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Question 1

name all of the energy types

Answer 1

magnetic, kinetic, heat, light, gravitational potential, chemical, sound, elastic potential, electrical, nuclear

(most kids hate learning g c s e energy names)

Question 2

what is the law of conservation of energy?

Answer 2

energy can be transferred or dissipated. it can not be created or destroyed.

Question 3

what is work done?

Answer 3

work is defined as the amount of force needed to move an object a certain distance

it is measure of an energy transferred to or from an object which allows it to be moved

Question 4

what’s the equation for work done?

Answer 4

w = f x s

w - work done ( J, joules or newton -metres, Nm)
f - force (N, newtons)
s - distance (metres,m)

Question 5

what’s the equation for gravitational potential energy?

Answer 5

Ep = mgh

Ep - GPE
m - mass (kg)
g - gravitational field strength (9.8N/kg on earth)
h - height (m)

Question 6

what’s the equation for kinetic energy?

Answer 6

Ek = 1/2mv^2

Ek - kinetic energy (joules J)
m - mass (kg)
v - velocity (m/s)

Question 7

what’s the steps to follow when doing an equation?

Answer 7

1. find variables
2. choose equation
3. check units
4. substitute

Question 8

what’s the relation between GPE and Ek

Answer 8

if an object goes straight up into the air Ek is converted to GPE

in science we assume that this energy transfer is 100% efficient

the opposite would be true for an object falling to the floor

Question 9

F = ke

Answer 9

Force(N) = spring constant (Nm) x extension (m)

Question 10

what’s the equation for elastic potential?

Answer 10

Ee = 1/2ke^2

Ee - elastic potential energy (J)
k - spring constant (Nm)
e - extension/ compression (m)

Question 11

what is power?

Answer 11

power is the amount of energy transferred (work done) by an object per unit of time

Question 12

what’s the equation for power?

Answer 12

power = energy/ time

power - watts (W)
energy - (J)
time (seconds, s)

Question 13

what happens to the energy wasted in a lightbulb

Answer 13

it’s transferred to surroundings by heating

Question 14

why is it useful to have both a wind turbine and a fossil fuel generator 2 reasons

Answer 14

sometimes there’s no wind

when there is wind less fuel is burned

Question 15

what is a non renewable energy resource

Answer 15

an energy resource that can’t be replenished as it’s used

Question 16

why does the temperature of a heater change quickest after the heater is switched off

Answer 16

there is a bigger temperature difference between the water and the surrounding air so the transfer of energy is faster

Question 17

why would fitting an insulating jacket to heater be beneficial

Answer 17

water stays hot for longer

so heater is on for less time

so cost of jacket can soon be recovered from

Question 18

name all the non renewable energy resources

Answer 18

• oil
• coal
• natural gas
• nuclear

Question 19

name the 6 renewable energy resources

Answer 19

• tidal energy
• solar energy
• wind energy
• geothermal energy
• biomass energy
• hydroelectric energy

Question 20

name the energy transfer or tidal barrage

Answer 20

kinetic to electrical
(water is trapped as tide comes in. turbines spin)

Question 21

name the energy transfer of hydroelectric dams

Answer 21

gravitational potential energy to electrical

Question 22

name two disadvantages of nuclear energy

Answer 22

1. produces harmful radioactive waste that needs to be buried for a long time
2. high cost of commissioning and decommissioning

Question 23

what is u - value

Answer 23

how effective a material is as an insulator

Question 24

how is the u value of a house affected by increasing the amount of insulation?

Answer 24

u-value decreases

Question 25

name four advantages of nuclear energy

Answer 25

1. no carbon dioxide so does not contribute to GHE 2. no sulphur dioxide produced so does not contribute to acid rain 3. reliable 4. more energy produced than the same mass of fossil fuels

Question 26

four advantages of solar energy

Answer 26

1. renewable 2. no carbon dioxide produced so does not contribute to the GHE 3. no sulphur dioxide produced so does not contribute to acid rain 4. no fuel cost

Question 27

name one disadvantage of solar energy

Answer 27

unreliable - doesn’t work when it’s cloudy or at night

Question 28

name four advantages of wind energy

Answer 28

1. renewable 2. no carbon dioxide so does not contribute to GHE 3. no sulphur dioxide produced so does not contribute to acid rain 4. no fuel cost

Question 29

name three disadvantages of wind energy

Answer 29

1. unreliable - wind does not always blow so electricity is not always produced 2. noise and visual pollution 3. takes up a lot of land

Question 30

name three advantages of biomass energy

Answer 30

1. renewable 2. a way of disposing waste 3. carbon neutral - carbon dioxide produced is balanced by carbon dioxide absorbed whilst producing it

Question 31

name a disadvantage of biomass energy

Answer 31

takes up a lot of land and consumes resources that are needed for food production

Question 32

name four advantages of geothermal energy

Answer 32

1. renewable 2. no carbon dioxide so does not contribute to GHE 3. no sulphur dioxide produced so does not contribute to acid rain 4. no fuel cost

Question 33

name four advantages of hydroelectric energy

Answer 33

1. renewable 2. no carbon dioxide so does not contribute to GHE 3. no sulphur dioxide produced so does not contribute to acid rain 4. no fuel cost

Question 34

name two disadvantages of geothermal energy

Answer 34

1. expensive to drill underground to reach hot rocks 2. power stations can only be built near natural hot springs

Question 35

name three disadvantages of hydroelectric energy

Answer 35

1. expensive to build dams / reservoirs 2. destroys habitats 3. can lead to flooding

Question 36

name five advantages of tidal energy

Answer 36

1. renewable 2. no carbon dioxide so does not contribute to GHE 3. no sulphur dioxide produced so does not contribute to acid rain 4. no fuel cost 5. reliable - tide does not depend on weather

Question 37

name a disadvantage of tidal energy

Answer 37

destroys aquatic habitats and kills aquatic animals

Question 38

give two advantages of using a data logger and temperature probes over a thermometer

Answer 38

1. higher resolution 2. reduced risk of misreading the instrument

Question 39

give two reasons why it would not be economical to connect houses in a mountainous area to the national grid

Answer 39

1. high cost of installing overheard power lines or underground cables or pylons 2. high cost as very long cables are needed

Question 40

when would a thermometer be better to use over a temperature probe and data logger?

Answer 40

when you only need to measure the start and end temperature

Question 41

what does energy efficient mean?

Answer 41

a higher proportion of the total energy input is usefully transferred

Question 42

how would cycling uphill affect the maximum speed of the cyclist. explain why (3)

Answer 42

- maximum speed of cyclist decreases - because maximum power output of cyclist is constant - but additional work is done against gravity/ gravitational potential energy of cyclist increases