Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Respiratory II > Opportunistic resp infections > Flashcards

Opportunistic resp infections Flashcards

(46 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Negative stain for Cryptococcus

A

India ink/Nigrosin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Obligate EC fungal pathogen of humans that cannot be grown in the lab

A

Pneumocystis jirovecii

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Fungus with cholesterol cytoplasmic membrane instead of ergosterol

A

Pneumocystis jirovecii

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Appears as silver-stained cysts in BAL. Unable to be cultured

A

Pneumocystis jirovecii

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Fungal pathogen that kills type I pneumocytes, causing an excess replication of type II

A

Pneumocystis jirovecii

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cause of fluid, foamy, honeycomb appearance of alveoli in Pneumocystis pneumonia

A

Alveoli are filled with desquamated alveolar cells, monocytes, and organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

CD4 count at a higher risk for Pneumocystis pneumonia

A

<200

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Prophylaxis options for Pneumocystis pneumonia

A

Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole
Dapsone with/without pyrimethamine
Atovaquone
Pyrimethamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Treatment for Pneumocystis pneumonia

A

Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Infectious form of aspergillosis

A

Conidia/spores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Invasive filamentous hyphae invade lung tissues and blood vessels

A

Aspergillosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Risk factors for aspergillosis

A

Neutropenia
CGD
TNF-alpha inhibitor
Steroid
Immunosuppressant
Transplant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Microscopy of lung biopsy shows 45 degree/acute angle branching and septate hyphae

A

Aspergillosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Risk factors for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

A

CF
Asthma
Eosinophilia
Elevated IgE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Colonization of preformed pulmonary cavities and paranasal cavities with fungal balls, with recurrent hemoptysis

A

Aspergilloma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Risk factors for dissemination of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis

A

Hematological malignancies
Immunosuppressive drugs
Solid organ transplant
Neutropenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Risk factors of zygomycoses

A

DKA
Hematological malignancies
Neutropenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Microscopy of exudate shows broad, ribbon-like, non-septate hyphae with broad (90 degree) angle branching

A

Zygomycoses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Treatment of Zygomycoses

Study These Flashcards
A

Rapid debridement
Amphotericin B
Control DM

20
Q

Angioinvasive fungi

Study These Flashcards
A

Zygomycoses
Aspergillus

21
Q

Non-septate filamentous fungi

Study These Flashcards
A

Zygomycoses - rhizopus
Mucormycosis - mucor
Phycomycosis - absidia

22
Q

Bacterial zoonotic pneumonia causal organisms

Study These Flashcards
A

Chlamydia psittaci
Coxiella burnetti
Bacillus anthracis
Tularemia

23
Q

Transmission of psittacosis

Study These Flashcards
A

From infected birds

24
Q

Causal organism in Q fever

Study These Flashcards
A

Coxiella burnetti

25
Gram positive box-car shaped in tissue. Central spore bearing in environment
Bacillus anthracis
26
Rough ground glass colonies on blood agar with sticky consistency. Medusa head appearance.
Bacillus anthracis
27
Specific stain for Bacillus anthracis
McFadyean
28
Mechanism of edema factor of Bacillus anthracis
Calmodulin dependent activation of adenylyl cyclase to cause efflux of fluid
29
Mechanism of LF-MAP kinase of Bacillus anthracis
Protease that increases secretion of TNF leading to cell death
30
Treatment for anthrax
Ciprofloxacin for 30 days
31
Preventative for anthrax
Acellular vaccine adsorbed/Raxibacumab
32
Causes of fungal pneumonia from animals
Histoplasma capsulatum Cryptococcus neoformans
33
Negative sense, enveloped, ssRNA with 3 segments. Transmitted through rodent excreta.
Hantavirus/Bunyavirus
34
Complications of Hantavirus
ARDS Renal failure Hemorrhage High mortality rate
35
Virus with multisystem pathology characterized by damage to capillaries and small vessel walls that results in vasodilation and congestion with hemorrhages leading to HTN, oliguria, and shock
Hantavirus
36
Subtype of hantavirus that causes severe/classical HVD
Hantaan
37
Subtype of hantavirus causing moderate HVD
Seoul
38
Hantavirus subtype causing mild HVD
Puumala
39
Hantavirus subtype that causes hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
Sin Nombra
40
5 phases of Hantavirus
Febrile Hypotensive Oliguric Diuretic - recovery Convalescent
41
Motile, strict aerobe, oxidase positive, gram negative bacilli
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
42
Mechanism of exotoxin A of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Inhibits protein synthesis by ADP ribosylation of EF-2
43
Mechanism of Exotoxin S of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Induces apoptosis by acting on regulatory G proteins
44
Mechanism of Pyocyanin of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Stimulates IL-8
45
Lung colonization in early childhood pts with CF
H influenzae S aureus
46
Lung colonization young adults with CF
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Burkholderia cepacia Aspergillus fumigatus

Respiratory II (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions