Otic system Flashcards
(24 cards)
What are the main functions of the skin?
The skin serves many functions, including protection, temperature regulation, storage, sensory perception, secretion, and vitamin D production and metabolism.
What are the three layers of the skin?
The skin is composed of three layers: the epidermis (outermost layer), the dermis (beneath the epidermis), and the hypodermis (below the dermis).
What does the dermis contain?
The dermis contains blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles, and supportive structures.
What is seborrhea?
Seborrhea is a skin condition that results in an increased amount of scaling.
What is a keratolytic?
A keratolytic is an agent that promotes loosening of the epidermis, helping to remove scaling.
What are some treatments for seborrhea?
Shampoos or gels containing sulfur, salicylic acid, coal tar, benzoyl peroxide, or selenium sulfide are used to treat seborrhea.
Some compounds can stain hair and should be used with caution on cats.
What are astringents used for?
Astringents are applied to help precipitate proteins and are used on areas of moist dermatitis.
What are some examples of astringents?
Examples of astringents include alcohol, tannic acid, iodine, phenol, and aluminum acetate.
What is the purpose of antiseptics?
Antiseptics help inhibit the growth of bacteria on the skin and are used to clean wounds or prepare areas for surgery.
What are some common antiseptics?
Common antiseptics include alcohol, propylene glycol, acetic acid, iodine, benzalkonium chloride, and chlorhexidine.
What is mupirocin used for?
Mupirocin is a topical cream used to treat localized skin infections, cysts between the toes, and draining tracts.
How are burns treated?
Burns are treated with silver sulfadiazine, which helps to prevent the growth of Pseudomonas bacteria.
What are antipruritics?
Antipruritics are agents that help relieve itching and may contain oatmeal or antihistamines.
What is the role of topical anesthetics?
Topical anesthetic sprays and gels containing lidocaine can provide relief for painful skin lesions.
What are corticosteroids used for?
Corticosteroids can be applied topically to help relieve itching and are available in various strengths.
What are some side effects of systemic corticosteroids?
Systemic corticosteroids can cause polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia, and may lead to iatrogenic Cushing’s disease with long-term use.
What are topical antifungal ointments used for?
Topical antifungal ointments are used to treat superficial fungal infections in animals.
What are essential fatty acids?
Essential fatty acids are fatty acids that must be supplied by food and are important for controlling itchy skin.
What is tretinoin used for?
Tretinoin (Retin-A) is a topical treatment useful for severe chin acne in cats and some rare skin conditions in dogs.
What are the four stages of wound healing?
The four stages of wound healing are inflammation, infection clearance, collagen production, and remodeling.
What factors can affect wound healing?
Factors include infection, improper nutrition, repeated trauma, size, location, and seriousness of the wound.
What is proud flesh?
Proud flesh is an excessive production of granulation tissue that occurs in healing wounds, particularly in horses.
What are liniments used for in horses?
Liniments are topical agents used to treat soreness and stiffness of muscles in horses.
How do counterirritants work?
Counterirritants cause damage to the skin surrounding an injury, promoting blood flow and healing to the original injury.
