Origins of Physical Anthropology

Question 1

● Age of Exploration and Discovery

Answer 1

19TH CENTURY ANTHROPOLOGY

Question 2

● Age of Exploration and Discovery is the result of the convergence of

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geology, biology, and
interest in the “other”

Question 3

rode the HMS Beagle to arrive at the Galapagos Island; he also proposed his Theory of Evolution.

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Charles Darwin

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also corresponded with world-renowned microbiologist Rudolf Virchow

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Dr. Jose Rizal

Question 5

Father of Cellular Pathology,

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Rudolf Virchow

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Location of excavation

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Lamayan Road, Sta Ana. Manila

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Excavation site shows

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The remains of a human, certain artifacts, and a dog

Question 8

Made by possible because of the technological advancement

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Age of Exploration and Discovery

Question 9

Rizal and Virchow’s correspondence resulted to the book

Answer 9

The Peopling of the Philippines (1821 - 1902)

Question 10

The Peopling of the Philippines (1821 - 1902)

Answer 10

The characteristic of various people in the Philippines

Question 11

Rizal was also an?

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Ethnologist

Question 12

20TH CENTURY

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Marked the “race to racism”

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became the basis of many forms of violence and
oppression.

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Race

Question 14

asserted their superiority over Jews

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The Nazis

Question 15

occurred in
Africa

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Apartheid (racial segregation)

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Stripped of honorary title because of racism through science to justify prejudice

Answer 16

James Watson

Question 17

He opposed racism as early as 1925

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Franz Boas

Question 18

Franz Boas wrote _____ in ___to opposed the views of racism

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“The Nordic Nonsense” in 1925

Question 19

There are still racial tension in the?

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USA

Question 20

__________ has been legalized in the 1960

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Interracial marriages

Question 21

Modern acts of racism include the recent Murder of African-American ________?

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George Floyd

Question 22

The Nordic Nonsense is about?

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Detaching the idea of superiority among races

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Context of James Watson’s issue

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Racist comments about the intellectual or same level of intelligence between races

Question 24

Apartheid in Africa Includes:

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Domination of white africans over non whites
Native black rights were sidelined
Exploitation of the blacks through threats

Question 25

Key Figures in the 20th Century Anthropology in the Philippines?

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William Henry Scott Henry Otley Beyer

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William Henry Scott:

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Exposed the myths of the Order or the Kalantiaw and the Ten Datus as fraud

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○ Demonstrated importance of rigor in anthropology ○ Challenged myths with total objectivity and detachment

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William Henry Scott:

Question 28

Father of Department of Anthropology (UP)

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Henry Otley Beyer

Question 29

Henry Otley Beyer contributions:

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Showcased indigenous people Focused on physicality and savagery Themes are likened to poverty porn

Question 30

any media of poverty used to gain empathy/donations

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poverty porn

Question 31

BA Anthropology in UP (Subjects)

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Criminal Anthropology and Race Mixture Genetic Physiology Heredity

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criminal tendencies are determined by face and physical features.

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Criminal Anthropology and Race Mixture

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being born into specific personalities and psyche.

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Genetic Physiology

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miscegenation, sexual selection, and eugenics.

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Heredity

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WAVE MIGRATION THEORY

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Began in 19th and popularized by H Otley Beyer

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Racial waves inhabited the Philippines in order!

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○ Negritos ○ Indonesians (with A and B subgroups) ○ Malays ○ Spaniards

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Order of Kalantiaw

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given to people with significant service in the fields of law and justice

Question 38

OoK was debunk by William Henry Scott through his phd thesis titled what?

Answer 38

Critical Study of the Prehispanic Source Materials for the Study of the Philippine History

Question 39

This theory is unscientific and does not have a relation to each other

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The correlation of race and technology

Question 40

Who is responsible for RACIAL ACCOUNTING?

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Daniel Folkmar

Question 41

The Racial Accounting is present in the published work of Folkmar entitled?

Answer 41

“An Album of Philippine Types: Christian and Moros”

Question 42

“An Album of Philippine Types: Christian and Moros” how many photographs and classification?

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160 photographs of Filipinos classified into 12 basic types based on physical measurements and skin color.

Question 43

19TH CENTURY HANGOVERS:

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Insistence on race in osteology (study of bones) Insisting Japanese ethnicity based on skulls alone Proven as false as osteology requires DNA analysis

Question 44

21ST CENTURY Frontiers:

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Genetics and Neurology

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Genetics reshaped many aspects of anthropology, such as:

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■ Genetic Linguistics ■ Genetic Creolistics ■ Genetic Forensics

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Selective Search for Origins:

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Entry on Filipino Mestizo

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IMSCF means what? A syndrome in America and the Filipino Identity Crisis

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I am Spanish-Chinese-Filipino

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IMSCF's Mindset

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a hyphenated Filipino ethnicity increases a person’s social status

Question 49

should not be separated from one another.

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Culture and Biology

Question 50

Cultural interpretations and reinterpretations of biology, especially around sex, sexuality, and gender, from gender-restricted activities, theatre, dance, sports, and religious rites.

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INTEGRATING CULTURE AND BIOLOGY

Question 51

There is diversity in people’s neurology (and in turn, cognitions). Examples: artists, athletes, engineers, and the like

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NEUROLOGY AND ANTHROPOLOGY

Question 52

The connections of genetics, neurology, and anthropology can be seen in______

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Small Societies

Question 53

Examples of small societies:

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People with Asperger’s are often marginalized and may even be called “Aswang.”

Question 54

Self-label of people diagnosed with Asperger's?

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Aspies

Question 55

DSM stands for?

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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Question 56

ADHD HISTORY

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1798- mental restlessness by Alexander Crichton DSM I 1952- MINIMAL BRAIN DYSFUNCTION DSM II 1968- HYPERKINETIC REACTION OF CHILDREN DSM III 1981- ADD WITH OR WITHOUT HYPERACTIVITY DSM IV 1987- FINALIZED ADHD DSM V 2013- 3 SUB TYPES

Question 57

_________Labeled in 1944, but the disorder did not make it to________ until_____was taken out in_____and merged into________

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Asperger's DSM III 1981 DSM in 2013 Austism spectrum

Question 58

OTHER APPLICATIONS:

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Anthropology should recognize ‘awesome’ forces and practices

Question 59

The anthropologist can serve as a ____or the most simple matters (e.g. metal allergies) to the most pressing and systemic

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public advocate

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Anthropologists should also exhibit scientific rigor and be discerning in finding a balance between views of culture and its implications (such as othering).

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ANTHROPOL. AS ADVOCATES AND SCIENTISTS

Question 61

From a scientific lens, culture could be viewed as a

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convergence (union) of diversity.

Question 62

Michael L. Tan quote

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"A good anthropologist must be able to think across the four sub-disciplines to tackle age-old issues of nature and nurturing"