Ovarian Cancer Flashcards
(40 cards)
What are the 4 types of ovarian cancers
epithelial (90%)
germ cell
sex cord stromal
metastatic
Smx of ovarian CA
asmx in early stages
vague and pain, bloating, distension, early satiey in later stages
what is the etiology of ovarian CA
chronic, uninterrupted ovulation –> inc cellualr repair –> inc opportunities for gene deletion/mutation
what is the ovarian tumor marker used for testing tx response and recurrance but not for screening or dx
CA-125
risk factors for ovarian cancer
family history (#1)
familial ovarian cancer syndrome (BRCA, HNPCC/Lynch II)
uninterrupted ovulation (nulliparity, infertility, early menarch, late menopause)
protective factors against ovarian cancers
OCPs
multiparity
breastfeeding
chroninc anovulation
suspect ovarian cancer, next steps?
pelvic US –> staging
differentiate between stages:
Ia Ib Ic IIa IIb IIc IIIa IIIb IIIc IV
Ia : one ovary
Ib : 2 ovaries
Ic : + ovarian surface tumor, ruptures capsule, malignant ascities, peritoneal cytology +
IIa : invades FT or uterus
IIb : invaides other pelvic tissue
IIc : + ovarian surface tumor, ruptures capsule, malignant ascities, peritoneal cytology +
IIIa : abd peritoneal met+, < 2cm
IIIb : abd peritoneal met+, > 2cm
IIIc : pelvic/paraaortic/inguinal LN+
IV : distal mets
Treatemt specific for
- epithelial ovarian cancer
- germ cell
- sex cord stromal
- epithelial ovarian cancer: surgery (TAHBSO, omentectomy, pelvic/paraaortic LNectomy, carboplatin/pacltaxel)
- germ cell : USO + BEP (bleomycin, etopside, cisplatin)
- sex cord stromal : USO only
what is carcinomatous ileus
*complication of ovarian cancer
intraperitoneal tumor spread –> ascities and bowel encasement –> intermittent bowel obstruction
what is a sister-mary-joseph nodeule
ovarian cancer met to umbillicus
what is pseudomyxoma peritonei
*complication of ovarian cancer
“jelly belly” assc with appendiceal carcinoma and mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
caused by cancerous cells (mucinous adenocarcinoma) that produce abundant mucin or gelatinous ascites.[1] The tumors cause fibrosis of tissues and impede digestion or organ function, and if left untreated, the tumors and mucin they produce will fill the abdominal cavity. This will result in compression of organs and will destroy the function of colon, small intestine, stomach, or other organs. Prognosis with treatment in many cases optimistic,[2] but the disease is lethal if untreated, with death by cachexia, bowel obstruction, or other types of complications.
What is Meigs syndrome?
*complication of ovarian cancer
triad of ascites, pleural effusion and benign ovarian tumor (fibroma, Brenner tumour and occasionally granulosa cell tumour). It resolves after the resection of the tumor.
What is latzko triad?
pain, profuse watery d/c, pelvic mass, assc with fallopian tube adenocarconoma
What type of ovarian tumor can cause precocious puberty
granulosa cell tumor
at what stage is epithelial ovarian cancer found?
III+ (bc is it asmx)
MC type of epithelial cancer
serous cystadenocarcinoma
bilateral ovarian tumor lined with fallopian tube like epithelium
serous cystadenoma
type of epithelial tumor
bilateral ovarian tumor with psamomma bodies on histologyuy
serous (papillary) cystadenocarcinoma
type of epithelial tumor
multilocular cyst lined w/ mucous secreting epithelium
mucinous cystadenoma
type of epithelial tumor
pseudomyxoma peritonei is assc with what type of ovarian tumor
mucinous adenocarcinoma
type of epithelial tumor
type of ovarian tumor that resembles endometrial cancer and had good px
endometrioid carcinoma
type of epithelial tumor
ovarian tumor with masses of glycogen-filled clear cells
clear cell carcinoma
**good prognosis
benign, ovarian tumor that resembles bladder (transitional epithelium)
Brenner tumor
type of epithelial tumor
