personality

Question 1

_________ consists of the basic, primal, inborn urges to survive and reproduce

Answer 1

id

Question 2

the id functions according to the _________ principle

Answer 2

pleasure

*aim is to achieve immediate gratification to relieve any pent up tension

Question 3

___________ is the id’s response to frustration based on the pleasure principle

Answer 3

primary process

*obtain satisfaction now, not later

Question 4

__________ can be understood as the orgaizer of the mind

Answer 4

ego

*decision maker

Question 5

the ego operates according to the ____________ principle

Answer 5

reality

*taking into account objective reality as it guides or inhibits the activity of the id and the id’s pleasure principle

Question 6

_______________ is the personality’s perfectionist, judging our actions and responding with pride at our accomplishments and guilt at our failures

Answer 6

superego

Question 7

__________ is a colelction os the improper actions for which a child is punished, ___________ consists of proper actions for which a child is reward

Answer 7

punished = conscience
rewarded = ego-ideal

Question 8

life instincts = ?
death instincts = ?

Answer 8

life = eros (survival)
death = thanatos (wish for death / destruction)

Question 9

the egos recourse for relieving anxiety caused by the clash of the id and superego is through ________

Answer 9

defense mechanisms

Question 10

eight main defense mechanisms?

Answer 10

1. repression
2. suppresions
3. regression
4. reaction formation
5. projection
6. rationalization
7. displacement
8. sublimation

Question 11

___________ is the egos way of forcing undesired thoughts and urges to the inconscious

Answer 11

repression

Question 12

_____________ is the egos more conscious form of forgetting

Answer 12

supression

Question 13

__________ is reversion to an earlier developmental stage

Answer 13

regression

*stress = suck thumb

Question 14

__________ occurs when an individual suppresses urges by unconsciously converting these urges to their exact opposite

Answer 14

reaction formation

*loves female celeb, but can never have her = hate for celeb

Question 15

___________ is when individuals attribute their undesired feelings to other

Answer 15

projection

*i hate my parents turns into my parents hate me

Question 16

____________ is the justification of behaviors in a manner that is acceptable to the self and society

Answer 16

rationalization

Question 17

__________ describes the transference of undesired urge from one person to another

Answer 17

displacement

*angry at boss = yelling at spouse

Question 18

__________ is the transformation of unacceptable urges into socially acceptable behaviors

Answer 18

sublimation

*pent up sexual urges = drive for business success

Question 19

__________ is a jungian archetype that is the part of our personality that we present to the world

Answer 19

persona

*the person i show the world

Question 20

__________ is a jungian archetype that describes the “man’s inner woman”

Answer 20

anima

*men watch anime to feel like women

Question 21

__________ is a jungian archetype that describes the “woman’s inner man”

Answer 21

animus

*us = women

Question 22

__________ is a jungian archetype that is responsible for the appearance of unpleasant thoughts, feelings, and actions experienced in the unconscious mind

Answer 22

shadow

Question 23

____________ is the point of intersection between the collective and personal unconscious

Answer 23

self

personal unconscious = thoughts to which we have conscious access

collective unconscious = considered to be a residue to the experiences of our early ancestors

Question 24

jung’s three dichotomies of personality

Answer 24

1. extraversion vs introversion
2. sensing vs intuiting
3. thinking vs feeling

Question 25

_____________ is an individuals sense of incompleteness, inperfection, and inferiority both physically and socially

Answer 25

inferiority complex

Question 26

___________ is the force by which each individual shapes their uniqueness and establishes their personality

Answer 26

creative self

Question 27

___________ represents the manifestation of the creative self and describes a persons unique way of schieving superiority

Answer 27

style of life

Question 28

what is fictional finalism proposed by adler?

Answer 28

notion that an individual is motictaed more by his expectations of the future than by past experiences *life would be perfect if only ...

Question 29

karen horney explained that inadequate parenting can cause vulnerability and helplessness = ___________

Answer 29

basic anxiety

Question 30

karen horney explained that neglect and rejection can cause anger = ___________

Answer 30

basic hostility

Question 31

what is gestalt therapy?

Answer 31

holistic view of the self, seeing each individual as a complete person rather thanr educing them to individual behaviors or drivers

Question 32

explain kurt lewins force field therapy

Answer 32

focusing on the situations in the persent - assisting in our attainment of goals - blocking our attainment of goals *LEWIS in a force field of the present

Question 33

T / F - according to Kurt Lewins, self actualized people are less likely than people who are not self actualized to have peak experiences

Answer 33

false, according to Maslow, self actualized people are more likely than people who are not self actualized to have peak experiences peak experiences = deeply moving experiences in a persons life that have important and lasting effects

Question 34

____________ is a theory from george kelly that thought of the individual as a scientist, a person who devises and tests predictions about the behavior of significant people in his / her life

Answer 34

personal construct theory *KELLY (killing) = predicts troublesome events

Question 35

what is the purpose of person centered therapy created by carl rogers?

Answer 35

helps the client reflect on problems, make choice, generate solutions, take positive action, and determine their own destiny

Question 36

____________ is a therapeutic technique by whcih the therapist accepts the client completely and expresses empathy in order to promote a positive therapeutic environment

Answer 36

unconditional positive regard

Question 37

______________ personalities are characterized by behavior that tends to be competitive and compulsive

Answer 37

type A

Question 38

__________ personalities are generally laid back and relaxed

Answer 38

type B

Question 39

T / F - type A personalities are more prone to heart disease than those with type B

Answer 39

true

Question 40

explain the three traits of the Eysencks PEN model

Answer 40

P = Psychoticism, nonconformity / social deviance E = Extraversion, tolerance for social interation / stimulation N = Neuroticism, emotional arousal in stressful situation

Question 41

list and explain the Big Five

Answer 41

Big Five = OCEAN O = Openness, willingness to engage with the world C = Conscientiousness, self control E = Extraverson, tolerance for social interation / stimulation A = Agreeableness, concered about the peace and harmony in their interactions N = Neuroticism, emotional arousal in stressful situation

Question 42

gordon allport created three basic types of traits, what are they?

Answer 42

1. cardinal 2. central 3. secondary

Question 43

__________ traits around which a person organizes their life

Answer 43

cardinal *cardinals are red and demand attention

Question 44

__________ traits represent major characteristics of the personality that are easy to infer

Answer 44

central *central because they are at the center of my life

Question 45

__________ traits are other personal characteristics that are more limited in occurrence (may appear in groups)

Answer 45

secondary *may come out if there is a second person in the room

Question 46

__________ is a behavior that continues despite satisfaction of the drive that originally created the behavior

Answer 46

functional autonomy *hunter, originally for food, eventually for enjoyment

Question 47

describe a person who has a high N-Ach

Answer 47

high need for achievement concerned with achievement and have pride in their accomplishments avoids high risk (to avoid failing) and low risks (easy task does not generate a sense of achievement) set realistic goals

Question 48

explain the difference between a behaviorists perspective of personality and a social cognitive perspective

Answer 48

behaviorists = based heavily on the concepts of operant conditioning (therapy = based on changing behaviors through operant conditioning) social cognitive = focusing on how our environment influences our behavior and how we interact with the environment

Question 49

_________ refers to the idea that our thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and environment all interact with each other to determine our actions in a given situation

Answer 49

reciprocal determinism *people choose environments that suit their personalities

Question 50

__________ approach = behavior is determined by a individuals personality __________ approach = behavior is determined by the environment / context

Answer 50

dispositional approach = behavior is determined by a individuals personality situational approach = behavior is determined by the environment / context