Part 3

Question 1

According to Mill moral actions are those which produce what?

Answer 1

Good

Question 2

Just as a blind man cannot create the idea of color, the mind cannot create a simple idea.

Answer 2

consistent

Question 3

Herbert states our minds contain instinctive “common notions” that are universally true.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

According to Plato, if triangles didn’t exist, the Form of Triangle wouldn’t exist.

Answer 4

False

Question 5

When Hume says that “all events seem entirely loose and separate,” he means to imply that

Answer 5

There is no necessary connection to be observed among them.

Question 6

Where was Bentham born?

Answer 6

London

Question 7

Sparked by dramatic advances in the sciences, Enlightenment thinkers were convinced that through the exercise of human reason they could unravel the mysteries of the universe and set society off in a new and highly advanced direction.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

According to Nietzsche, God does not exist.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

According to Aristotle, scientific knowledge rests on knowledge that is itself subject to the same proof as scientific conclusions.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

According to Berkeley, it is incorrect to believe, as Aristotle did, that physical substances are composed of matter and form.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

According to Hobbes, thinking is a variation of self-reflection

Answer 11

False

Question 12

According to Kant, knowledge begins with sense experience but is not entirely produced by sense experience.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Positivism says we should reject any investigation that does not rest on direct observation.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

According to Hobbes, in a state of nature men are superior to women.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

Epictetus held that God is all powerful, all wise, and all good.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

Definitions, for Socrates, involves a process by which our minds distinguish the essence of an object.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

The principle of cause and effect is an important basis of scientific observation.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

For Plato, the most important feature of the physical world is that it is unchanging.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

According to Plato, perfect Courage exists.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Kant lived in Ireland all his life.

Answer 20

False

Question 21

In describing the human condition, Kierkegaard distinguished between what we now are and what we ought to be. That is, there is a movement from our essence to our existence.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

Aristotle agreed with Plato that the fundamental nature of reality was grounded in mathematics.

Answer 22

False

Question 23

To think in terms of existence meant for Kierkegaard to recognize that we face personal choices.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Simply because we have no sense knowledge of matter or spirit, it would be wrong to say matter and spirit do not exist.

Answer 24

consistent

Question 25

Who was the ablest advocate of utilitarianism?

Answer 25

Mill

Question 26

Which of the following statements is not true about John Stuart Mill?

Answer 26

Mill was completely against his father's ideas.

Question 27

Aristotle categories represented the classification of concepts that are used in scientific knowledge.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

Virtue, Aristotle says, is defined by a mean relative to us. He means that

Answer 28

Facts about an individual and her circumstances are relevant to what should be done.

Question 29

According to Berkeley, when a human mind knows things in the external world, the mind is knowing God's ideas.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

At Plato's Academy, Aristotle has the reputation of being the "reader" and "the mind of the school."

Answer 30

True

Question 31

According to Kant, Newtonian science is not a description of ultimate reality.

Answer 31

True

Question 32

Berkeley was born, and lived most of his life, in Holland.

Answer 32

False

Question 33

According to Hobbes, knowledge of consequences is hypothetical or conditional but is based on logic.

Answer 33

False

Question 34

Which philosoper was called the founder of positive philosophy?

Answer 34

Comte

Question 35

According to Schopenhauer, “the life of every individual…is really always a tragedy, but gone through in detail, it has the character of a comedy.”

Answer 35

True

Question 36

Socrates, by only two years, outlived Plato

Answer 36

False

Question 37

According to Plato, the mind can know truths independently of any information from the senses.

Answer 37

True

Question 38

According to Hobbes, the driving force in a person is the need for love.

Answer 38

False

Question 39

According to Hume, if substance cannot be known by a sense impression, as Locke claims, then we have no evidence of the existence of substance.

Answer 39

True

Question 40

According to Hobbes, the picture we get of this state of nature is of people moving against each other- bodies in motion- or the anarchic condition of “the war of all against all.”

Answer 40

True

Question 41

Thales' quest for the source of the unity of all things is the embodiment of what every philosophy tires to do.

Answer 41

consistent

Question 42

According to Nietzsche, a hero like Martin Luther King should be praised more for what he made of himself than for what he did for others.

Answer 42

True

Question 43

Kant believed that there existed a noumenal realm of things-in-themselves, even though we can never access it.

Answer 43

True

Question 44

According to Hobbes, unless the rules of the social contract are enforced by the will of the people, everything will collapse again into the state of nature.

Answer 44

False

Question 45

According to Hume, we can know for certain that God does not exist.

Answer 45

False

Question 46

According to Aristotle, thinking is always about some specific individual thing, namely, a substance.

Answer 46

True

Question 47

According to Nietzsche, all of life is driven by the will to power.

Answer 47

True

Question 48

According to Comte, how many main divisions do human prvidence contain?

Answer 48

4

Question 49

Marx’s prediction that the capitalist order would succeed was based on this notion that the changes in the quantitative factors in capitalism would inevitably support capitalism.

Answer 49

False

Question 50

The main difference between master morality and slave morality is that

Answer 50

one morality is founded in affirmation and the other in resentment.