Oral function 3 - feeding sequence Flashcards
(44 cards)
what is the first part of the feeding sequence
ingestion
what is ingestion
movement of food from the external environment into the mouth
how is ingestion accomplished
by biting with your anterior teeth and/or using ‘tools’ such as cutlery, cups etc.
what do lips provide in the feeding sequence
provide an anterior ‘seal’
what is the second part of the feeding sequence
transport
what is stage 1 transport
Stage I transport is moving material from the front of the mouth to the level of the posterior teeth.
what are the steps to stage 1 transport
- Food is gathered on the tongue tip
* The tongue retracts, pulling the material to the posterior teeth. PULL BACK PROCESS
what is after transport
mechanical processing
what happens in mechanical processing for solid foods
Some solid foods must be broken down and mixed with saliva before they can be swallowed
what happens in mechanical processing in moist solid foods
Moist solid foods such as fruit have to have fluid removed before transport and swallowing
how is food generally chewed/masticated
Generally food is chewed/masticated by premolar and molar teeth however, some soft foods are ‘squashed’ by the tongue against the hard palate
what muscles are involved in food processing
the ‘mandibular muscles’
the supra hyoid muscles
the tongue muscles
the lips and cheeks
how does the tongue control bolus
It gathers food and rotates to reposition the bolus on the occlusal table
what is the tongues role in chewing
the tongue plays a key role in controlling and transporting the bolus within the mouth.
what do the tongue and cheeks work together to do
The tongue and the cheek act in a reciprocal manner to place the food on the occlusal surfaces of the teeth. ‘tongue pushing’ (red) and ‘cheek pushing’ (blue) are observed during chewing.
what are the tongue movements during chewing
The forward movement of the tongue during the occlusal and initial opening phases creates a contact between the tongue and the hard palate
The contact zone moves progressively backwards squeezing the processed food through the fauces – the so called ‘squeeze-back’ mechanism.
This material accumulates on the pharyngeal surface of the tongue and remains there until swallowing occurs.
During processing of solid foods, the mouth is continuous with the oropharynx
A posterior seal may be produced during the ingestion of liquids (liquids are swallowed from the mouth without stage II transport
what are the 3 phases of the chewing cycle
opening phase
closing phase
occlusal phase
what is the opening phase
the jaw depressor muscles are active
what is the closing phase
jaw elevator muscles are active
what is the occlusal phase
mandible is stationary, teeth are joined. In the ICP
how does the chewing cycle differ from person to person
it is a narrower chewing cycle for brittle foods such as carrots and a wider one for tougher foods such as meat.
what should be considered when designing prostheses
chewing style
if the patient performs ruminator mandibular movements what kind of teeth should be used
use teeth with cusps to achieve balanced occlusion (especially when patients have favourable ridge form).
if the dentures have occlusal surfaces which are evenly worn, what is this suggestive of
vertical (chopping) mandibular movement
