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BDS2 BAMS Oral Biology > Oral function 1: muscles > Flashcards

Oral function 1: muscles Flashcards

(57 cards)

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1
Q

why is the term muscles of mastication misleading

A

because many other muscles are involved in mastication

the term mandibular muscles is suggested as an alternative

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2
Q

what is the origin of the masseter

A

zygomatic arch

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3
Q

what is the insertion of the masseter

A

lateral surface and angle of mandible

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4
Q

what is the action of the masseter

A

elevates the mandible

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5
Q

which patients may have a tender masseter

A

those who have a clenching habit

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6
Q

how do we examine the masseter

A

place on finger intra orally and the other on the check

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7
Q

what is the origin of the temporalis

A

floor of temporal fossa

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8
Q

what is the insertion of the temporalis

A

coronoid process and anterior border of ramus

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9
Q

what is the action of the temporalis

A

elevates and retracts mandible

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10
Q

which patients have a tender temporalis

A

patients who have a bruxism habit

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11
Q

how do you examine the temporalis

A

palpate its origin by asking the patient to clench the teeth together

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12
Q

how is digital palpation performed on the temporalis

A

it is performed between the superior and inferior temporal lines just above the ear, extending forwards towards the supra-orbital region

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13
Q

what is the origin of the lateral pterygoid

A

from the lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate

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14
Q

what is the insertion of the lateral pterygoid

A

anterior border of the condyle and intraarticular disc via two independent heads

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15
Q

what is the function of the lateral pterygoid

A

protrudes and laterally deviates the mandible and the inferior head functions with the mandibular depressors during openings

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16
Q

what does the inferior belly of the lateral pterygoid attach to

A

head of the condyle

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17
Q

what does the superior belly of the lateral pterygoid insert into

A

intra articular disc

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18
Q

how do we examine the lateral pterygoid

A

not accessible to manual palpation
best examined by recording its response to resisted movement
good correlation between the resisted movement test and the muscle being tender to palpitation

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19
Q

what is the origin of the deep head of the medial pterygoid

A

medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate

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20
Q

what is the origin of the superficial head of the medial pterygoid

A

tuberosity of the maxilla

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21
Q

what is the insertion of the medial pterygoid

A

medial surface of the angle of the mandible

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22
Q

what is the action of the medial pterygoid

A

elevates and assists in protrusion of the mandible

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23
Q

why is the medial pterygoid not available for palpation

Study These Flashcards
A

because of its location inside of the jaw

24
Q

why is there no way of examining the medial pterygoid

Study These Flashcards
A

does not respond well to resistive movement tests

25
why should bone be contacted when giving ID block
to ensure correct position within the pterygomandibular triangle and not to hit the soft tissues
26
what happens happens if you accidentally hit the medial pterygoid when giving ID block
trismus
27
what are the movements of the TMJ
rotation - initial opening | translation - wider opening
28
what happens in protrusion of the mandible
both condyles leave their fossa and move forward along their aritucular eminences
29
what happens in retrusion of the mandible
both condyles leave the eminences and move back into their respective fossa
30
what is the maximum biting/clenching forces
varies between teeth | maximum between molars is 200-700N
31
what are the psychological factors that effect the biting/clenching forces
fear of tooth fracture when maximum forces are used which can limit the maximum biting force recorded
32
how does muscle mass affect maximum biting force
bigger muscles = larger force
33
what are the muscle fibre types
``` type I type II sub types (IIA, IIX, IIB) ```
34
what are type I muscle fibers
slow, low forces
35
what are type II muscle fibers
fast, stronger forces
36
what are the sub type muscle fibres
predominant fibre type varies, depending on jaw morphology, diet
37
what do people with squarer jaws have more of which muscle fibres
type 2 | can generate stronger btiting forces
38
which teeth generate the greatest biting forces
1st molars
39
what else effects force
tooth type and position position relative to TMJ and muscles root area - PDL support
40
what are the supra hyoid muscles
digastric mylohyoid geniohyoid stylohyoid
41
what are the infra hyoid 'strap' muscles
sternohyoid omohyoid thyrohyoid sternothyroid
42
what muscles act as jaw depressers
digastric mylohyoid geniohyoid
43
what do this intrinsic tongue muscles do
alter shape
44
what do the extrinsic tongue muscles do
alter shape and position
45
what are the intrinsic tongue muscles
longitudinal vertical transverse
46
what are the extrinsic tongue muscles
genioglossus hypoglosus palatoglossus styloglossus
47
what do the facial muscles do
help to control food bolus and prevent spillage
48
what are the facial muscles
orbicularis oris | buccinator
49
What is Posselt's envelope
the envelope of mandibular movements in the sagittal plane
50
What are the 5 points on Posselt's envelope
``` RCP ICP edge to edge fully protruded fully open ```
51
What is the ICP
The intercuspal position is the 'habit position' where maximum intercuspation occurs. When you tell a patient to bite together, usually this is the position they adopt.
52
As the jaw protrudes towards end-to-end position what is it guided by
its position is guided by the cusps of the teeth (anterior determinants) and the slope of the fossae (posterior determinants
53
When the mandible opens how does it open (Posselt's envelope)
opens in a smooth arc. The condylar head repositions as the jaw opens.
54
When the mandible closes how does it close (posselt's envelope)
As the jaw closes to the RCP it does not make a smooth arc, only when the teeth are nearly together is the movement smooth.
55
What is the mnemonic for the supra hyoid muscles
my gravy spoon, darling
56
What is the mnemonic for infrahyoid mouses
TOSS
57
What is the mnemonic for the tongue muscles
SH the GP

BDS2 BAMS Oral Biology (10 decks)

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