Test 3 Part 1

Question 1

According to Kant, any future metaphysics will have to be based upon an analysis of the mind’s operations.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

According to Kierkegaard, the most poignant moments in life are personal, when we becomes aware of ourselves as a part of objective reality.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

According to Nietzsche, God is dead.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

For Schopenhauer willing and ______ are not two different things but rather one and the same thing.

Answer 4

Action

Question 5

According to Hegel, moral duty derives from the requirement of identifying a person’s individual will with the universal will.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

As a metaphysical theory idealism in general is the view that the universe is composed solely of mental – or spiritual- things; there is no material stuff.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

According to Hegel we express our freedom most concretely by an act of:

Answer 7

Will

Question 8

The initial rigor of positivism is suggested by Comte’s clear statement that “any proposition which does not admit of being ultimately reduced to a simple enunciation of fact, special or general, can have no real or intelligible sense.”

Answer 8

True

Question 9

According to Kant, almost nothing can be known for certain.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

Which of the following is a true statement about the will to power?

Answer 10

None of These

Question 11

Hegel believed that everything that is, is knowable.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Utilitarianism can be defined as an ethical theory associated with Bentham and Mill that an action is morally good if it produces as much good as or more good than any alternative behavior.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

According to Hegel, in religion universal spirit exists in the form of what?

Answer 13

Feeling and pictorial imaginative thinking

Question 14

Kierkegaard insists that existence must refer to a quality in the individual, namely his conscious participation in an act.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

In Kant’s view, it is the world that shapes the mind, rather than vice versa.

Answer 15

False

Question 16

What was Mill’s purpose in writing his famous essay on Utilitarianism?

Answer 16

To defend the principle of utility.

Question 17

According to Marx, the ownership of property divides the society between those who have and those who do not.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

For Kierkegaard, what is “out there” can be known with “an objective certainty.”

Answer 18

False

Question 19

Marx’s prediction that the capitalist order would succeed was based on this notion that the changes in the quantitative factors in capitalism would inevitably support capitalism.

Answer 19

False

Question 20

Schopenhauer portrays the realm of nature as a fierce struggle where the will to live inevitably produces conflict and destruction.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

The categorical imperative

Answer 21

forbids manipulation of others for our own purposes.

Question 22

According to Kant, the only unqualified good thing in the world is a good will.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

According to Kierkegaard,only an act of faith can assure me of my personal relationship to God.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

According to Nietzsche, one of the overman’s greatest accomplishments is self-transformation.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

According to Bentahm,

Answer 25

punishment should not be inflected in four particular situations.

Question 26

A Superperson, as Nietzsche portrays him,

Answer 26

remains faithful to the earth.

Question 27

Morality for Kant is, therefore, an aspect of rationality and has to do with our consciousness of rules or “laws” of behavior which we consider universal and necessary.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

The scientific study of society is called psychology.

Answer 28

False

Question 29

Kant is a moral relativist, one who holds that there are no absolute moral values.

Answer 29

False

Question 30

According to Kant, it is possible to have all our good actions fail and still be a good person.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

According to Schopenhauer a person could achieve periodic moments of happiness is he reduced

Answer 31

Human Desire

Question 32

According to Schopenhauer, the will to live has no other purpose than to continue the life cycle of life.

Answer 32

True

Question 33

According to Kant, space is not a concept learned from sense experience but a concept that makes sense experience possible.

Answer 33

True

Question 34

Who was the ablest advocate of utilitarianism?

Answer 34

Mill

Question 35

Kierkegaard underscored that even when we have knowledge we are still in the predicament of having to make a decision.

Answer 35

True

Question 36

According to Nietzsche, all of life is driven by the will to power.

Answer 36

True

Question 37

According to Kant, nature gives its laws to the mind.

Answer 37

False

Question 38

Which phioloopher had a long romance wih Harriet Taylor?

Answer 38

Mill

Question 39

Kant believed that there existed a noumenal realm of things-in-themselves, even though we can never access it.

Answer 39

True

Question 40

According to Kant, a good will is one that

Answer 40

Wills to do its duty

Question 41

According to Schopenhauer, I do not know a more real world than the I one I perceive.

Answer 41

True

Question 42

According to Schopenhauer, mathematical objects within realm of PRS explains being.

Answer 42

True

Question 43

Which philosoper was called the founder of positive philosophy?

Answer 43

Comte

Question 44

Nietzsche was born and died in which of the following centuries?

Answer 44

Nineteenth

Question 45

Which of the following statements would Kant agree with?

Answer 45

Will is nothing but practical reason

Question 46

Kant held that our minds are structured in such a way that we are forever barred from going beyond the realm of sense experience; that is, the realm of phenomena.

Answer 46

True

Question 47

According to Nietzsche, the greatest people are those who serve God.

Answer 47

False

Question 48

Mill defends the notion of individual freedom by saying that:

Answer 48

As long as others are not harmed by our conduct, then we should be free to engage in almost any activity we please, without government interference.

Question 49

Comte’s chief objective was the total reorganization of society by developing a science of society.

Answer 49

True

Question 50

According to Kant, Newtonian science is not a description of ultimate reality.

Answer 50

True

Question 51

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel was a philosopher from what country?

Answer 51

Germany

Question 52

According to Nietzsche, a hero like Martin Luther King should be praised more for what he made of himself than for what he did for others.

Answer 52

True

Question 53

Comte's chief objective was the total reorganization of _______?

Answer 53

Society

Question 54

According to Kant, only a wise individual can have a truly good will.

Answer 54

False

Question 55

According to Marx, change means the emergence of new structures and novel forms.

Answer 55

True

Question 56

According to Kant, the moral universe compels us to postulate the existence of God as the ground for the necessary connection between virtue and happiness.

Answer 56

True

Question 57

According to this theory, moral actions are those which produce the greatest good for the greatest number of people.

Answer 57

Utilitarian

Question 58

What was Mill's moral theory of utilitarianism?

Answer 58

General Happiness

Question 59

According to Kierkegaard, only a person who is engaged in conscious activity of will and choice can be truly said to exist.

Answer 59

True

Question 60

Which of the following statements is consistent with Mill's philosophy?

Answer 60

The quality of a pleasure is more important than the quantity of a pleasure.

Question 61

According to Hegel, what are the four specific periods of historical development?

Answer 61

Oriental, Greek, Roman, and Germanic

Question 62

Marxism holds that there is a fundamental “contradiction within the very essence of things” causing the dialectic movement.

Answer 62

True

Question 63

According to positivism, we should reject any investigation that does not rest on what?

Answer 63

Direct Observation

Question 64

In Kant's view, to be moral individuals, our will should obey our inclinations.

Answer 64

False

Question 65

According to Nietzsche, the old way is the good way.

Answer 65

False

Question 66

I am autonomous in the realm of morality in the sense that

Answer 66

I am a legislator of the moral law for myself

Question 67

According to Hegel, Absolute Spirit of Mind is God.

Answer 67

True

Question 68

According to Kant, both Aristotle and Plato shared a copy model of knowledge.

Answer 68

True

Question 69

According to Hegel, God is the whole of reality, therefore he is a dualist.

Answer 69

False

Question 70

According to Marx, all things are related to each other causally; nothing floats freely, therefore there is free will.

Answer 70

False

Question 71

Positivism says we should reject any investigation that does not rest on direct observation.

Answer 71

True

Question 72

Which was an issue for Comte?

Answer 72

How to maintain social unity

Question 73

According to Nietzsche, God does not exist.

Answer 73

True

Question 74

Bentham argued that ethical hedonism is the opposite of psychological hedonism.

Answer 74

False

Question 75

According to Kant, the twelve categories of the understanding are innate ideas.

Answer 75

False

Question 76

Schopenhauer says, “men are only apparently drawn from in front; really, they are pushed from behind; it is not life that tempts them on, but necessity that drives them forward.”

Answer 76

True

Question 77

According to Nietzsche, there is no such thing as Christian sin.

Answer 77

True

Question 78

According to Kant, the mind can know truths independently of the senses.

Answer 78

False

Question 79

In Mill's view, physical pleasures are lower, or less desirable, than mental pleasures.

Answer 79

True

Question 80

According to Marx, the material order consists of (1) the factors of production and (2) the relations of production.

Answer 80

True

Question 81

Hegel believed that religion and philosophy have basically the same subject matter, that both represent "knowledge of that which is eternal, of what God is, and what flows out of his nature," so that "region and philosophy come to the same thing."

Answer 81

True

Question 82

According to Schopenhauer, the self within the realm of PRS explains the law of motivation.

Answer 82

True

Question 83

According to Schopenhauer there are four types of objects that give rise to different kinds of ideas, which of these is not an idea stated by him?

Answer 83

Reason

Question 84

In Mill's view, a morally right action is an action that promotes happiness.

Answer 84

True

Question 85

Kant is a nonconsequentialist.

Answer 85

True

Question 86

Jeremy Bentham showed early signs of

Answer 86

Unusual intelectual abilities

Question 87

According to Nietzsche, the overman is the individual in the state who has the greatest power over others.

Answer 87

False

Question 88

To think in terms of existence meant for Kierkegaard to recognize that we face personal choices.

Answer 88

True

Question 89

The main difference between master morality and slave morality is that

Answer 89

one morality is founded in affirmation and the other in resentment.

Question 90

According to Kant, the mind gives its laws to nature.

Answer 90

True

Question 91

Hegel centered his thought around the notion of Spirit or Mind.

Answer 91

True

Question 92

In Nietzsche's view, Plato's dualistic metaphysics provided a correct model of reality.

Answer 92

False

Question 93

Truth, Kierkegaard said, is objective.

Answer 93

False

Question 94

According to Hegel, what are the two names given to consciousness?

Answer 94

The Master and the Bondsman

Question 95

The key question for a nonconsequentialist, according to the Kant, is "What is the moral rule that a choice must obey?"

Answer 95

True

Question 96

According to Mill, all pleasures are equally pleasurable.

Answer 96

False

Question 97

Kant's categorical imperative states that one should "act as though the maxim of your will should by your action become a universal law."

Answer 97

False

Question 98

According to Comte, how many main divisions do human prvidence contain?

Answer 98

4

Question 99

The supreme principle of morality, Kant tells us,

Answer 99

forbids applying rules to others we don’t apply to ourselves.

Question 100

John Stuart Mill lived all his adult life in Germany.

Answer 100

False