retinal artery emboli
zone of whitened edematous retina following distribution of retinal arterioles
10
clue primary open glaucoma(2)
cupping of the optic disc
constricted peripheral vision
11
rx of primary open glaucoma
timolol
laser trabeculoplasty
12
failure with laser trabeculoplasty in primary open glaucoma
surgical trabeculotomy
13
conditions predisposing to subconjonctival hemorrage(4)
rubbing eyes vigorously
coughing spell
HTA
coagulopathy
14
patient with grippe develops dischrage in the eye dx
viral conjonctivitis
15
rx of viral conjonctivitis(2)
cold and moist compresses
or antihistaminic
16
purulent discharge in eyes
bacterial conjonctivitis
17
bug involved in viral conjunctivitis
adenovirus
18
rx of bacterial conjuntivitis in lens wearer
quinolones
19
patietn with hyperosmolar hyperglycemia develops loss of vision why(2)
hyperosmolarity causes intraaccular hypotension
myopic increase in lens thickness
20
hiv patient with painfull loss of vision
HSV retinitis
21
painless keratinitis and retinitis in HIV patient bug in cause
CMV
22
sudden loss of vision with dilated pupil , painfull
acute angle closure glaucoma
23
rx of acute angle closure glaucoma
acetazolamide
24
definitive rx of acute angle closure glaucoma
laser peripheral iridotomy
25
lens wearer with red eyes bug en cause(2)
pseudomonas
serratia
26
quid of conjounctivitis in lens wearer(3)
medical emergency
remove lens
topical antibio
27
med used to reduce intraoccular pressure in glaucoma(4)
mannitol
acetazolamide
timolol
pilocarpine
28
what drug should not be used in glaucoma
atropine
29
why atropine should not be used in glaucoma(3)
its a mydriatic
pupil is in mydriasis during acute glaucoma
can worsen glaucoma
30
sudden loss of vision with floating debris on ophtalmoscopy
vitreous hemorrage
31
clue for vitreous hemorrage
fundus difficult to visualize
32
female with multiple neurologic presentation that interspaced between time periods and eye problem
Multiple sclerosis
33
eye problem in MS
optic neuritis
34
diabetic with decreased of vision acuity next step
ophtalmoscopy
35
ophtalmoscopy in diabetic patient(3)
simple retinopathy
proliferative retinopathy
proliferative and malignant retinopathy
36
stage 1 retinopathy in diabetics(3)
microaneurism
hemorrages
exsudates and retinal edema
37
stage 2 retinopathy in diabetics
cotton wool spots
38
stage 3 retinopathy in diabetics
newly form vessels
39
how to prevent complication in diabetic retinopathy
argon laser photocoagulation
40
sensation of curtain coming down in front of eyes what to check?
retine
41
clue for retinal detachment
flashes of light (photopsia)
floaters
42
quid of photopsia
flashes of light
43
quid of floaters
spots in the visual field
44
layers of retina(3)
choroid
neurosensory retina
retinal pigment epithelium
45
clue for dacryocystitis
press the medial canthus pus is seen
46
bacteria causing dacryocystitis(2)
staph aureus
B hemolytic strep
47
loss of central vision in patient > 50 ans dx
macular degeneration
48
how's navigationnal vision in macular degeneration
it's not affected
49
clue optic neuritis(3)
colors are washed out
pain with one eye movement
central scotoma
50
disease associated with clue optic neuritis
MS
51
hiv patient develops yellow white pathes of retinal opacification and hemorrages ,no pain low cd4 dx
retinitis a CMV
52
next step in intra occular foreign body(3)
fluorescein test
and wood lamp examination
or slit lamp
53
patient with watering red eyes vesicles and dendritic ulcer on cornea dx
keratite herpetic
54
clue varicella zoster in eye(2)
ocular sign plus
periorbital vesicles
55
clue for central vein occlusion in fundoscopy(5)
on fundoscopy
blood and thunder appearance
optic disk swelling
retinal hemerrage
dilated veins
cotton wool spots
56
clue for central artery occlusion in fundoscopy(3)
painless loss of vision
pallor of the optic disk
cherry red fovea
box car segmentation of blood in the retinal veins
57
loss of vision in central vein occlusion
painful
58
loss of vision in central artery occlusion
painless
59
risk factor for central vein thrombosis(4)
coagulopathy
hyperviscosity
chronic gluacoma
atherosclerotic risk factor
60
clue for herpes zoster infection in eye(2)
trigeminal distribution rash
plus
occular involvement
61
quid of sympathetic ophtalmia
damage of one eye after penetrating injury of the other eye
62
cause of sympathetic ophtalmia
uncovering of hiddens antigens(recognition)
63
clue for macular degeneration
distorsion of straight lines such that they appear wavy
64
risk factor for macular degeneration(2)
age
smoking
65
test for macular degeneration
grid test
66
first cause f blindness in industrialised country
macular degeneration
67
management of central retinal vein occlusion
occular massage and huigh flow o2
68
anatomy of carotid int(2)
artere ophtalmic------artere ciliare
-------- central artere retinienne
69
role of central retinal artery
supply inner retina
70
role of ciliary branches(2)
supply choroid
ant portion of the globe
71
patient develops swollen eyelids ,edematous conjonctiva and exsudates in the ant chamber after surgery for cataract
post op endophtalmitis
72
most common form of endophtalmis
post op endophtalmitis
73
patient with history of asthma and allergy develops itching of eyes
allergic conjonctivitis
74
patient with cafe au lait spot develops decrease in vision exophtalmos(2)
optic glioma
neurofibromatosis type 1
75
quid of cataract
lens opacification
76
rx of cataract(3)
phacoemulsification
intracapsular cataract extraction
extracapsular cataract extraction
77
why you have vision impairement in keratoconjunctivitis
corneal involvement
78
clue for retinal emboli
it's like a curtain falling down
79
patient with glucose in urine develops blurred vision ,why?
it's a diabetic with hyperosmolar state
80
keratitis with VZV and HSV
Painfull
81
painless retinitis not associated with keratitis orconjunctivitis
CMV retinitis
82
clue CMV on fundoscopy(2)
hemorrages
fluffy or granular lesions around the retinal vessels
83
risk factor for vitreous hemorrage
diabetic retinopathy
84
2 types of presentation of glaucoma
primary open angle glaucoma
acute angle closure glaucoma
85
primary open angle glaucoma(2)
gradual loss of peripheral vision
over years tunnel vision
86
influenza in USMLE(3)
rhinorrhea
mild sore throat
fever
87
acute angle closure glaucome clue(5)
eye pain in
dark space
stress
after taking drug
while fixing light bulb
88