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MCAT - behavioral sciences > parts of the forebrain > Flashcards

parts of the forebrain Flashcards

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MCAT flashcards
1
Q

parts of the forebrain?

A

*Can Boys Lick Their Head? Probably, its a Possibility

cerebral cortex
basal ganglia
limbic system
thalamus
hypothalamus
posterior pituitary
pineal gland

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2
Q

function of the thalamus?

A

relay sensory station (all senses except for smell)

*imagine thanos in a relay

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3
Q

functions of the hypothalamus?

A

*four F’s

fighting
feeding - hunger, thirst
flighting
fucking

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4
Q

what are the subdivisions of the hypothalamus?

A
  1. lateral
  2. ventromedial
  3. anterior
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5
Q

what happens if the lateral hypothalamus is destroyed?

A

if the Lateral Hypothalamus is destroyed, one Lacks Hunger

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6
Q

what happens if the ventromedial hypothalamus is destroyed?

A

if the VentroMedial Hypothalamus is destroyed, one is Very Much Hungry

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7
Q

what does the anterior hypothalamus control?

A

sexual behavior

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8
Q

the posterior pituitary is the site of release for __________ and _________

A

ADH (vasopressin)
oxytocin

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9
Q

the pineal gland secretes __________

A

melatonin

*after penis (sex), you want to sleep

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10
Q

____________ coordinate muscle movement as their receive information from the cortex and relay this information

A

basal ganglia

*gangs have moves

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11
Q

T / F - the extrapyramidal system functions directly through motor neurons

A

false

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12
Q

what chronic illness can result from destruction of the basal ganglia?

A

parkinsons

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13
Q

what structures make up the limbic system?

A

septal nuclei
amygdala
hippocampus
anterior cingulate cortex

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14
Q

what is the function of the septal nuclei?

A

primary pleasure centers (addictive behaviors)

*septic tanks are not filled with pleasure

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15
Q

what is the function of the amygdala?

A

defensive and agressive behaviors

*dollas make people violent

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16
Q

what are symptoms of a damaged amygdala?

A

reduced fear and agression reactions
docility
hypersexual

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17
Q

what is the function of the hippocampus?

A

learning
memory process
long term memories

*learn while on campus

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18
Q

__________ amnesia is characterized by not being able to establish new long term memories, whereas long term memory for events that occurred before brain injury are usually intact

A

anterograde

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19
Q

_________ amnesia refers to memory loss of events that transpired before brain injury

A

retrograde

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20
Q

what is the function of the anterior cingulate cortex?

A

high order cognitive processes
impulse control
decision making

*ants make decisons to not sing

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21
Q

the cerebral cortex has several bumps (________) and folds (________)

A

bumps = gyri
folds = sulci

22
Q

what are the subdivisions of the cerebral cortex?

A

F-POT

  1. frontal
  2. parietal
  3. occipital
  4. temporal
23
Q

what two parts make up the frontal lobe?

A
  1. prefrontal cortex
  2. motor cortex
24
Q

what is the function of the prefrontal cortex?

A

perception
memory
emotion
impulse control
long term planning

25
Q

what are symptoms of an individual who may have damage to their prefrontal cortex?

A

more impulsive
less in control of behavior

26
Q

___________ area integrates input from diverse regions of the brain

A

association

27
Q

what is an example of an asociation area?

A

prefrontal cortex

28
Q

__________ area performs more rudimentary perceptual and motor tasks

A

projection

29
Q

what is an example of a projection area?

A

motor cortex

30
Q

what is the function of the motor cortex?

A

initiate voluntary motor movements by sending neural impulses down the spinal cord toward the muscles

31
Q

the broca’s area is vitally important for ___________

A

speech production

*allie deals with broken speech

32
Q

in which hemisphere is the broca’s area typically found?

A

dominant hemisphere = left

33
Q

the primary motor cortex is located on the ___________ gyrus

A

precentral

34
Q

the somatosensory cortex is located on the ____________ gyrus

A

postcentral

35
Q

the somatosensory cortex is a projection area that detects incoming sensory signals for _______, ________, ___________, and _________

A

touch
pressure
temperature
pain

36
Q

the ___________ lobes contain the visual cortex

A

occipital

37
Q

the auditory and wernicke’s area are located in the ___________ lobe

A

temporal

38
Q

what is the function of the auditory cortex?

A

sound processing (speech, music, and other sound info)

39
Q

what is the function of the wernicke’s area?

A

language reception and comprehension

40
Q

T / F - the temporal lobe functions in memory processing, emotion, and language

A

true

41
Q

cerebral hemispheres comuicate with opposite sides of the body = ____________

cerebral hemispheres comuicate with the same sides of the body = ____________

A

opposite = contralaterally
same = ipsilaterally

42
Q

characteristics of the dominant hemisphere?

A

dominant = left

analytical
manages details
language / speech
logic
math skills

43
Q

characteristics of the nondominant hemisphere?

A

nondominant = right

intuition
creative
music cognition
spatial processing
recognize others’ moods

44
Q

__________ hemisphere screens incoming lanuage to analyze its content, __________ hemisphere interprets it according to its emotional tone

A

dominant
nondominant

45
Q

identify the dominant / nondominant components:

visual system
1. letters / words
2. faces

A

letters / words = dominant
faces = nondominant

46
Q

identify the dominant / nondominant components:

auditory system
1. language related sound
2. music

A

language related sounds = dominant
music = nondominant

47
Q

identify the dominant / nondominant components:

language
1. emotions
2. speech, reading, writing, arithmetic

A

emotions = nondominant
speech, reading, writing, arithmetic = dominant

48
Q

identify the dominant / nondominant components:

movement
1. complex voluntary movement

A

complex voluntary movement = dominant

49
Q

identify the dominant / nondominant components:

spatial processes
1. geometry, sense of direction

A

geometry, sense of direction = nondominant

50
Q
A

MCAT - behavioral sciences (38 decks)

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