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Head and Neck > Parotid, Temporal and Infratemporal Region > Flashcards

Parotid, Temporal and Infratemporal Region Flashcards

1
Q

TRUE of parotid gland

a. 50% found in stylomandibular
b. secretion is serous and mucus
c. produce 2/3 of saliva in one day
D. not discreetly palpable in parotid bed

A

D

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2
Q

True for tumors of the parotid gland

a. benign tumors are often found in the deep lobe
b. malignant tumors don’t affect the facial nerve and does not cause paralysis
c. deep lobe tumors may manifest as a parapharnygeal mass
d. small parotid tumors are not malignant

A

C

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3
Q

Structure that is easily cut when exposing ITF using blunt chisel and mallet

A. Inferior alveolar artery
B. Inferior alveolar nerve
C. lingual nerve
D. internal maxillary artery

A

B

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4
Q

The parotid gland is encapsulated by which fascia?

A

Superficial /investing layer of the deep cervical fascia

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5
Q

Not true of the stylomandibular tunnel

A. contains 20% of the parotid gland
B. Bounded anteriorly by the posterior border of the ramus
C. Bounded posteriorly by the stylomandibular ligament
D. Contains the deep lobe of the parotid gland

A

C

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6
Q

Parasympathetic stimulation of the parotid gland?

a. Auriculotemporal nerve
b. Lesser petrossal nerve
c. Greater petrossal nerve
d. Otic ganglion

A

A

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7
Q

Found on the inferior border of the parotid gland?

a. Transverse facial artery and vein
b. Superficial temporal artery
c. Great auricular nerve
d. Retromandibular vein

A

C

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8
Q

Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the pterygoid muscle?

a. The lateral pterygoid muscle opens and protrudes the jaw
b. The superior head of the medial pterygoid muscle is bigger than the lower head
c. The medial pterygoid is oriented vertically

A

C

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9
Q

The lower head of the lateral pterygoid is attached to the:

a. Fovea of the condyle
b. TMJ ligament
c. TMJ capsule
d. Coronoid process

A

A

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10
Q

Attachment for buccinators and superior constrictor?

a. Sphenomandibular ligament
b. Pterygomandibular raphe
c. Stylomandibular ligament
d. Pharyngeal raphe

A

B

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11
Q

This ligament prevents condylar dislocation posteriorly

A. temporomandibular ligament
B. sphenomandibular ligament
C. stylomandibular ligament

A

A

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12
Q

Fracture of the mandible usually involves

A. three fractures
B. four fractures
C. just one fracture
D. two fractures

A

D

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13
Q

Enlarged if you have a small cell carcinoma at chin

A. deep cervical lymph nodes
B. superficial cervical lymph nodes
C. submental lymph nodes

A

C

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14
Q

What artery supplies the buccinator?

A. pterygopalatine part of the maxillary artery
B. mandibular part of the maxillary artery
C. pterygoid part of the maxillary artery

A

C

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15
Q

TRUE of parotid deep lobe tumor

A. usually malignant
B. usually benign
C. does not affect the facial nerve
D. none of the above

A

A

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16
Q

Which is an inferior border of the parotid gland?

A. tip of mastoid
B. upper border of the posterior belly of digastric
C. retromandibular vein
D. sternocleidomastoid

A

B

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17
Q

Which is not true of retromandibular vein?

A. branch of external jugular vein
B. outside the parotid sheath
C. lateral to the ECA
D. superior to deep cervical lymph nodes

A

B

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18
Q

Medial boundary of parotid gland

A. masseter
B. buccinators
C. lateral pterygoid
D. medial pterygoid

A

D

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19
Q

Roof/Superior border of infratemporal fossa

A. zygomatic bone
B. frontal bone
C. inferior surface of the greater wing of sphenoid
D. mandible

A

C

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20
Q

Not true about lateral pterygoid

A. developed from the first pharyngeal arch
B. one of the muscles of mastication
C. long and thick
D. involved in depression of mouth

A

C

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21
Q

Which is the incorrect pairing?

A. lateral pterygoid : horizontal orientation
B. medial pterygoid : horizontal orientation

A

B

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22
Q

Which is not a branch of the second part of the maxillary artery?

A. deep temporal arteries
B. buccal artery
C. infraorbital artery
D. pterygoid branches

A

C

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23
Q

Which is not an infratemporal vessel?

A. deep auricular artery
B. sphenopalatine artery
C. buccal artery
D. internal carotid artery

A

D

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24
Q

Cranial nerve V3 that connects with CN IX via the otic ganglion to supply ____ parasympathetic to the parotid gland.

A. buccal, presynaptic
B. buccal, postsynaptic
C. auriculo-temporal, postsynaptic
D. auriculo-temporal, presynaptic

A

D

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25
Q

Fracture of the left TMJ will result to

A. Condylar protrusion of the left side of the mandible
B. Retraction of the left condyle of the mandible
C. Paralysis of the left side of the mandible
D. Numbness of the left side of the mandible

A

D

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26
Q

What separates the parotid gland from the submandibular gland?

A

Sylomandibular ligament

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27
Q

Exception in the mnemonic PS(-m) am (-b)

A. Mylohyoid is not posterior
B. Buccal is not anterior
C. Buccal is not sensory
D. Mylohyoid is not sensory

A

D

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28
Q

Which of the following is true?

A. The maxillary vein forms the cavernous plexus.
B. The superficial temporal and maxillary veins join to form the external jugular vein.
C. The internal maxillary artery is not enveloped by the maxillary vein and plexus.
D. The pterygoid plexus is connected to the face and cavernous sinus.

A

D

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29
Q

Branch of the third part of the internal maxillary

A. Deep auricular
B. Inferior alveolar
C. Anterior tympanic
D. Sphenopalatine

A

D

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30
Q

Which is not part of the medial wall of the infratemporal fossa?

a. Levator veli palatini
b. Tensor veli palatini
c. Styloid process
d. Superior pharyngeal constriction

A

D

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31
Q

Which is not true?

a. The maxillary veins forms the pterygoid plexus
b. The superior temporal vein joins the maxillary vein to form the retromandibular vein
c. The maxillary artery is not surrounded by the maxillary vein and plexus
d. The pterygoid connects to the cavernous sinus

A

C

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32
Q

Largest salivary gland

A

Parotid gland

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33
Q

The area occupied by the parotid gland

A

Parotid bed

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34
Q

The apex of the parotid gland is posterior the angle of the mandible. T/F

A

T

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35
Q

The duct of the parotid gland pierces which muscle?

A

Buccinator

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36
Q

The duct of the parotid gland lies on which muscle before it pierces the buccinator?

A

Masseter

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37
Q

The parotid duct enters the oral cavity through which opening?

A

A small orifice opposite the second maxillary molar tooth

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38
Q

What are embedded within the parotid gland?

A

Parotid plexus of CN VII, retromandibular vein, external carotid artery, and the parotid sheath with parotid lymph nodes

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39
Q

CN VII provides innervation to the parotid gland. T/F

A

F

The parotid gland receive innervation from the auriculotemporal nerve which is a branch of V3, and the greater auricular nerve which is a branch of the cervical plexus

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40
Q

Structure dividing the superficial and deep lobes of the parotid gland

A

Facial nerve

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41
Q

Type of secretion of the parotid gland

A

Serous (watery)

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42
Q

Duct of the parotid gland

A

Stensen’s duct

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43
Q

Which muscle primarily occupies the temporal fossa

A

Temporalis muscle

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44
Q

Lateral border of the temporal fossa

A

Zygomatic arch

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45
Q

Posterior and superior border of the temporal fossa

A

Temporal lines

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46
Q

Inferior border of the temporal fossa

A

Infratemporal crest

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47
Q

Lateral border of the infratemporal fossa

A

Ramus of the mandible

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48
Q

Medial border of the infratemporal fossa

A

Lateral pterygoid plate

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49
Q

Anterior border of the infratemporal fossa

A

Posterior aspect of the maxilla

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50
Q

Inferior border of the infratemporal fossa

A

Attachment of the medial pterygoid

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51
Q

Contents of the infratemporal fossa

A

Muscles: fnferior part of temporalis muscle, pterygoid muscles,
Arteries: maxillary artery,
Veins: pterygoid venous plexus,
Nerves: mandibular, inferior alveolar, lingual, buccal and chorda tympani nerves, otic ganglion

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52
Q

Articular surfaces involved in the TMJ

A

Mandibular fossa, articular tubercle of the temporal bone (superiorly), and the head of the mandible (inferiorly)

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53
Q

The two bony articular surfaces of the TMJ are completely separated by which structure?

A

Articular disc of the TMJ

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54
Q

Compartments formed by the articular disc of the TMJ

A

Superior articular compartment, inferior articular compartment

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55
Q

Protrusion and retrusion of the jaw occur between the temporal bone and the articular disc (superior cavity). T/F

A

T

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56
Q

Depression and elevation of the jaw and the rotational or pivoting movements occur in the inferior compartment. T/F

A

T

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57
Q

Which structure strengthens the TMJ laterally?

A

Lateral ligament of the TMJ

58
Q

The lateral ligament of the TMJ is an extrinsic ligament of the TMJ. T/F

A

F

It is intrinsic, a thickened part of the joint capsule.

59
Q

The stylomandibular ligament and the sphenomandibular ligament are intrinsic ligaments of the TMJ.

A

F

They are extrinsic. Stylomandibular ligament is from the fibrous capsule of the parotid gland.

60
Q

The stylomandibular ligament does not add strength to the TMJ. T/F

A

T

61
Q

The stylomandibular ligament attaches onto which structures?

A

Styloid process to the angle of the mandible.

62
Q

The sphenomandibular ligament attaches onto which structures?

A

Spine of sphenoid to lingula of the mandible

63
Q

The primary passive support of the mandible

A

Sphenomandibular ligament

64
Q

To open the mouth, the head of the mandible and the articular disc must move posteriorly on the articular surface until the head lies inferior to the articular tubercle. T/F

A

F

They must move anteriorly.

65
Q

The four muscles of mastication arise from which embryological structure?

A

Mesoderm of the first pharyngeal arch

66
Q

Muscles of mastication

A

Temporal, masseter, medial and lateral pterygoid muscles

67
Q

The nerve that innervates the muscles of mastication

A

Mandibular nerve (V3) motor root

68
Q

Actions of the temporalis

A

Elevates and retrudes mandible, moves mandible ipsilaterally

69
Q

The right temporalis muscle moves the mandible to the left. T/F

A

F

Movement of the mandible to one side is caused by the ipsilateral temporalis muscle.

70
Q

Actions of the masseter

A

Elevates, retrudes and protrudes mandible, moves mandible laterally

71
Q

Actions of the medial pterygoid

A

Elevates and protrudes mandible, moves mandible contralaterally

72
Q

Actions of lateral pterygoid

A

Depresses mandible (against resistance) in assistance to gravity, protrudes mandible, moves mandible contralaterally

73
Q

The main protruder of the chin

A

Lateral pterygoid

74
Q

The main depressor of the mandible

A

Gravity

75
Q

Muscles that protrudes the chin

A

Lateral pterygoid, masseter, medial pterygoid

76
Q

Muscles that open the mouth

A

Lateral pterygoid, suprahyoid, infrahyoid

77
Q

Muscles that close the mouth

A

Temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid

78
Q

Muscles that retrude the chin

A

Temporalis, masseter

79
Q

Muscles that move the jaw laterally

A

Temporalis (ipsilateral), masseter, pterygoids (contralateral)

80
Q

The left pterygoids move the jaw to the left. T/F

A

F

Movement of the jaw to one side is caused by the contralateral pterygoid muscles.

81
Q

Origin of masseter

A

Maxillary process of zygomatic bone and zygomatic arch

82
Q

Insertion of masseter

A

Angle and lateral surface of ramus of mandible

83
Q

Origin of temporalis

A

Temporal fossa and deep surface of temporal fascia

84
Q

Insertion of temporalis

A

Tip and medial surface of coronoid process and anterior border of ramus of mandible

85
Q

Origin of lateral pterygoids

A

Upper head: infratemporal surface and crest of sphenoid bone,
Lower head: lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plates

86
Q

Insertion of lateral pterygoid

A

Upper head: joint capsule and articular disc of TMJ

Lower head: Pterygoid fovea on anteromedial aspect of neck of condylod process of mandible

87
Q

Origin of medial pterygoid

A

Upper head: medial surface of lateral pterygoid plates, and pyramidal process
Lower head: Tuberosity of maxilla

88
Q

Insertion of medial pterygoid

A

Medial surface of ramus of mandible, inferior to mandibular foramen (mirror image of ipsilateral masseter)

89
Q

Maxillary artery is the larger terminal branch of which artery?

A

External carotid artery

90
Q

The maxillary artery is divided into three parts in relation to which structure?

A

Lateral pterygoid muscle

91
Q

Position of the first part of the maxillary artery relative to the lateral pterygoid muscle

A

Proximal (posterior) to the lateral pterygoid muscle

92
Q

Position of the second part of the maxillary artery relative to the lateral pterygoid muscle

A

Adjacent (superficial or deep) to the lateral pterygoid muscle

93
Q

Position of the third part of the maxillary artery relative to the lateral pterygoid muscle

A

Distal (anteromedial) to lateral pterygoid muscle

94
Q

Branches of the first part of the maxillary artery

A

Deep auricular artery, anterior tympanic artery, middle menigeal artery, accessory meningeal artery, inferior alveolar artery

95
Q

Deep auricular artery supplies which structures?

A

External auditory meatus, external part of tympanic membrane, TMJ

96
Q

The deep auricular artery is a branch of which part of the maxillary artery?

A

First (mandibular)

97
Q

The anterior tympanic artery is a branch of which part of the maxillary artery?

A

First (mandibular)

98
Q

The middle meningeal artery is from which part of the axillary artery?

A

First (mandibular)

99
Q

The middle meningeal artery enters the cranial cavity through which cavity?

A

Foramen spinosum

100
Q

The accessory meningeal artery is from which part of the maxillary artery?

A

First (mandibular)

101
Q

The accessory meningeal artery enters the cranial cavity through which structure?

A

Foramen ovale

102
Q

Structure supplied by the anterior tympanic artery

A

Internal aspect of tympanic membrane

103
Q

Structure supplied by the middle meningeal artery

A

Neurocranium, trigeminal ganglion, CN VII, geniculate ganglion, tympanic cavity, tensor tympany muscles

104
Q

Structures supplied by the accessory meningeal artery

A

Extracranial muscles of the ITF and sphenoid bone, V3, Otic ganglion

105
Q

Structures supplied by the inferior alveolar artery

A

Mandible, mandibular teeth, mylohyoid, chin

106
Q

The inferior alveolar artery enter which opening

A

Mandibular foramen to the mandibular canal

107
Q

Arterial supply of masseter

A

Masseteric artery

108
Q

Branches of the second part of the maxillary artery

A

Masseteric artery, Deep temporal arteries, Pterygoid artery, Buccal artery

109
Q

Structures supplied by the masseteric artery

A

Masseter

110
Q

Structures supplied by the deep temporal arteries

A

Temporalis muscle

111
Q

Structures supplied by the pterygoid arteries

A

Pterygoid muscles

112
Q

Structures supplied by the buccal artery

A

Buccal fat pads, buccinator, buccal oral mucosa

113
Q

The masseteric artery is from which part of the maxillary artery?

A

Second (pterygoid)

114
Q

The deep temporal arteries are from which part of the maxillary artery?

A

Second (pterygoid)

115
Q

The pterygoid artery is from which part of the maxillary artery?

A

Second (pterygoid)

116
Q

The buccal artery is from which part of the maxillary artery?

A

Second (pterygoid)

117
Q

The branches of the third part of the maxillary artery

A

Posterior superior alveolar artery, pharyngeal artery, artery to the pterygoid canal, sphenopalatine artery, infraorbital artery, descending (greater) palatine artery

118
Q

The posterior superior alveolar artery is from which part of the maxillary artery

A

Third (pterygoid-palatine)

119
Q

The pharyngeal artery is from which part of the maxillary artery?

A

Third (pterygoid-palatine)

120
Q

The artery to the pterygoid canal is from which part of the maxillary artery?

A

Third (pterygoid-palatine)

121
Q

Sphenopalatine artery is from which part of the maxillary artery?

A

Third (pterygoid-palatine)

122
Q

Infraorbital artery is from which part of the maxillary artery?

A

Third (pterygoid-palatine)

123
Q

The descending palatine artery is from which part of the maxillary artery?

A

Third (pterygoid-palatine)

124
Q

The venous equivalent of most of the maxillary artery

A

Pterygoid venous plexus

125
Q

The pterygoid plexus anastamoses anteriorly with which vein?

A

Facial vein

126
Q

The pterygoid plexus anastamoses with the facial vein through which vein?

A

Deep facial vein

127
Q

The pterygoid plexus anastamoses superiorly with which vein?

A

Cavernous sinus

128
Q

The pterygoid plexus anastamoses with the cavernous sinus via which vein?

A

Emissary veins

129
Q

V3 innervates these four muscles of mastication

A

Medial and lateral pterygoids, masseter, temporalis

130
Q

The buccinator receives motor innervation from V3. T/F

A

F

It receives motor innervation from CN VII.

131
Q

Branches of the mandibular nerve (V3)

A

Auriculotemporal, buccal, inferior alveolar and lingual

132
Q

The auriculotemporal nerve encircles which artery?

A

Middle meningeal artery

133
Q

Inferior alveolar nerve enters which foramen?

A

Mandibular foramen

134
Q

The inferior dental plexus is formed by which nerve?

A

Inferior alveolar nerve

135
Q

The mental nerve is a branch of which nerve?

A

Inferior dental plexus of the inferior alveolar branch (V3)

136
Q

The lingual nerve lies posterior to the inferior alveolar nerve. T/F

A

F

It lies anterior to the inferior alveolar nerve

137
Q

Chorda tympani is a branch of which nerve?

A

CN VII

138
Q

Chorda tympani joins the lingual nerve in the infratemporal fossa. T/F

A

T

139
Q

The chorda tympani carries secretomotor fibers for the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands. T/F

A

T

140
Q

Location of otic ganglion

A

In temporal fossa, inferior to foramen ovale, medial to V3 and posterior to medial pterygoid muscle.

141
Q

The stylomandibular ligament is a thickening of this fascia

A

Investing layer of the deep cervical fascia

142
Q

Which gland is affected by mumps?

A

Parotid gland

Head and Neck (12 decks)

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