Part 1 - Conquered and conquerors - Hundred Years War Flashcards
(11 cards)
1
Q
What happened in 1337?
A
king edward III of engalnd claimed french throne - declared war on france to protect economy and power
2
Q
Economic causes of hundred years war?
A
france threatening to invade gascony where whine was made and flanders where british wool turned into cloth
3
Q
Political causes of hundred years war?
A
- edward believed he had better claim to throne - grandfather and mother were French
- french offered to help scots who edward was in conflict with
4
Q
Social causes of hundred years war?
A
people of britain would lose businesses such as wool trade - have to pay higher taxes
4
Q
Stage 1?
A
- english defeated the French at the Battle of Crecy in 1346 and English captured Calais
- english won Battle of Poitiers in 1356 - gained large chunks of land in south-west France - including much of aquitaine
5
Q
Stage 2?
A
french won back some land they had lost
5
Q
Stage 3?
A
- henry V became englands king - led ienglish into battle of agincourt in 1415
- good military planning saw them defeat the french
- after battle of agincourt - henry went on to conquer normandy
- henry V died in 1422 - french gained back almost all land they had lost
- french led by Joan of Arc - 17 year old peasant - believed she had been chosen by God
- england lost hundreds years war
6
Q
Battle of agincourt?
A
- after arriving in normandy - captured port harfleur - henry lost half his men to disease and battle injuries - decided to march army north to calais
- french army of 30,000 stood in his path - 11,000 exhausted english troops outnumbered
- english archers slaughtered french from above - battle disaster for french
7
Q
Short term impacts?
A
- war very expensive to fight - led to higher taxes in both England and France
- areas of france devastated - buildings, crops/animals destroyed
- soldiers and civilians killed on both sides
8
Q
Medium term impacts?
A
- England lost lands in France such as Gascony - couldn’t make as much money from taxes and farming
- france unified under one king
- gunpowder/canons/handguns used more in battle
9
Q
Long term impacts?
A
- warfare changed – longbows became more important and gunpowder began to be used
- english started to see themselves as being separate from Europe - clear English identity began to emerge
- england lost lands in Europe - turned attention elsewhere - involvement in the newly-discovered North America
