Organism(s)/Disease(s) Flashcards
(187 cards)
1
Q
S. aureus
A
- Exotoxin mediated:
- Staphylococcus scalded skin syndrome (SSSS)
- Food poisoning
- Toxic shock syndrome
- Invasive
- Skin/soft tissue infections (abscesses, mastitis, impetigo, and surgical infections)
- Endocarditis
- Pneumonia/empyema
- Osteomyelitis
- Septic arthritis
2
Q
S. epidermidis
A
Prosthetic devices and indwelling catheters infections
3
Q
S. saprophyticus
A
Community acquired UTI in sexually active women (honeymoon cystis) (2nd most common)
4
Q
S. pneumoniae
A
- Pneumonia (most common)
- Adult meningitis (most common)
- Otitis media and sinusitis in children (most common)
5
Q
S. mutans, S. mitis, and S. sanguis
A
- Dental caries (mutans)
- Subacute infective endocarditis (sanguis)
6
Q
S. pyogenes
A
- Pyogenic:
- Pharyngitis
- Cellulitis
- Impetigo
- Erysipelas
- Toxigenic:
- Scarlet fever
- Toxic shock-like syndrome
- Necrotizing fasciitis
- Immunologic:
- Rheumatic fever
- Glomerulonephritis
7
Q
S. agalactiae
A
Neonatal septicemia and meningitis (most common)
8
Q
S. bovis
A
GI tract malignancies (bovis)
9
Q
Enterococci (E. faecalis and E. faecium)
A
- Urinary and biliary tract infection
- Subacute infective endocarditis (in damaged heart valves)
10
Q
B. anthracis
A
- Cutaneous anthrax
- Pulmonary anthrax
- GI anthrax
11
Q
B. cereus
A
Gastroenteritis
12
Q
C. tetani
A
Tetanus
13
Q
C. botulinum
A
Botulism
14
Q
C. perfringens
A
- Gas gangrene (myonecrosis)
- Food poisoning
15
Q
C. difficile
A
- Antibiotic associated diarrhea
- Pseudomembranous colitis
16
Q
C. diphtheriae
A
Diphtheria
17
Q
L. monocytogenes
A
- Listeriosis
- Neonatal granulomatosis infantisepticum (early onset) or meningitis with septicemia (late onset)
- Septicemia and meningitis in IC patients (most common on renal transplant and adults with cancer)
18
Q
Nocardia
A
- Pneumonia and brain abscess (N. asteroides)
- Cellulitis and mycetoma (N. brasiliensis)
19
Q
Actinomyces
A
Mycetomas and solitary brain abscess
20
Q
M. tuberculosis
A
- Primary tuberculosis
- Secondary tuberculosis
- Miliary tuberculosis
21
Q
M. leprae
A
- Lepromatous leprosy
- Tuberculoid leprosy
22
Q
M. avium intracellulare
A
- Pneumonia in AIDS
- Gastroenteritis
23
Q
M. kansasii
A
- Pneumonia
- Gastroenteritis
24
Q
M. scrofulaceum
A
Lymphadenitis
25
M. marinum
Fish tank granuloma (cutaneous)
26
M. catarrhalis
- Otitis media and sinusitis
| - Bronchitis and bronchopneumonia in elderly with COPD
27
P. mirabilis
- UTI
| - Septicemia
28
P. vulgaris
- UTI
| - Septicemia
29
N. gonorrhoeae
- Gonorrhea (urethritis and proctitis in males) (endocervicitis, PID, arthritis and proctitis in females)
- Ophthalmia (neonatal conjuctivitis) (blindness if untreated)
- Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome
30
N. meningitidis
- Meningococcemia (petechial hemorrhages and gangrene of toes)
- Meningitis
- Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome
31
H. influenzae
- Epiglottitis
- Meningitis
- Otitis media
- Pneumonia
32
H. ducreyi
Chancroid
33
B. pertussis
Whooping cough (pertussis)
34
L. pneumophila
- Pneumonia (legionnaires disease)
| - Pontiac fever
35
P. aeruginosa
- Pneumonia (Cystic fibrosis, prior therapy with broad spectrum antibiotics or respiratory instrumentation)
- UTI (therapy with broad spectrum antibiotics or respiratory instrumentation)
- Osteomyelitis (D.M., children after puncture trauma)
- Malignant otitis externa (D.M.)
- Wound infections (burn patients)
- Hot tub folliculitis
- Sepsis (Neutropenia, D.M., extensive burns, leukemia)
- Endocarditis (IV drug abusers)
- Corneal ulcers (contact lens wearers)
36
E. coli
- UTI (most common)
- Neonatal septicemia/meningitis (2nd most common)
- Septicemia (indwelling IV lines, cytotoxic drugs)
- Gastroenteritis
37
K. pneumoniae
- Aspiration pneumonia (alcoholics and D.M.)
- Abscesses in liver and lungs (alcoholics and D.M.)
- Nosocomial UTIs
38
C. jejuni
- Gastroenteritis
| - Guillain-Barre syndrome
39
S. typhi
- Gastroenteritis
- Cholecystitis
- Pneumonia
- Thrombophlebitis
40
S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium
- Gastroenteritis/Enterocolitis
- Septicemia with endocarditis or arthritis
- Osteomyelitis (sickle cell anemia)
41
S. paratyphi
- Gastroenteritis
- Cholecystitis
- Pneumonia
- Thrombophlebitis
42
Shigella
Bacillary dysentery
43
V. cholerae
Cholera
44
V. parahemolyticus
Gastroenteritis
45
V. vulnificus
Gastroenteritis and cellulitis
46
Y. enterocolitica
- Enterocolitis (pseudoappendicitis)
| - Blood transfusion-associated infections
47
Y. pestis
- Bubonic plague
| - Pneumonic plague
48
H. pylori
- Chronic gastritis and duodenal ulcers
| - Gastric carcinoma (several forms)
49
L. interrogans
- Leptospirosis
| - Weil disease
50
B. burgdorferi
Lyme disease
51
B. recurrentis
Relapsing fever
52
T. pallidum
Syphilis (primary, secondary, tertiary, and congenital)
53
B. henselae
- Cat scratch fever
| - Bacillary angiomatosis (AIDS)
54
P. multocida
- Cellulitis with lymphadenitis
| - Osteomyelitis
55
G. vaginalis
Bacterial vaginosis
56
E. corrodens
Cellulitis
57
C. canimorsus
- Cellulitis
| - Overwhelming sepsis (splenectomy)
58
HACEK group infections
Endocarditis in non-IV drug users
59
B. fragilis
- Septicemia
- Peritonitis
- Abdominal abscess
60
F. tularensis
Tularemia
61
Brucella spp.
Brucellosis (undulant fever)
62
R. rickettsii
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
63
R. akari
Rickettsial pox
64
R. prowazekii
Epidemic typhus
65
R. typhi
Endemic typhus
66
O. tsutsugamushi
Scrub typhus
67
C. burnetii
Q fever
68
E. chafeensis
Ehrlichiosis
69
E. phagocytophila
Ehrlichiosis
70
Anaplasma spp.
Anaplasmosis
71
C. trachomatis
- STDs in U.S. (serotypes D-K)
* Nongonococcal urethritis, cervicitis, PID and infertility
* Inclusion conjunctivitis
* Inclusion conjunctivitis and/or pneumonia in neonates/infants
- Lymphogranuloma venereum (L1,2,3)
- Trachoma (follicular conjunctivitis) (serotypes A, B, Ba and C)
72
C. pneumoniae
Pneumonia ("walking")
73
C. psittaci
Psittacosis (ornithosis) which is atypical pneumonia with hepatitis
74
M. pneumoniae
Pneumonia ("walking")
75
U. urealyticum
- Urethritis
- Prostatitis
- Renal calculi
76
H. capsulatum
- Pneumonia
| - Disseminated infection (mucocutaneous lesions) in AIDS
77
C. immitis
- Pneumonia (Valley fever)
- Desert bumps (erythema nodosum)
- Systemic infection in AIDS and IC patients
- Dissemination in third trimester of pregnancy
78
B. dermatitidis
- Pneumonia
| - Disseminated disease
79
A. fumigatus
- Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (asthma, cystic fibrosis)
- Fungus ball
- Invasive aspergillosis which may cause pneumonia or meningitis or cellulitis (severe neutropenia, CGD, cystic fibrosis and burns)
80
C. albicans
- Perleche (cervices of mouth/malnutrition)
- Oral thrush (prematurity, antibiotic use, IC host, AIDS)
- Esophagitis (antibiotic use, IC host, AIDS)
- Gastritis (antibiotic use, IC host, AIDS)
- Septicemia (IC host, cancer and IV patients)
- Endocarditis (IV drug abusers)
- Cutaneous infections (obesity, infants, patients with rubber gloves)
- Yeast vaginitis (D.M.)
- Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (endocrine defects)
81
C. neoformans
- Pneumonia (pigeon breeders)
| - Meningitis (Hodgkin lymphoma, AIDS)
82
Mucor, Rhizopus and Absidia
Rhinocerebral infection (ketoacidotic diabetic and leukemic patients)
83
P. jirovecii
Interstitial pneumonia
84
M. furfur
Pityriasis or tinea versicolor
85
Dermatophytes
Tineas:
- Skin, hair and nails (Trichophyton)
- Hair and skin (Microsporum)
- Nails and skin (Epidermophyton)
86
S. schenckii
- Sporotrichosis (rose gardener disease)
| - Pulmonary sporotrichosis (alcoholic rose-garden-sleeper disease)
87
Paracoccidioidomycosis
- Pneumonia
| - Disseminated disease
88
G. lamblia
Giardiasis
89
E. histolytica
Dysentery
90
Cryptosporidium spp. (C. parvum)
- Diarrhea
| - Severe diarrhea in AIDS
91
I. belli
Transient diarrhea in AIDS (resembles giardiasis)
92
C. cayetanesis
- Diarrhea
| - Severe diarrhea in AIDS
93
Microsporidia spp.
- Persistent debilitating diarrhea in AIDS
| - Hepatitis and disseminated disease
94
T. vaginalis
Trichomoniasis
95
T. gondii
- Congenital toxoplasmosis
| - Brain abscess in AIDS
96
N. fowleri
Rapidly fatal meningoencephalitis
97
T. brucei
African sleeping sickness
98
Acanthamoeba
- Keratitis
| - Granulomatous amebic encephalitis (GAE)
99
P. vivax
Malaria (tertian fever [48 hr cycle])
100
P. ovale
Malaria (tertian fever [48 hr cycle])
101
P. malarie
Malaria (quartan fever [72 hr cycle])
102
P. falciparum
Malaria
103
T. cruzi
Chagas disease
104
L. donovanii
Visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar)
105
L. braziliensis
Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis
106
Leishmania spp.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis
107
B. microti
Babesiosis
108
E. vermicularis
Anal pruritis
109
A. lumbricoides
Ascariasis with possible obstruction
110
T. canis or cati
Visceral larva migrans
111
T. trichiura
- Appendicitis
| - Rectal prolapse
112
S. stercoralis
Strongyloidiasis
113
T. spiralis
Trichinosis
114
A. braziliense and caninum
Cutaneous larva migrans
115
N. americanus
- Pneumonitis
| - Anemia
116
W. bancrofti
Elephantiasis
117
B. malayi
Elephantiasis
118
Loa Loa
Eye itching and calabar swellings
119
O. volvulus
- River blindness
| - Itchy "leopard" rash
120
D. medinensis
Creepy eruptions, ulceration and rash
121
T. Solium
- Cysticercosis
| - Intestinal tapeworm
122
T. saginata
Intestinal tapeworm
123
D. latum
- Sparganosis
- Intestinal tapeworm
- Megalobalstic anemia
124
E. granulosus
Hydatid cyst disease
125
E. multilocularis
Alveolar hydatid cyst disease
126
S. mansoni and japonicum
Granulomas of liver and spleen
127
S. haematobium
- Squamous cell carcinoma of urinary bladder
| - Pulmonary hypertension
128
Non-human schistosomes
Dermatitis
129
C. sinensis
- Serum-like sickness
- Pigmented gallstones
- Cholangiocarcinoma
130
F. hepatica
Subclinical (fever, nightsweats, malaise)
131
F. buski
Subclinical (diarrhea and abdominal pain)
132
P. westermani
Mimics pulmonary TB
133
S. scabiei
Scabies
134
P. humanus and P. pubis
Intense pruritis with pink macules and papules commonly in intertriginous regions
135
B19
- Children/adults
* Fifth disease (erythema infectiosum or slapped cheek fever)
* Rash and arthralgias (adults)
- Fetus
* Severe anemia
* CHF
* Hydrops fetalis
* Spontaneous abortion
136
HPV
- Cutaneous warts
* Common warts (2 and 4)
* Plantar warts (1)
- Anogenital warts (condylomata acuminata)
* Laryngeal papillomas in infants and sexually active adults
* 90% are serotypes 6 and 11 (benign)
* CIN (16, 18, 31, 33, 35)
137
BK
Renal disease in AIDS
138
JC
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in AIDS and transplant patients
139
Adenovirus
- Acute respiratory disease (ARD) and pneumonia (4, 7, 21)
- Pharyngoconjunctivitis
- Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis
- Acute hemorrhagic cystitis
- Gastroenteritis (40, 41)
140
HBV
- Chronic hepatitis
| - Hepatocellular carcinoma
141
HSV-1 and HSV-2
- Gingivostomatitis and cold sores (latent in trigeminal ganglion)
- Keratoconjunctivitis
- Meningoencephalitis (HSV-1 high fatality)
- Genital infections (latent in sacral nerve ganglion)
- Neonatal herpes
142
VZV
- Chickenpox
| - Shingles
143
EBV
- Infectious mononucleosis heterophile +ve (latent in B cells)
- Lymphoproliferative disease
- Hairy oral leukoplakia in AIDS
144
CMV
- Infectious mononucleosis heterophile -ve
- Cytomegalic inclusion disease (most common in utero infection in U.S.)
- Interstitial pneumonitis (AIDS and transplant patients)
- CMV retinitis (AIDS)
145
HHV-6
Roseola (exanthema subitum)
146
HHV-8
Kaposi sarcoma
147
Variola
Smallpox
148
Molluscum contagiosum
Umbilicated warts
149
Norwalk virus and Noro-like virus
Acute gastroenteritis
150
Hepatitis E virus
Severe hepatitis in pregnancy
151
Polio
- Asymptomatic to FUO
- Aseptic meningitis
- Paralytic polio
- Post-polio syndrome
152
Coxsackie A
- Hand, foot, and mouth disease (A16)
- Herpangina
- Aseptic meningitis
- Acute lymphoglandular pharyngitis
- Common cold
153
Coxsackie B
- Bornholm disease (devil's grip)
- Aseptic meningitis
- Severe systemic disease of newborns
- Myocarditis
154
Enterovirus 71
- Diarrhea
- Hand, foot, and mouth disease
- Severe central nervous system diseases with sudden death
- Monoplegia
155
Echoviruses
- Fever and rash of unknown origin
| - Aseptic meningitis
156
Rhinoviruses
Common cold
157
HAV
Acute hepatitis
158
St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLE)
Encephalitis
159
West Nile encephalitis virus (WNV)
Encephalitis
160
Dengue virus
- Break bone fever
| - Dengue hemorrhagic shock (reinfection)
161
Yellow fever virus (YFV)
Yellow fever
162
HCV
- Chronic hepatitis
| - Hepatocellular carcinoma
163
Eastern, Western and Venazuelan equine encephalitis viruses (EEE, WEE, VEE)
Encephalitis
164
Rubella virus
- German measles
| - Congenital rubella syndrome
165
Coronavirus
Common cold
166
SARS-CoV
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
167
Measles virus
- Measles
| - Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
168
Mumps virus
- Mumps
- Pancreatitis
- Orchitis
- Meningoencephalitis
169
Parainfluenza virus
- Croup
- Bronchiolitis
- Pneumonia
170
RSV
- Common cold (adults)
| - Pneumonia (children)
171
Human metapneumovirus (MNV)
- Common cold
- Bronchiolitis
- Pneumonia
172
Rabies virus
Rabies
173
Ebola and Marburg viruses
Fatal hemorrhagic fever
174
Influenza A virus
- Influenza
- Bronchiolitis
- Croup
- Otitis media
- Pneumonia
- Reye syndrome or Guillain-Barre syndrome
175
Influenza B virus
- Influenza
- Bronchiolitis
- Croup
- Otitis media
- Pneumonia
- Reye syndrome or Guillain-Barre syndrome
176
California and LaCrosse encephalitis viruses
Encephalitis
177
Hantavirus
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
178
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)
Influenza-like with meningeal signs
179
Lassa fever virus
Hemorrhagic fever with 50% fatality
180
Reovirus
- Common cold
| - Gastroenteritis
181
Rotavirus
Gastroenteritis
182
Colorado tick fever virus (CTFV)
Flu-like illness with biphasic fever and conjunctivitis
183
HIV
AIDS
184
HTLV-1
CD4+ T-cell leukemia/lymphoma
185
HTLV-2
Hairy cell leukemia
186
Hepatitis D virus
Hepatitis
187
Zika virus
- Zika fever
- Microcephaly
- Guillain-Barre syndrome
