parenting style

Question 1

Describe the four parenting styles, using the key attributes warmth and control.

Answer 1

Authoritative: high warmth, high control
Authoritarian: low warmth, high control
Permissive: High warmth, low control
Uninvolved: low warmth, low control

Question 2

Outline the outcomes associated with each type of style.

Answer 2

authoritative style consequences:
has the most positive outcomes
children are self-confident, children are self -controlled, better success in school, greater social functioning, fewer problems with the law, children given too much choice.
Authoritarian style:
Children have poorer self-reliance and self-esteem
children more likely to be unhealthy eaters
-More likely to be insecurely attached
-obese
-anxious
-angry
overtly aggressive and become smokers
-relational aggression
Permissive: poorer school performance, increased deviance, good social competence
-confident
-greater difficulties with impulse control
uninvolve:
Children do worse in every aspect

Question 3

describe how
parenting style is related to the style of one’s own parents and also to certain kinds
of stressors in life.

Answer 3

Predicted by parents’ roles in their families of origin, and certain stressors such as Poverty, employment, and divorce

Question 4

Also describe how child characteristics can influence parenting
style.

Answer 4

-Parenting of identical twins is more similar than parenting of fraternal twins
-PArenting of difficult children may become more controlling and less warm as a consequence of the challenges their child offers
-Children at genetic risk fo antisocial behaviour elicit more negative parenting than those not at risk(adoption study) , Braungart study, maternal sensitivity and subsequent mother chid bond are partially due to infant temperament

Question 5

Describe how authoritarian parenting is related to delinquency as well as many other
outcomes

Answer 5

Authoritarian parenting is related to delinquency as U.S prisons control and punish, that is exactly same as parenting style with children

Question 6

What kinds of parenting helps children? Provide specific examples rather than just
the general characteristics of authoritative parenting.

Answer 6

Induction methods: explaining things to your kids, this increases morality and cooperativeness
 Timeouts and removal of reinforcers (i.e losing access to computer) can be beneficial
 Distraction (especially for younger children) can be effective
 Modeling positive behaviours and reinforce them in children (rewarding positive behaviours)
 Ignoring some negative behaviours
 Anger management for parents
 Help kids take responsibility for their actions (punishment versus responding to consequences)
 Reasonable expectations:
o Parents often use extreme measures because they assume too much of their children
o Children are different, even within a family – have very different temperaments

Question 7

To what extent can parenting behaviour be taught and what are the long-term
outcomes of such teaching?

Answer 7

16-week discussion group on
effective parenting (children 5 years) Þ positive effects in 6-
year follow-up (school adjustment and academic achievement), it increases the maternal sensitivity and infant security