Pediatrics Flashcards
meningite and refractaire hypotension
waterhouse fredrichsen syndrome
hemiplegia in chidren after having seizures
Todd paralysis
4 forms of tetanos(2)
generalisee
localisee
cephalic
Neonatale
dx differentiel of Lytic lesion on bone puls hypercalcemia(4)
osteomyelitis
endocrine
neoplastic
idiopathic
clue for lytic lesion induced by osteomyelitis
brodie abcess
endocrine cause of lytic bone lesion(2)
hyperparathyroidie
osteoid fibrosa cystica
Neoplastic cause of bone lytic lesion(3)
erwing sarcoma
Langerhans hystiocystosis
Metastases
quid of cephalhematoma
hemmoragie sous periostee
clue for cephalhematoma
it doesn’t cross suture
limited to one cranial bone
clue caput succedaneum
it crosses suture
most common cause of functional asplenism in children
sickle cell disease
cause of sepsis in asplenia
encapsulated bugs
most common bug causing sepsis in asplenia
s pneumoniae
cyanosis in infant first 24 hours of life
transposition of great vessels
quid of transposition of great vessel
aorta in ventricule droit
artere pulmonaire in ventricule gauche
what to suspect in child with reccurrent sinopulmonary infection
cystic fibrosis
gold standard dx test for cystic fibrosis
sweat test for Na et CL-
consequence of cow milk consumption in infant
iron deficiency anemia
cyanosis in children less than 4 years
Fallot
tetralogie de Fallot(4)
overriding Aorta
VSD
Subpulmonary stenosis
right ventricular hypertrophy
Clue for PDA and VSD
no cyanosis
Prader willi syndrome(3)
binge eating
hypotonia
obesity
genetics of prader willi
paternal genetics deletion
15q11-q13
genetics problem in cat cry syndrome
5p deletion
genetics problem in angelman
15q11-q13
genetics in beckwith wiedman
11p15
clue for bweckwith
macroglossie
clue megaoblastic anemia
hypersegmentation of the nucleus of neutrophils and other blodd cells
most common cause of congenital hypothyroidism in the US
thyroid dysgenesis
quid of thyroid dysgenesis(3)
ectopie
aplasie
hypoplasia
Disease with Howell jolly bodies
sickle cell disease
Meaning of howell jolly bodies and why
no spleen
spleen normally removes nuclear rmnants of red blood cells
bite cells or heinz bodies(2)
G6PD deficiency
Thalassemia
Helmet cells(3)
DIC
HUS
TTP
cause of helmet cells
traumatic hemolysis
other finding in traumatic hemolysis
schistocytes
casue of basophilic stippling(2)
thalassemia
lead poisonning
quid diamond blackfan anemia(2)
macrocytic anemia
congenital malformation in baby
Mc cune albright syndrome(4) 3 P
femme
Puberte precoce
pigmentation
polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
what will happen in polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
fracture a repetition
casue of stroke in children(4)
internal carotid dissection
AF
homocystinuria
Todd paralysis
clue for homocystinuria(4)
Marfan’s features
thromboembolic event
downward dislocation of the lens
mental retardation
clue for marfans features(3)
long emaciated arms and legs
arachnodactily
hyperlaxity of the skin and joints
cause of homocystinuria
deficiency in cystathione synthetase
Dx test for homocystinuria(2)
high methionine
high homocysteine
Rx of homocystinuria
B6
failure of B6 in rx of homocystinuria
cysteine
quid of leucocoria in USMLE
white eye reflex
cause of leucocoria in kid
retinoblastoma until proven the contrary
occlusion in first 24 hr in infant(2)
hirsprung
meconium ileus
cause of meconium ileus
cystic fibrosis
cause of intestinal occlusion from 24 h to 1 month
volvulus of midgut
cause of intestinal occlusion > 1 month of age
stenose pylorique
cause of cyanosis from 24 h to 4 ans
tetralogy de Fallot
cause of osteogenesis imperfecta
deficiency in type 1 collagen synthesis
congenital disease with coarctation of aorta
turner syndrome
complication of congenital adrenal hyperplasia
puberte precoce
enzyme deficiency in congenital adrenal hyperplasia
21 hydroxylase(CYP21A2)
baby with cyanosis during feeding and relieved by crying
choanal atresia
Dx of choanal atresia(2)
tube nasal
ct scan
Dx test for hereditary spherocytosis
osmotic fragility study
when to perform coombs test
autoimmune hemolytic anemia
most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children
minimal change disease
next step when dx nephrotic syndrome in adult
biopsy renale
calculate APGAR score
A:appearance P:pulse G:grimace A:activity R:respiration
Monitoring Appearance in APGAR(3)
blue=0
blue pink=1
pink=2
Monitoring pulse in APGAR(3)
absent=0
,100=2
Monitoring grimace in APGAR(3)
absent=0
grimace,whimper=1
cough/cry=2
Monitoring activity in APGAR(3)
limp=0
flexion=1
spontaneous active=2
Monitoring respiration in APGAR(3)
absent =0
slow irregular=1
regular=2
Normal APGAR
7-9
abnormal APGAR
patient with delayed separation of umbilical cord more than 30 days
leucocytes adhesion defect type 1
clue for leucocytes adhesion defect type 1
CD18 expression deficiency
risk in in baby whom mother taking cocaine during pregnancy
jejunal atresia
xray abdomen in jejunal atresia(2)
tripple bubble sign
gasless colon
xray showing double bubble sign
duodenal atresia
abdomen xray in hirsprung
dilated loops of bowel
how to diffenrenciate microcytic anemia caused by iron deficiency from thalassemia
RDW
Clue for Iron deficiency anemia using RDW
RDW>20 %
Normal RDW with microcytic anemia
thalassemia
cause arthropathy in hemophilic patient(2)
deposit of hemosiderrin
fibrosis
hemophilic patient cause
deficiency in factor 8
et
9
children between 4-10 with hip pain(2)
Legg calve Perthes disease
avascular necrosis of femoral head
Quid of measles
rubeola
rougeole en francais
quid of koplik spots
bluish white lesions on buccal mucous membranes next to first and second molars
gender in Mc cune albright syndrome
femme
pigmentation in Mc cune Albright syndrome
cafe au lait spot
gender in Lesh Nyhan syndrome
Male
clue for Lesh Nyhan Syndrome(3)
Male
dystonia
self mutilation
Gout in male children
Lesh Nyhan Syndrome
physiopatho in Lesh Nyhan Syndrome
hypoxanthine guanine phophoribosyl transferase
black stool in children
Meckel Diverticulum
difference between congenital adrenal hyperplasia and hyperandrogenism
virilization in women
Quid of macrosomia
> 4 kg
risk in macrosomia
clavicular fracture
how to recognize fetal alcoholic syndrome(3)
small palpebral fissures
absence philtrum
thin upper lip border= thin vermillon border
Quid of Edward’s syndrome(5)
micrognatia microcephaly absent palmar creases rocker bottom feet overlapping fingers
heart complication of Edward’s syndrome
VSD
chromosome problem in Edward syndrome
trisomy 18
election age
Heart problem in trisomy 21
ASD
Heart problem in william’s syndrome
supravalvular aortic stenosis
Heart problem in congenital rubella
PDA
young kid with stomatitis and cheilitis sore throat andscaly pathes on eyebrows cheek and nose and photophobia dx?
ariboflavinose
cause ariboflvinose in the US(3)
Anorexia nervosa
Malabsorption syndrome
Inborn defect in B2 synthesis
pain articulation in young kid(3)
Legg calve
transient synovitis
hemophilic arthropathy
infant with stridor acute respiratory distress toxic appearrance and fever first dx to think
epiglotitis
first step in epiglotitis
intubation
what to avoid in epiglotitis
never try to watch the epiglotte
Bloody diarrhea plus IR plus low platelet
HUS
cause of HUS in children
E coli 0157h7
how E coli causes HUS
by producing verotoxin
young kid with scrotal pain ,purpura and arthralgia
Henoch shonlein purpura
complication of Henoch shonlein purpura
intussiception ileoileale
age to have henock shonlein purpura
seizure in afebrile children with wide qrs complex dry oral mucosa and dilated pupils and hypotension
TCA intoxication to rule out
Rx of TCA intoxication
sodium bicarbonate
action of Hydroxyurea
Increase HB F
importance of hydroxyurea in sickle cell disease
prevention of painful crisis
clue for cystic fibrosis(2)
diarrhea
probleme respiratoire a repetition
breastfeeding contraindication(9)
herpes mammaire HIV TB varicella drug alcohol fetal galactosemia chemotherapy radiation
for TB when the mother can be allowed to breastfeed
2 weeks after debut of treatment
patient with blue eye and susceptibility to fracture
osteogenesis imperfecta
quid opalescent teeth
yellow teeth
disease with opalescent teeth
osteogenesis imperfecta
red eyes in children in the first 24 h(2)
iatrogenic
nitrate d’argent
red eyes in children in 2-5 days of birth
gonoccoque
rx of conjunctivitis caused by gonoccoque
ceftriaxone
red eyes in children 5- 24 jours of birth
chlamydia
rx for conjuctivitis induced by chlamidya
oral erythromycin
finding in severe combined immunodeficiency
low Lympho B and T
cause of post vermis syndrome(2)
medulloblastoma
astrocytoma
clue for scarlet fever(2)
sore throat
sand paper like appearrance
clue for 21 hydroxylase in children(newborn)(4)
high K+
low TA
Low NA+
high 17 hydroxyprogesterone
clue for 11 B hydroxylase
high 11 deoxycortocosterone
HTA
cause of HTA in 11 B hydroxylase
HTA
cause of HTA in 17 alpha hydroxylase
high corticosterone
substance produced by adrenal cortex
G,F,R
Aldoesterone=G
fascicule=F
reticule=androgen
clue for duchenne muscular dystrophy(2)
weakness in children before 5
wheelchair bound before 5
clue for Becker muscular dystrophy
weakness in children after 5
strawberry tongue in USMLE
kawasaki
clue for Kawasaki(5)
Fever adenopathy extremities swelling red eyes skin erythema
syndrome coronarien in kid
kawasaki
rx of kawasaki(2)
aspirin and
immunoglobulin
genotype of turner
45 XO
gendre in turner
woman
complication of turner(2)
osteoprosis
coarctation of aorta
physiopatho in Marfan syndrome
mutation of the fibrillin -1 gene
vascular problem in Marfan
aortic root dilation
eye problem in marfan
upward dislocation of the lens
children with unsteady gait ,and myocarditis
friedrich ataxia
cause of T wave inversion(5)
MI Myocarditis Pericarditis digoxin toxicity Myocardial contusion
EKG in friedrich ataxia
T wave inversion
CAT in club foot
treat immediately
clue hyper IGM syndrome(2)
Low neutophils
high IGM
low IGA and IGG
sinopulmonary infections and PCP pneumonia
Bruton’s agammaglobulinemia
Low IG M
Low IG G
Low IG A
finding in chronic pyelonephritis in children
focal parenchymal scarring and blunted calices
bugs in otite moyenne(3)
strep pneumo # 1
non typable H flu # 2
Moraxella catharalis # 3
consequence of vit D deficiency in children
rickets
epidemiology for rickets
black children
clue for Neuroblastoma in children(2)
high homovanillic acid
vanylilmandelic acid in urine
origin of neuroblastoma
neural crest cells
origin tumor de wills
metanephros
renal tumor in children(2)
neuroblastoma
tumor de wilms
murmeur in tetralogy of Fallot
squatting increases murmur
cardiac problem in Down syndrome(3)
endocardial cushion defect #1 or complete atrioventricular canal
VSD
ASD
clue for cyclic vomiting in children(2)
any cause can be found
history of migraine in the family
bug in rheumatic fever
strep group A
cause of NEC in baby
formula use
abdomen xray in NEC
pneumatosis intestinalis
quid of pneumatosis intestinalis
intramural air with dilated loops pof bowel
rx of prematurity anemia
fer
Lab for prematurity anemia(5)
mormochromic normocytic anemia low reticulocytes total normal bilirubin level
vasoocclusive manif in hand in sickle cell disease(2)
dactilytis
hand foot syndrome
early manif of vasooclusive crisis in SCD(2)
dactilytis
hand foot syndrome
quid of gastrochisis
no peritoneum covers the intestines
quid omphalocele
ombilic ring herniation covered by peritoneum
most common bugs causing pneumonia in cystic fibrosis(4)
Hi flu # 2
pseudomonas # 1
staph aureus # 4
strep pneumo #3
gram positive diplococci
strep pneumo
gram positive cooci in clusters
staph
gram negativ cocci
neisseria
gram positive rods
Lysteria monocytogenes
gram negative rods(4)
Pseudomonas
Hi flu
Klebsiella
legionella
cause # 1 of bronchiolitis
VSR
risk future in bronchiolitis
asthma
risk in use of erythromycin in baby
hypertrophis pyloric stenosis
clue for Kartagena syndrome(3)
situs inversus
reccurrent sinusitis
bronchiectasis
risk for patient having received inactivated vaccine in 1960
can develop atypical measles
gold standard test for Duchenne muscular dystrophy
genetic studies
number one cause of sepsis in sickle cell disease
Pneumococcus
important thing to do in premature baby
iron till 1 year old
consequence of cow milk consumption
anemia
red blood cells in intrauterine growth restriction
polycythemia
clue for congenital foot deformity
adduction of the foot
Rx for congenital foot deformity(2)
reassurrance
no cast
cardiac problem in congenital rubella(2)
PDA
ASD
clue for turner (3)
feme naine
coarctation of aorta
Miley cyrus concert
cardiac problem in Edward
VSD
bugs causing infection in chronic granulomatosis disease
catalase positive organism
quid of catalase positive organism(5)
SPACE S:STAPH AUREUS P:PSEUDOMANAS A:SPERGILUS CANDIDA ENTEROBACTERIACEA
quid of enterobacteriacae
klebsiella
…..
other name of laryngotracheobronchitis
croup
indication of epinephrine in respiratory problem(2)
croup
asthma
rx of in infection caused by pseudomonas in cystic fibrosis(2)
ceftazidine + gentamycine
or
ticarcilin + gentamycin
rx of CGD
gamma interferon
quid of henoch shonlein purpura
IGA vasculitis
how to prevent sudden infant death syndrome
supine position while sleeping
meaning of non pitting edema
lymphatic problem
why people with turner has edema in feet
lymphedema
kidney appearance in turner
horse shoe kidney
disease with webbed neck
turner syndrome
meaning of barking cough
croup
cause of barking cough
parainfluenza type 1
risk during delivery of macrosomia(3)
clavicle fracture
brachial plexus injury
perinatal asphyxia
intestinal malformation associated with chromosomal abnormality
dudenal atresia
risk in premature infant
intraventricular hemorrage
what disease you can perform gutry test
phenylketonuria
cause of avascular necrosis in children(3)
sickle cell disease
corticosteroid
alcoholism
immune thrombocytopenia and viral infection
corticosteroid
immune throbocytopenia and viral infection platelet 30 000
observation
dx digeorge syndrome(5)CATCH
conotruncal cardiac defects abnormal facies thymic aplasia cleft palate hypocalcemia
anomaly chromosomal in Digeorge
22q11,2
facies abnormaly in Digeorge(2)
low set ears
micrognatia
waiters tip attitude and erb duchenne palsy
atteinte C5 C6 C7
extended elbow
pronated forearm
flexed wrist and fingers
kid with failure to thrive and metabolic acidosis with normal anion gap,high urine PH 7,9 cause of failure to thrive
renal tubular acidosis
kid with giardiasis in fection a repetition
genetic b cell deficiency
physiopatho in nieman pick disease
sphingomyelinase deficiency
quid of adrenarche
axillary hair growth
quid of pubarche
pubic hair growth
clue for bruton’s agamma globulinemia(2)
low IGM IGG and IGA
Lymphocytes B absent
how’s temperature in neonatal sepsis(2)
high 30 C
low
jaundice in children cause(4)
breastmilk
breast feeding
sepsis
hematologic problem
peak in jaundice caused by breastmilk
2 weeks
complication of galactosemia(2)
E coli neonatal sepsis
cataract in newborn
enzyme deficiency in galactosemia
galactose 1 phosphate uridyl transferase
cause of cirrhosis in neonate
galactosemia
period of infantile colic
cause of alkali ingestion intox
liquid oven cleaner
management of alkali ingestion(4)
no charbon
no vinegar
no lavage gastrique
endoscopy
physiopatho od reye syndrome in aspirin ingestion in infant
hyperammonemia
advantage of breastfeeding in mother(7))
decreased the risk of breast cancer ovarian cancer more rapid uterine involution and post partum bleeding fastter return to prepartum weight improved maternal infant bonding imp[roved child spacing
advantage of breastfeeding in kid(5)
decreased risk of otite moyenne improve immunity prevention of respiratory illness decreased risk of NEC childhood cancer and type 1 diabetes prevent gastroenteritis
additionnal finding in atresia oesophagienne
tracheo esophageal fistula
clue for foreign body aspiration
wheezing in infant
best test in foreign body aspiration
bronchoscopy
enfant controle tete et cou a quel age
2 mois
controle du bassin(2)
4 mois
6 mois
pull to stand a quel age
9 mois
stand and marche a quel age
12 mois
can say papa mama
9 mois
language of baby in 12 months(3)
mama
papa
plus one word
fine motor development in baby a 2 mois
ferme les mains
fine motor development in baby a 4 mois
ouvre mains
fine motor development in baby a 6 mois
passe objet d’une main a une autre
fine motor development in baby a 9 mois
pince a 3 doigts
fine motor development in baby a 12 mois
pince a 2 doigts
skin rash and vasomotor collapse during meningoccemia cause of death in children
adrenal gland failure
meningoccemia and adrenal failure percentage of death
100%
hemiplegia in infant after seizures that usually improves within 24 hours
Todd paralysis
seizure description in infant in the USMLE
sudden loss of consciousness with following disorientationand slow gain of consciousness
importanse of todds paralysis
there ‘s a structural abnormality underlying the seizure
patient with spasms 14 yo and swollen and erythemastous ombilical cord dx
tetanus neonatal
major source of protein in milk
whey
advantage of human mlik
more easily absorbs
improves gastric emptying
evolution of cephalematoma
resorb spontaneously wuthin weeks to 3 months
clue for drinking cow milk in USMLE
whole milk
clue for tetralogy de fallot(2)
tet spell
cyanosis during tet
cause of tet spells
sudden spasm of the right ventricular outflow tract during exertion
murmur in Fallot
crescendo decrescendo systolic murmur over the left upper sternal border
complication of praderr willi syndrome(4)
sleep apnea
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
gastric distension and rupture
death by choking
howel jolly bodyes
nuclear remnant of red blood cell
congenital malformation in diamond blacfan diamond(4)
short stature
webbed neck
shieleded chest
triphalangeal thumbs
lens dislocation in marfan syndrome
upward
lens dislocation in homocystinuria
down ward
what to do devant leukocoria
refer to ophtalmologist
clue for midgut volvulus(3)
child less than 1 month with bilious vomiting
abdominal distension
passage of bloodstained stools
development of child of 2 years(3)
speak in 2 words
follow two steps command
two quarters of speech intelligible
development of child of 3 years(3)
use three word sentences
threequarters of speech intellible
ride tricycle
complicationin severe type 2 osteogenesis imperfecta(4)
death in utero
multiple intrauterine fracture
blue sclera
growth retardtion
patient with menigitidis requires urgent LP who must give consent for the procedure and why(2)
no consent is needed
it’s an emergency procedure
emergent act with no need of consent(2)
intubation for respiratory failure
LP
xray finding in coarctation of the aorta
rib notching
cause of rib nocthing in coarctzation of aorta in turner
dilatation of the collaterals between the hypertensive chest walls vessels
characteristics of coarctation of aorta(2)
hypertension in upper part of the body
hypoperfusion in the lower part of the body
why continuous murmur on chest in coarctation of aorta
development of collaterals betweenthe hypertensive and hypoperfused vessels
young boy with bitemoral hemianopsia,symptom of intracranial pressure calcified lesion above the sella dx
craniopharyngioma
MRI with cystic calcified parasellar lesion
craniopharyngioma
clue for congenital adrenal hyperplasia late onset(non classic)(4)
advanced bone age
coarse axillary and pubic hair
severe cystic acne
normal electrolytes
clue for peripheral precocious puberty(2)
low baseline levels of LH
no modification of LH after stimulation with a gonadotrophin releasing hormone agonist
clue for classic CAH(3)
neonatal period manifestation
adrenal insufficiency
ambiguous genitalia
hemolytic anemia characteristics(5)
mild to moderate anemia reticulocytosis unconjugated bilirubinemia low to absent serum haptoglobin high lactate dehydrogenase
first step in children with meningitidis(2)
LP
followed by ceftriaxone plus vancomycine
when using imaging prior to LP(3)
focal neurologic finding
coma
history of neurosurgical surgery
local impetigo characteristics
vesiculopustular lesions golden yellow and encrusted
rx of impetigo
topical mupirocin
spherocytose hereditaire in new born(3)
hemolytic anemia
jaundice
splenomegaly
increased mean corpuscular hb concentration
problem in hereditary spherocytosis
defect of red blood cell membrane
ankyrin gene abnormality causes spectrin defivciency
dx of spherocytosis(2)
high osmotic fragility in acidified glycerol lysis test
abnormal eosin5 maleimide binding test
rx of hereditary spherocytosis(3)
folic acid supplementation
blood transfusions
splenectomy
complication of hereditary spherocytosis(2)
pigment gallstones
aplastic crisis from parvovirus B19
hemiplegia in child after accident with pencil penetration in mouth at school
traumatic carotid artery dissection
consequence of trauma in the soft palate
risk of stroke in children
rx of minimal change
prednisone
during apgar evaluation baby has HR
pulse oxymetry monitoring
positive pressure ventilation
clue for impaired leucocytes adhesion type 1(5)
delayed separation od umbilical cord
reccurrent bacterial infections of skin and mucosal surfaces
necrotic perriodontal infection
no pus in inflamed or infected tissue
leucocytosis with neutrophil predominance
maternal I drug user , baby with failure to thrive,lymphadenopathy,thrush dx
HIV infection
hiv testing in hiv drug use during pregnancy(2)
1 trimestre
3e trimestre
xray in duodenal atresia
double bubble sign
cause of microcytic anemia in children
consumption of > 24 ounces per day of cow milk(700ml)
inheritance of hemophilia
Xlinked recessive
screening test of hemophilia(2)
coagulation studies
platelet count
rx of hemophilia
administration of factor 8 et 9
boy 4 -10 ans with hip and knee pain with insidious onset and antalgic gait.xray
legg calve perthes disease
adolescent with hip pain obese
slipped femoral capital epiphysis
when to suspect respiratory distress syndrome in premature infant(3)
premature infant with
grunting
flaring
retraction immediately after birth
dx in prematured infant with respiratory distress
hyaline membrane disease
xray in hyaline membrane disease
fine reticular granularity
treatment of hyaline membrane disease
continuous positive air pressure ventilation
charactheristics of acquired aplastic anemia
everything is low=pancytopenia
cause of acquired aplactic anemia(2)
drugs
infectiom
drug causing acquired aplastic anemia
chemo
chloramphenicol
toxins causing aplastic anemia(2)
benzene
carbon tetrachloride
mode de contamination of measles
infected droplets from respiratory secretions
rash characteristic in measles(2)
cephalocaudal and
centrifugal spread
confirmatory dx of measles
PCR
complication of measles(4)
otitis media
pneumonia
neurologic
gastroenteritis
neurologic complication of measles(2)
encephalitis within days
subacute sclerosing panencephalitis within years
premature child with seizures hypotension focal neurologic findings bulging and tense fontanel apna and bradychardia cause of symptoms
intraventricular hemmorage
what do to in any premature infant even if asymptomatic
transfontanel ultrasound
why gout in lesh nyhan syndrome
deficiency in hypoxanthine guanine phosphorybosil transferase
role of hypoxanthine guanine phosphorybosil transferase
purine metabolism
young boy with gout
lesh nyhan syndrome
clue for intussuception in USMLE
palpable cylindrical mass on the right side of the abdomen
patient with recurrent intussuception
rule out meckel
cause of intussuception(3)
recent viral illness
rotavirus vaccination
pathological lead point
quid of pathological lead point(5)
congenital malformation of the intestines like meckel henoch shonlein purpura celiac disease intestinal tumor polyps
clue for meckel(3)
suden intermittent abdominal pain
currant jelly stools
sausage shaped abdominal mass
dx of Meckel(3)
target sign on ultrasound
technetium 99m pertechnetate scanning
explorative laparoscopy
rx of intussuception(2)
enema
surgery for removal of lead point
management of cyanosis in fallot(2)
knee chest positionning
inhaled o2
definitive rx of Fallot
surgery before age of 6
the most common cause of congenital adrenal hyperplasia
21 hydroxylase deficiency
what will happen in 21 hydroxylase deficiency(2)
hyeperandrogenism=hirsutism
Plus virilism
clue for congenital adrenal hyperplasia(2)
elevated 17 hydroxyprogesterone
certain degree of dsalt wasting
most common cause of hyperandrogenism and oligo ovulation
PCOS
cause of hyperandrogenism en dehors de PCOS(6)
ovarian or adrenal tumors late onset of adrnal hyperplasia hyperprolactinemia hyperprolactinemia acromegaly cushing disease
hyperandrogenism plus high 17 hydroxyprogesterone
CAH
clue for acromegaly
high insulin like growth factor
clue for clavicular fracture in baby(2)
crepitus
moro reflex asymetric
consequence of hyperinsulinism in macrosome(2)
viceromegaly
fat accumulation
cause of intellectual disability(3)
fetal alcohol syndrome
down syndrome
fragile X syndrome
clue fragile x syndrome(5)
macroorchidism macrocephaly large ears long narrow face prominent forehead and chin
face of patient with down syndrome
flat facial profile
slanted palpebral fissure
small low set ears
body of patient with Down(4)
excessive skin at nepe of the neck
single transvers palmar crease
clinodactyly
large space between the first 2 toes
2 yo kid with noisy breathing worsen when lying on his back or crying or feeding dx?
laryngomalacia
2 yo kid with noisy breathigh worset when lying on his back or crying way to confirm the dx
flexible laryngoscopy
flexible laryngoscopy of laryngomalacia(2)
collapse of supraglottic structures with inspiration
omega shape epiglottis
evolution of laryngomalacia
spontaneous resolution by age of 18 months
inspiratory stridor in laryngomalacia
noisy breathing
peak for laryngomalacia
4-8 mois