P1 - CSF, Vascular Supply

Question 1

Flow of CSF

Answer 1

lateral ventricles > interventricular foramina > 3rd ventricle > cerebral aqueduct > 4th ventricle > foramen of Luschka + foramen of Magendie > subarachnoid space of brain + spinal cord

Question 2

Internal Carotid Artery

Answer 2

• supplies cerebrum, choroid plexus, thalamus
• anterior circulation of brain
• gives rise to ACA + MCA

Question 3

Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA)

Answer 3

supplies frontal lobe, parietal lobe, corpus callosum, cingulate gyrus, visual pathway, pre + post central gyrus

Question 4

Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA)

Answer 4

supplies temporal lobe, parietal lobe, some frontal lobe, some occipital lobe, internal capsule, caudate nucleus, pre + post central gyrus, insula

Question 5

Anterior Communicating Artery

Answer 5

joins two ACA together

Question 6

Posterior Communicating Artery

Answer 6

• supplies internal capsule, mammillary bodies, optic chiasm, 3rd ventricle
• connects internal carotid a. to PCA

Question 7

Vertebral Artery

Answer 7

• supplies occipital lobe, inferior temporal lobes, brain stem, cerebellar region, spinal cord
• posterior circulation of brain
• comes together to form basilar a.
• branches = PICA, anterior + posterior spinal a.

Question 8

Basilar Artery

Answer 8

• posterior circulation of brain
• gives rise to AICA, PCA, superior cerebellar a., pontine a.

Question 9

Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA)

Answer 9

supplies medulla, cerebellum

Question 10

Anterior Spinal Artery

Answer 10

supplies anterior 2/3 of spinal cord, medulla

Question 11

Posterior Spinal Artery

Answer 11

supplies posterior 1/3 of spinal cord, medulla

Question 12

Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (AICA)

Answer 12

supplies pons, cerebellum

Question 13

Posterior Cerebral Artery (PCA)

Answer 13

supplies midbrain, thalamus, occipital lobe, temporal lobe, bottom part of pre + post central gyrus, choroid plexus

Question 14

Superior Cerebellar Artery

Answer 14

supplies superior cerebellum

Question 15

Pontine Artery

Answer 15

supplies pons

Question 16

If blood clot blocks ACA …

Answer 16

hemiplegia/hemisensory loss in contralateral LE, personality changes

Question 17

If blood clot blocks MCA …

Answer 17

• hemiplegia/hemisensory loss in contralateral UE, trunk, and face
• L side > language problems (aphasia)
• R side > difficulty understanding spatial relationships and nonverbal communication, hemi neglect

Question 18

If blood clot blocks PCA …

Answer 18

declarative memory, pain, contralateral hemiparesis/hemisensory loss, eye movements, cortical blindness

Question 19

If blood clot blocks vertebral artery …

Answer 19

head and neck pain, oculomotor abnormalities, death, abnormal levels of consciousness, ataxia, weakness, numbness, dizziness, headache, vomiting

Question 20

If blood clot blocks anterior spinal artery …

Answer 20

paralysis, bilateral quadriplegia, autonomic dysfunction, loss of pain + temperature

Question 21

If blood clot blocks basilar artery …

Answer 21

death, tetraplegia, numbness, loss of consciousness, cranial nerve damage, locked-in syndrome

Question 22

Sinus

Answer 22

spaces w/in dural projections that reabsorb CSF and return CSF and venous blood to jugular veins

Question 23

Confluence

Answer 23

• intersection of falx cerebri + tentorium cerebelli of dura mater
• where most sinuses drain into
• drains from great cerebral vein of Galen > straight sinus > confluence
• drains to transverse sinus > sigmoid sinus > internal jugular veins