Peritoneal Cavity Immunity Flashcards
(31 cards)
What is the peritoneal cavity?
abdominal cavity lined by the peritoneum
What are the three purposes of the peritoneum?
- To provide a frictionless surface over which viscera can move
- Site of fluid transport
- Site of fat storage
What cells line the peritoneum?
A layer of mesothelial cells
What is the retroperitoneum?
Compartmentalised space in the abdomen located behind the peritoneum
What is the function of the omenta?
- It connects the stomach to other organs or the body wall
- Blood supply to metastatic tumours
What is important about omenta in horses?
Horses have a small omenta, so are less able to wall off peritoneal infections
What is the mesentry?
double fold of peritoneal tissue that suspends the small intestine and large intestine from the posterior abdominal wall
What is Ascites?
Excess fluid in the peritoneal cavity
What causes hypoproteinaemia?
- Heart disease
- Liver failure
- Renal failure
What causes protein-losing enteropathy?
- Johne’s disease
- Lymphangiectasia
What is haemoperitoneum?
- Traumatic injury to a vessel or organ
- Ruptured tumour
- Anticoagulants
When is the liver particularly prone to rupture?
When infiltrated by fat or amyloid
What is the dry form of FIP?
pyogranulomatous vasculitis
What is the wet form of FIP?
High-Protein Effusion in body cavities with fibrin deposition
What is ferret systemic coronaviral disease?
- Resembles the dry form of FIP
- Usually found in young ferrets
- Multisystemic
- Pyogranulomatous/ Granulomatous inflammation
- Vasculitis
Name three things that may cause bacterial peritonitis
- Vascular spread
- Perforated organs
- Foreign Bodies
What usually causes mechanical peritonitis
Hardware disease
What usually causes gastric dilation and rupture in horses?
Ingestion of fermentable feeds or grain
What usually causes gastric dilation/ rupture in cattle?
Grain overload with lactic acidosis
What does gastric dilation usually look like antemortem?
haemorrhage and inflammation
What is bile peritonitis?
Rupture of the gallbladder or major bile ducts
yellow-green staining of the visceral/ parietal peritoneal surfaces
What is pneumoperitoneum?
Air or gas in the abdominal cavity
What is pneumoperitoneum usually secondary to?
Perforation of the GI/ Reproductive tracts
What may cause traumatic pneumoperitoneum?
- Projectiles
- Vehicle trauma
- Penetrating wounds
