Participation and Protest

Question 1

Vote

Answer 1

Most Basic Form of Democratic Participation

Representation of Political Equality

Question 2

Electoral Systems

Answer 2

System used to translate votes into seats and using different kinds of ballots in each case.

Question 3

Forms of Electoral Systems

Answer 3

1. Single Member Plurality

2. Proportional Representation

Question 4

Single Member Plurality (SMP)

Answer 4

Seat won by person with most votes.

Used in the US, UK Canada

Question 5

Proportional Representation (PR)

Answer 5

Elected Seats are proportional to popular vote

Multiple members in riding

Question 6

Types of PR (2)

Answer 6

1. Party List system - Electorate votes for party/ candidates chosen from list
2. Mixed Member PR System (MMPR) - Two votes on ballot and Two kinds of MPs

Question 7

Democratic Citizenship

Answer 7

Engaged Participation

Participation goes beyond voting which only happens once every 4 years

Question 8

Key Thinkers of Democratic Citizenship (4)

Answer 8

1. Alexis de Tocqueville (19th C)
2. Gabriel Almond & Sidney Verba (1960’s)
3. Robert Putnam (2000’s)

Question 9

Alexis de Tocqueville

Answer 9

Author of Democracy in America, 1835
Relished in America’s Democracy

It was first and foremost for such people that Tocqueville wrote the book. He hoped that by showing them in detail what democracy was they would be able better to guide France’s own transition to democracy. In so doing, however, he gave the world its richest, most various, and deepest reflection on democracy

Defined Democracy as the ‘nation of joiners’

Question 10

Gabriel Almond and Sidney Verba

Answer 10

Authors of the The Civic Culture, 1963
Was about the comparative Analysis of 5 nations
Believed in three kinds of political culture
1. Subject: citizen is aware but passive
2. Parochial: citizen unaware of politics
3. Participant: citizen aware and active

Question 11

Robert Putnam

Answer 11

Author of Bowling Alone, 2000

Believed that American democracy requires engaged citizens and the collapse of ‘civil society’ is bad for democracy

Question 12

The Apology (Author/About)

Answer 12

Written by Plato
Is a Socratic dialogue of the speech of legal self-defence which Socrates spoke at his trial for impiety and corruption in 399 BC

Question 13

Ronald Inglehart

Answer 13

Author of The Silent Revolution

Was the belief that since WWII, society is undergoing value shift from materialist to post-materialist concerns

Question 14

Roots of Change Hypotheses (2)

Answer 14

1. Scarcity Hypothesis = Anticipates that an individual’s priorities largely reflect his or her socioeconomic environment
2. Socialization Hypothesis

Question 15

Characteristics of Social Movements (5)

Answer 15

1. Growing numbers of young educated students
2. Anti-authority
3. Radically democratic
4. Middle class mainly
5. Post Materialist Values: Social justice, equality, participation

Question 16

Contemporary Protest (3)

Answer 16

1. Protest over economic/physical security
2. Protest over democracy, peace, sustainability
3. Protest rooted in identity/social justice