overview

Question 1

neurones receive information via?

Answer 1

synapses

Question 2

other type of cell, which are more numerous than neurones?

Answer 2

glial cell

Question 3

4 types of glial cell

Answer 3

astrocytes
oligodendrocytes
microglia
ependymal cells

Question 4

star shaped cells which have role in support, maintaining the blood brain barrier?

Answer 4

astrocytes

Question 5

where do oligodendrocytes produce myelin?

Answer 5

in the CNS, NOT the PNS

Question 6

what are microglia?

Answer 6

antigen presenting/phagocytic cells of the brain

Question 7

microglia: macrophages of the brain

Answer 7

appearance similar to a macrophage

Question 8

Ciliated cuboidal/columnar epithelium that lines the ventricles?

Answer 8

ependymal cells

Question 9

ependymal (polyvinal lining)

Answer 9

y

Question 10

BLOOD VESSEL that supplies the back of the brain

Answer 10

basilar @ back

Question 11

the dural venous sinuses drain into the?

Answer 11

internal jugular vein

Question 12

how many pairs of spinal nerves arise from spinal cord?

Answer 12

31

Question 13

spinal cord terminates in a cone shape known as the ?

Answer 13

conus medullaris

Question 14

The spinal cord is suspended in the canal by a ribbon of tissue on the lateral aspects of the cord called the

Answer 14

denticulate ligament (down the sides)

Question 15

COLOUR OF THE OUTER LAYER AND INNER LAYER OF THE SPINE

Answer 15

outer layer is grey, with a white h shape inside (opposite of brain)

Question 16

white matter in the spinal cord is split into fascicle. what are they?

Answer 16

anterior, posterior and lateral fasciculi

Question 17

at which spinal segments do sympathetic nerves emerge?

Answer 17

T1-L2

Question 18

what does the lateral horn contain ?

Answer 18

preganglionic sympathetic neurons

Question 19

Unlike the dura in the cranial cavity, which is attached to the periosteum, what is the difference in the spine?

Answer 19

there is a space between the dura and the bone, termed the epidural space, which contains adipose tissue and the anterior and posterior epidural venus plexuses

Question 20

in which areas is the cord larger?

Answer 20

cervical and lumbar regions

Question 21

what does the spinothalamic tract carry?

Answer 21

pain, temperature and deep pressure

Question 22

what tract is responsible for Fine, precise movement, particularly of distal limb muscles (e.g. digits)

Answer 22

corticospinal

Question 23

what is the corticospinal tract also known as?

Answer 23

pyramidal tract (c for cairo)

Question 24

About 85% of fibres in CST cross where?

Answer 24

decussation of the pyramids

Question 25

in the pyramidal tract, 85% of fibres cross at the decussation of the pyramids. which part of the brain is this in?

Answer 25

medulla

Question 26

There are a number of motor systems outside of the pyramidal tract and these are often referred to collectively as the?

Answer 26

extrapyramidal system

Question 27

what tract is thought to mediate reflex head and neck movement due to visual stimuli?

Answer 27

tectospinal tract (technical)

Question 28

In general: Fibres originating in pons facilitate?

Answer 28

extensor movement (expanding belly)

Question 29

fibres originating in the medulla ?

Answer 29

facilitate flexor movements, inhibit extensor

Question 30

vestibulospinal tract- excitatory input to?

Answer 30

anti gravity extendor muscles