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organic chemistry mistakes Flashcards

(19 cards)

1
Q

how could GC be used to predict the number of esters in a mixture and their relative proportions

A

by counting the number of peaks and the relative peaks areas

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2
Q

why is there uncertainty about using GC alone to predict the number of esters in a mixture

A

some esters may have the same retention time as they might have the similar structures

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3
Q

How does GC separate the compounds in a mixture

A

by measuring their relative solubilities in the stationary phase

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4
Q

retention time

A

the time taken for each component to travel through the column

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5
Q

3 reasons why TMS is used as the zero reference point in NMR spectroscopy

A

it is chemically inert
it is non toxic
it produces a single intense peak

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6
Q

the region of the electromagnetic spectrum used in H NMR spectroscopy

A

radio waves

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7
Q

why is CDCl3 used as a solvent in H NMR spectroscopy

A

it does not have any H
so it does not show on the spectrum

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8
Q

which type of radiation can cause polymers to photodegrade to benefit the environment

A

ultraviolet radiation

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9
Q

when calculating atom economies, do we take into account the molar ratios?
what does this suggest

A

yes

suggests that if there is, for example, a 2 front of a product, then we would multiply the molar mass of that product by 2

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10
Q

stereoisomers

A

molecules with the same molecular AND structural formula but different arrangements of atoms in 3D space

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11
Q

an alicyclic molecule with only one carbon environment , and why

A

cyclohexane
because all of the carbons are surrounded 2 hydrogens each

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12
Q

Heterolytic fission

A

Breaking of a covalent bond in which one of the bonded atoms receives both electrons

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13
Q

Which between branched and un branched alkanes have the highest boiling point ?

A

Unbranched alkanes have a greater boiling point because they have a more extended shape allowing for more surface contact , and stronger intermolecular forces

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14
Q

Which types of bonds are broken in the reaction of alkenes with bromine

A

Pie and sigma bonds are both broken

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15
Q

Describe in terms of orbital overlap, the similarities and differences between the bonding in Kekule model of benzene and the delocalised model

A

Similarities

They both have a sideways overlap of p orbitals

They both have a pie bond above and below the bonding atoms

Differences
Kekule model shows 3 pie bonds

Délocaliser model has a pie ring system

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16
Q

How do we form aliphatic amines

A

React a haloalkane with excess NH3 , with ethanol as a solvent

17
Q

Why do we use excess ammonia during the formation of a primary amine

A

To ensure that there is no leftover Haloalkane to react with the primary amine formed

18
Q

Sigma bond

A

Overlap of orbitals directly between bonding atoms

19
Q

How are carboxylic acids formed from a yo chlorides

A

By reacting acyl chlorides with water