Paper 1 Flashcards
Why use graphite (carbon) for electrodes in electrolysis
Good conductor of electricity
Inert
Cheap
Why 100% percentage yield isn’t always achieved e.g in electrolysis
Side reactions
Some product left in reaction vessel/ on cathode if metal in electrolysis
Why can graphene conduct electricity
Delocalised electrons move across its surface (not through it as there’s only 1 layer)
What is Buckminsterfullerene
A fullerene (allotrope) of carbon made up of 60 carbon atoms joined together in hexagonal rings forming a hollow sphere
Why buckminsterfullerene is slippery and has low melting point
Weak intermolecular forces between each molecule require little energy to break and overcome (each molecule can roll over one another)
What is a nanotube
Thin layer of graphene rolled into cylinder
Properties of nanotube
High surface area to volume ratio
Conducts electricity
High tensile strength (stay strong when a force is exerted on them)
Why polymers have a relatively high melting point
Polymers have large molecules
Relatively Strong intermolecular forces acting between polymer molecules require lots of energy to break and overcome
What are fullerenes
Molecules of carbon atoms with hollow shapes
Risks of nanoparticles
Toxic substances can bind to them and enter the body
They can accumulate in the lungs if humans causing damage
Can catalyse harmful reactions in body
Describe plum pudding model
Solid sphere (ball) of positive charge
Negatively charged electrons embedded in it
Why Mendeleev’s periodic table wasn’t fully correct
Due to isotopes, order of atomic weights weren’t always correct
Alkali vs base
Alkali are bases that dissolve in water
Not all bases dissolve in water
Why universal indicator isn’t appropriate for titration
Only shows gradual colour change so exact end point can’t be determined
Empirical formula meaning
Simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound
