Parvoviridae Flashcards
(29 cards)
T/F. Parvoviridae are non-enveloped, small, and icosahedral.
True
Parvoviridae:
T = ?
Capsomeres = ?
T = 1 Capsomeres = 60
What are the 5 genera of Parvovirinae?
Parvovirus Dependovirus Bocavirus Amdovirus Erythrovirus
T/F. Parvoviruses replicate in stationary cells.
False. Only actively dividing cells / cells with an S phase
Which genera of Parvovirinae is the cause of 5th disease? What is another name for 5th disease?
- Erythrovirus
- Slap cheek disease
Which Parvovirinae genera needs a helper virus for replication?
Dependovirus
Where in the cell do Parvoviridae replicate?
Nucleus (large intranuclear inclusion bodies)
After recovery from Feline Parvovirus, how long is the virus shed in the cat’s urine/feces?
up to 6 weeks
Where does Feline Panleukopenia initially replicate in the cat?
Pharyngeal lymphoid tissue
What are 2 hallmark signs of Feline Distemper?
- Panleukopenia - destruction of all WBCs, and cells in circulation and lymphoid organs, bone marrow damage (leads to thrombocytopenia)
- Enteritis
What is the pathogenesis of enteritis related to Feline Panleukopenia?
Virus damages replicating cells in the crypt of the intestinal mucosa
Loss of cells from the tip of the villus continues as normal, but no replacement by the crypt cells –> shortened intestinal villi, villi blunting and fusion, malabsorption
What happens if a queen is infected with FPV in early gestation? End of gestation?
Early - EED, abortion, mummified fetus
End - kittens with cerebella hypoplasia (last 2 weeks of pregnancy), kittens with hydraencephaly
Describe the pathogenesis of DIC in kittens with FPV
Kittens susceptible to secondary bacterial infection –> endotoxin LPS –> expression of tissue factor III on endothelial cells –> coagulation –> DIC –> hemorrhage
When doing a paired serum titer, how do you know if there is an acute infection?
There will be a 4 fold rise in titer
What 3 disinfectants can be used to kill Feline Parvovirus?
bleach (6% sodium hypochlorite)
4% formaldehyde
1% glutaraldehyde
T/F. Canine parvovirus 1 is more significant than Canine parvovirus 2.
False. CPV2 more important.
What are the two most common strains of CPV2 in North America?
CPV2b, CPV2c
T/F. CPV can be transmitted via contaminated fomites.
True
Pathogenesis of pups…
- 2-12 days old
- 3 weeks to 8 weeks old
- 2-4 months
- 2-12 days old: generalized neonatal disease (uncommon)
- 3 weeks to 8 weeks old: myocarditis
- 2-4 months: enteritis and panleukopenia (MOST common)
Pathogenesis of CPV2 enteritis
virus infects the cells of the intestinal villus crypts –> no replacement cells at villus tip –> villi shortened
*SAME AS FPV
T/F. You will see basophilic inclusions in myocardiocytes of puppies infected with myocarditis form of CPV2.
False. Eosinophilic.
How is it suspected that oseltamivir (Tamiflu) can help with parvovirus treatment?
- Oseltamivir is a neuraminidase inhibitor but parvo does NOT use neuraminidase in its replication (so NO direct action on parvo)
- probably acts on the secondary bacteria in the gut: it blocks the neuraminidase used by them; therefore blocking bacterial colonization and keeping the mucous layer in the GI in tact, making it harder for parvo to infect.
What does SMEDI stand for?
Stillborn
Mummified
Early Death
Infertility
Where is the typical site of replication, in pigs, of Porcine Parvovirus?
mitotically active cells in fetal tissue
