Pain III

Question 1

What are the 2 componenents of pain

Answer 1

sensory-discriminative and emotional

Question 2

How is prefrontal cortex involved in pain

Answer 2

cognitive aspects of pain percieved here

Question 3

what role does anterior cingulate cortex have in pain

Answer 3

paying attention to pain

Question 4

what roles does amygdala have in pain

Answer 4

fear, assign negative contex tto pain

Question 5

how is hippocampus associated with pain

Answer 5

memory o fpain

Question 6

insula

Answer 6

relay station to the limbic system and to the hypothalamus

Question 7

when is anterior cingulate cortex active

Answer 7

perception of pain
imagining pain
observation of pain in others

Question 8

when does gating mechanism close

Answer 8

in response to normal stimulation of fast conductivity large nerve fibers (a-beta)

Question 9

when does gating mechanism open

Answer 9

slow conduction pain fibers (A delta and C fibers)

Question 10

C fiber affect on inhibitory interneurons

Answer 10

inhibit inhibitory interneurons

activate secondary afferents

Question 11

A bea affect on inhibiotry interneurons

Answer 11

activate inhibitory interneurons

Question 12

What happens when C fibers inhibit inhibitory interneurons

Answer 12

activation of secondary afferents and transmissino of pain signal

Question 13

what happens when A beta fibers acitivate inhibitory internerous

Answer 13

inhibition of secondary afferent and transmission of pain signaal

Question 14

compeition between A beta and C fibers work to do what

Answer 14

decrease initial pain response

Question 15

Sites of action for pain

Answer 15

periaquductal gray
rostral ventral medulla
locus-coerulues

Question 16

how is pain moducated in periaquductral gray

Answer 16

activate enkephalin-releasing neurons that project to raphe nuclei in brainstem

Question 17

what is analgesia in ventralateral PAG blocked by

Answer 17

naloxone

Question 18

response to pain modulation in ventrolateral PAG

Answer 18

analgesia
decrease bp and HR
vasodilation of skeletal muscle and viscera
immobility

Question 19

hwo does ventrolateral pain modulcation affect ANS

Answer 19

sympathetic inhibition

Question 20

response to pain modulation in dorsal PG

Answer 20

decrease bp
increase hr
vasocontristion of skin and versia
increase muscle tone
aversive behavior

Question 21

how does dorsal pain modulation affect ANS

Answer 21

sympathetic excitation

Question 22

what are common pain types

Answer 22

chronic
referred
projected
neuropathic

Question 23

reflective (referred) pain

Answer 23

percieved at location other than site of painful stimulus

Question 24

convergence

Answer 24

somatic and viscersal pain fibers on secondary afferents in dorsal horn

Question 25

projeced pain provides evidence to support wah tthroy

Answer 25

labeled line theory of sensory processing

Question 26

what does phantom pain occur due to

Answer 26

neuroplasticity and reorganization

Question 27

caudalagia

Answer 27

continuous burning pain long after seemingly trivial injuries

Question 28

how do you treat reflex sympathetic dystrophy

Answer 28

sympathetic or sympathetic nerve block