Paper 1 Case Studies

Question 1

What was the magnitude of the Haiti Earthquake (2010)?

Answer 1

Magnitude 7.0.

Question 2

What type of plate boundary caused the Haiti Earthquake (2010)?

Answer 2

Conservative boundary (Caribbean & North American).

Question 3

What was the focus of the Haiti Earthquake (2010)?

Answer 3

Shallow focus.

Question 4

How many deaths occurred during the Haiti Earthquake (2010)?

Answer 4

230,000+ deaths.

Question 5

How many people were made homeless by the Haiti Earthquake (2010)?

Answer 5

1.5 million homeless.

Question 6

What disease outbreak followed the Haiti Earthquake (2010)?

Answer 6

300,000 cases of Cholera

Question 7

What was a key vulnerability that worsened the impact of the Haiti Earthquake (2010)?

Answer 7

Poor infrastructure and slow aid.

Question 8

Who was most involved in the response to the Haiti Earthquake (2010)?

Answer 8

Non-governmental organizations (NGOs).

Question 9

What was the magnitude of the Sichuan Earthquake (2008)?

Answer 9

Magnitude 7.9.

Question 10

What type of plate boundary caused the Sichuan Earthquake (2008)?

Answer 10

Collision boundary (Indian & Eurasian).

Question 11

How many deaths occurred during the Sichuan Earthquake (2008)?

Answer 11

87,000+ deaths.

Question 12

How much damage did the Sichuan Earthquake (2008) cause?

Answer 12

$86 billion in damage.

Question 13

How many troops were mobilized in response to the Sichuan Earthquake (2008)?

Answer 13

130,000 troops.

Question 14

How much was allocated for the rebuilding fund after the Sichuan Earthquake (2008)?

Answer 14

$10 billion.

Question 15

What improvement was made to building standards after the Sichuan Earthquake (2008)?

Answer 15

Improved building codes.

Question 16

What was the magnitude of the Japan Earthquake & Tsunami (2011)?

Answer 16

Magnitude 9.0.

Question 17

What type of plate boundary caused the Japan Earthquake & Tsunami (2011)?

Answer 17

Subduction zone (Pacific under North American).

Question 18

How many deaths occurred during the Japan Earthquake & Tsunami (2011)?

Answer 18

20,000 deaths.

Question 19

Which nuclear power plant experienced a meltdown during the Japan Earthquake & Tsunami (2011)?

Answer 19

Fukushima nuclear power plant.

Question 20

How much damage was caused by the Japan Earthquake & Tsunami (2011)?

Answer 20

$235 billion in damage.

Question 21

What early warning system was implemented following the Japan Earthquake & Tsunami (2011)?

Answer 21

1-minute early warning system.

Question 22

What infrastructure was strengthened after the Japan Earthquake & Tsunami (2011)?

Answer 22

New sea walls.

Question 23

What was the magnitude of the Indian Ocean Tsunami (2004)?

Answer 23

Magnitude 9.1–9.3.

Question 24

What caused the Indian Ocean Tsunami (2004)?

Answer 24

Undersea earthquake.

Question 25

How many deaths occurred due to the Indian Ocean Tsunami (2004)?

Answer 25

230,000 deaths across 14 countries.

Question 26

How much aid was provided following the Indian Ocean Tsunami (2004)?

Answer 26

$14 billion in aid.

Question 27

What system was installed after the Indian Ocean Tsunami (2004) to warn about future tsunamis?

Answer 27

A tsunami warning system.

Question 28

What type of volcano caused the Nevado del Ruiz eruption (1985)?

Answer 28

Subduction volcano.

Question 29

What natural phenomenon triggered the lahars during the Nevado del Ruiz eruption (1985)?

Answer 29

Glacier melt.

Question 30

How many deaths occurred during the Nevado del Ruiz eruption (1985)?

Answer 30

23,000+ deaths.

Question 31

What town was buried by the lahar from the Nevado del Ruiz eruption (1985)?

Answer 31

Armero.

Question 32

What was ignored prior to the Nevado del Ruiz eruption (1985)?

Answer 32

Warnings were ignored.

Question 33

What was improved after the Nevado del Ruiz eruption (1985)?

Answer 33

Monitoring systems.

Question 34

What type of volcano caused the Montserrat eruption (1995–97)?

Answer 34

Subduction zone volcano.

Question 35

What volcanic hazard occurred during the Montserrat eruption (1995–97)?

Answer 35

Pyroclastic flows.

Question 36

How many deaths occurred during the Montserrat eruption (1995–97)?

Answer 36

19 deaths.

Question 37

What percentage of the population was displaced due to the Montserrat eruption (1995–97)?

Answer 37

50% of the population displaced.

Question 38

What aid was provided to Montserrat during the eruption (1995–97)?

Answer 38

UK aid. three-year $122.8 million aid program

Question 39

What exclusion measure was implemented on Montserrat after the eruption (1995–97)?

Answer 39

Exclusion zones.

Question 40

What monitoring system was set up on Montserrat after the eruption (1995–97)?

Answer 40

A volcanic observatory.

Question 41

What type of plate boundary caused the Eyjafjallajökull eruption (2010)?

Answer 41

Divergent boundary eruption under a glacier.

Question 42

How many flights were cancelled due to the Eyjafjallajökull eruption (2010)?

Answer 42

100,000 flights cancelled.

Question 43

How much was the global financial loss due to the Eyjafjallajökull eruption (2010)?

Answer 43

$1.7 billion in global losses.

Question 44

What changes were made in airspace regulation after the Eyjafjallajökull eruption (2010)?

Answer 44

Airspace regulation reforms.

Question 45

What monitoring system was set up in Iceland after the Eyjafjallajökull eruption (2010)?

Answer 45

Iceland monitoring system.

Question 46

What hazards affect the Philippines?

Answer 46

Volcanoes, earthquakes, typhoons, landslides.

Question 47

What factors increase the vulnerability of the Philippines to natural hazards?

Answer 47

Urban density and poverty.

Question 48

What coastal management method is used at Bacton?

Answer 48

£22 million of sandscaping.

Question 49

What coastal management methods are used at Borth?

Answer 49

Breakwater armours & groynes, £29 million

Question 50

What coastal management method is used at Steart Marshes?

Answer 50

Managed realignment.

Question 51

How much was invested in flood defences at Rossall?

Answer 51

£63 million protecting 7500 properties

Question 52

What method of coastal protection is used in Odisha?

Answer 52

Mangrove restoration.

Question 53

What coastal protection measure is used at the Blackwater Estuary?

Answer 53

Salt marshes for flood and carbon storage.

Question 54

What storm surge defence exists on the Thames?

Answer 54

Thames Barrier.

Question 55

What is planned for the Thames Barrier by 2070?

Answer 55

An upgrade.

Question 56

What caused the water conflict in Bolivia?

Answer 56

A 35–100% rise in water bills.

Question 57

What water conflict is occurring around the Tigris-Euphrates rivers?

Answer 57

Turkey’s GAP reduces Syria/Iraq flow by 50%.

Question 58

What water conflict exists over the Nile River?

Answer 58

Ethiopia's GERD brings tension as Egypt uses 95% of the flow of the Nile

Question 59

How much water does Israel desalinate?

Answer 59

70% of its water.

Question 60

How much water does China’s South-North Transfer project provide annually?

Answer 60

45 billion cubic meters.

Question 61

What water management strategy does Singapore use?

Answer 61

Recycles 40% of wastewater with a 4-Tap strategy.

Question 62

How much of the EU’s gas supply was lost due to the Russia-Ukraine conflict?

Answer 62

40% of gas.

Question 63

What percentage of the UK’s energy comes from renewables?

Answer 63

42% renewables.

Question 64

What percentage of Norway’s energy comes from hydro?

Answer 64

98% hydro.

Question 65

What is the energy source for the USA, Saudi Arabia, and China?

Answer 65

Fossil fuels (shale, oil, coal).

Question 66

What percentage of France’s energy comes from nuclear power?

Answer 66

70% nuclear.

Question 67

What energy sources are major in Germany and Brazil?

Answer 67

Wind and solar (Germany), Hydro (Brazil).

Question 68

How much of the world’s oil does OPEC control?

Answer 68

40% of global oil.

Question 69

What percentage of Denmark’s energy comes from wind?

Answer 69

50% wind.

Question 70

What energy company is prominent in Russia and other countries?

Answer 70

Gazprom.

Question 71

How much land has been lost in Indonesia due to deforestation?

Answer 71

2.6 million hectares.

Question 72

What is China’s goal for land restoration by 2050?

Answer 72

88 million acres for the Green Wall project.

Question 73

What percentage of desertification is occurring in China?

Answer 73

27% desertification.

Question 74

How much CO₂ is captured annually by Canada’s Boundary Dam?

Answer 74

1 million tonnes per year.

Question 75

How much land was planted with trees for afforestation in China?

Answer 75

35 million hectares.

Question 76

What adaptation method is used in Israel’s farms?

Answer 76

75% use drip irrigation.

Question 77

How much did the Netherlands invest in Delta Works flood defences?

Answer 77

€5 billion.