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VMS 2003 > Parasitic Skin Disease I > Flashcards

Parasitic Skin Disease I Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two different types of Endoparasites?

A
  • Protozoa
  • Helminths
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2
Q

What are the two different components of arthropods

A

Arachnids and Insects

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3
Q

What are the 4 types of Insects?

A
  • Flies (Diptera)
  • Anoplura (Sucking Lice)
  • Mallophaga (chewing or biting lice)
  • Fleas (Siphonaptera)
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4
Q

What does metameric mean?

A

divided into segments

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5
Q

What are five features of arthropods?

A
  • Metameric
  • Contains over 80% of all known animal species
  • Possess a hard chitinous exoskeleton and moults during development
  • Segmented body and jointed limbs
  • Separate sexes so mating is required
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6
Q

What is a nymph?

A

The immature form of an insect, looks like the adult but smaller

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7
Q

What is larva?

A

Immature form of an insect but with a different morphology

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8
Q

What is the difference between soft and hard ticks in the life cycle?

A

Hard ticks molt from a nymph to an adult and always feed on blood
Soft ticks can molt from a nymph to another nypmh and dont always feed on blood as adults

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9
Q

How long does the full mite lifecycle take approximately?

A

Around 2-3 weeks

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10
Q

What are some examples of Burrowing Mites?

A

Sarcoptes, Demodex, Notoedres

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11
Q

What are some examples of non-burrowing mites?

A

Psoroptes, Chorioptes, Otodectes

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12
Q

What type of mites have shorter legs?

A

Burrowing

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13
Q

List 5 key facts about sarcoptes scabei

A
  • Burrowing Mite
  • Can affect all domestic animals and humans (is therefore zoonotic)
  • The female adult mates and then digs into the epidermis
  • Lays 2-4 eggs a day
  • Causes sarcoptic Mange
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14
Q

List 5 key facts about sarcoptic mange

A
  • Transmitted via close contact
  • caused by the burrowing damage of mites plus the release on antigenic substances in mite saliva/faeces
  • Causes intense itching and self-inflicted trauma/ pruritus
  • Can cause hide damage in production animals
  • Welfare issue
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15
Q

List 6 key facts about Demodex

A
  • Burrowing Mite
  • Cigar shaped with 8 legs
  • Lives in the hair follicles and sebaceous glands of the skin
  • Lifecycle usually takes around 3 weeks
  • Usually a harmless commensal of the skin
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16
Q

What is the name of the mite that causes demodecosis?

A

Demodex

17
Q

List 5 key facts about demodecosis

A
  • Also called demodectic mange
  • can lead to generalised demodicosis
  • itchy if the mite numbers are high
  • Can look like a localised area of alopecia
  • Usually goes along with generalised disease
18
Q

What type of mite is psoroptes ovis and what does it cause?

A

Non-Burrowing Mite that causes sheep scab

19
Q

List 5 key facts about psoroptes ovis

A
  • The mouthparts abrade the skin
  • Intense itching and wool loss (sheep scab)
  • Can be fatal if left untrested
  • Notifiable disease in scotland
  • Not Zoonotic
20
Q

List 5 key facts about Chorioptes bovis

A
  • Causes localised or generalised mange
  • Most common in cattle and horses
  • Non-Burrowing Mite
  • Highland cattle are the most prone
  • It is less pathogenic than psoroptes
21
Q

List 5 key facts about Otodectes cyanotis

A
  • Non-Burrowing Mite
  • Mainly in Cats and Dogs
  • Very Common
  • Inhabits deep inside the ear canal
  • Produces a dark dry discharge from inside the ears and causes itching
22
Q

List 5 key facts about Cheyletiella

A
  • Non-burrowing Mite
  • Common in Rabbits, Cats and dogs
  • Causes Excessive scale and slight itchiness
  • Very Motile/ can walk
  • Zoonotic
23
Q

List 5 key facts about Dermanyssus spp.

A
  • Non-Burrowing
  • Red Mite of poultry
  • Blood feeders (they are grey before feeding)
  • The eggs are laid off the host, they have a short lifecycle
  • Can Bite Humans
24
Q
A
24
Q

What kind of ecotoparasites are hard ticks?

temporaryor non temporary

A

Temporary, this means they drop off and live in the environment

25
Q

During what seasons are hard ticks active and inactive?

A

They are usually inactive in the winter, they increase activity in the spring and early summer so they can feed
activity then reduces in the peak summer and there is a second peak of activity in the autumn

26
Q

What are the two most common tick species in the UK?

A
  • Ixodes ricinus
  • I.hexagonus
27
Q

What kind of climates do soft ticks tend to live in?

A

Warmer/ More tropical climates

28
Q

When are soft ticks mostly active?

A

They are mostly active at night

29
Q

Name 5 acaricides for mite and tick treatment

A
  • Moxidectin
  • Fipronil
  • Amitraz
  • Afoxolaner
  • Flumethrin

VMS 2003 (22 decks)

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