Past papers Flashcards
1
Q
Influenza vaccine type
A
inactivated
1
Q
Malaria prophylaxis pregnancy drug
A
Mefloquin
2
Q
Metronidazole mechanism of action
A
Inhibits DNA synthesis
3
Q
Antibiotic that binds 50s ribosomal unit - inhibit protein synthesis
A
Clindamycin
4
Q
rate of recurrence of ectopic pregnancy
A
15%
4
Q
lidocaine with adrenaline max dose
A
7mg/Kg or 490mg for a 70kg person
5
Q
Doxazosin mechanism of action
A
Alpha 1 receptor antagonist
6
Q
Fluconazole mechanism of action
A
cytochrome P450 enzyme 14α-demethylase
7
Q
Robertsonian translocation possible in which aneuploidy
A
Down’s, Patau. Not Edward’s (only occurs with acrocentric chromosome pairs)
8
Q
Metyrapone mechanism of action
A
Inhibits adrenal 11B-hydroxylation leading to reduced cortisol and resultant increase in ACTH production
9
Q
Ischaemic stroke - type of necrosis
A
Colliquative necrosis
10
Q
Which immunoglobulin is dimeric
A
IgA
11
Q
Which HLA class is expressed in extravillous trophoblast
A
HLA-G
12
Q
Sperm production per day
A
300 million/day
13
Q
Clomiphene is a
A
SERM
14
Q
LH is structurally similar to
A
FSH, HCG, TSH
15
Q
What percentage of DNA is mitochondrial DNA
1
A
1%
16
Q
Major buffer in urine
A
Phosphate
17
Q
Carbons in the sex hormones
A
Androgens: 19C
Oestrogens: 18C
Progesterones 21C
18
Q
Allantois is derived from
A
Endoderm
19
Q
The ureteric bud is derived from
A
Mesonephric duct
20
Q
Ondansetron mechanism of action
A
Serotonin 5-HT3 antagonist
21
Q
enzyme that catalyses conversion of purines to uric acid
A
Xanthine oxidase
22
Q
Name for cellular process in breast that allows prolonged breast feeding
A
Lobular hyperplasia
23
Bladder embryology
Trigone forms from mesonephric ducts
Rest of bladder forms from urogenital sinus
24
Carboprost is
Synthetic prostaglandin F2a analogue
25
Misoprostol is
Synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue
26
Most common contrast agent used for MRI exams
Gadolinium
27
Secondary hyperparathyroidism is usually associated with
Chronic kidney disease
28
Labetalol mechanism of action
Combines selective alpha 1 and non-selective beta receptors antagonist
29
Deep circumflex iliac artery is a branch of which artery?
External iliac artery
30
What is the SI unit for the absorbed dose of ionising radiation
Gray
31
Which organ is principle site of urea synthesis via urea cycle
Liver
32
Most common cause of cushing's syndrome
Iatrogenic steroid administration
33
Gartner's duct is a remnant of what
Mesonephric duct
34
Where is bicarbonate reabsorbed in the kidney
PCT
35
Duchenne muscular dystrophy inheritance pattern
X-linked recessive
36
Lymph drainage of cervix and upper vagina
External iliac, internal iliac, obturator and sacral LNs
37
HIV vertical transmission - most common time
Labour and delivery
38
Parent compound of most eicosanoids
Arachidonic acid
39
Epithelium lining the ECTOcervix
Stratified squamous, non-keratinised
40
Which cells produce Mullerian-inhibiting substance in the developing foetal testis
Sertoli cells
41
Endocrine gland responsible for increased sweating in pregnancy
Thyroid
42
Lichen planus can become which sort of cancer
Squamous cell carcinoma
43
Which hormone enhances urinary calcium excretion
Calcitonin
44
Passive neonatal immunity - immunoglobulin
IgG
45
Which tocolytic agent exerts effects through blocking of oxytocin receptor
Atosiban
46
Which hormone increases in second half of menstrual cycle and decreases endometrial proliferation
Progesterone
47
Most common adverse effect of Depo medroxyprogesterone acetate
Menstrual abnormalities
48
marked glandular growth and mitosis, stromal edema with subnuclear vacuoles and prominent coiled spiral arterioles'' This finding are consistent with what histological type of endometrium
Secretory endometrium
49
pyloric stenosis metabolic abnormality
Hypochloraemic hypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis
50
Narrowest part of fallopian tube
Isthmus
51
Lancefield grouping of streptococci is based on presence of
Carbohydrate antigen on cell wall
52
Enzyme buffer of co2 in red blood cells
carbonic anhydrase
53
streptomycin damages which cranial nerve
8 (vestibulocochlear)
54
Cause of increased GFR in pregnancy
Increased plasma volume
55
Sulfur granules, IUD in situ
Actinomyces species
56
Sub Occipito-bregmatic
OA
9.5cm
57
Occipito frontal
Deflexed OP
11.5cm
58
Submental bregmatic
Face presentation
9.5cm
59
Mento-vertical
Brow presentation
14cm
60
DES-associated cancer
| ed
Clear cell carcinoma of vagina
61
Neostigmine mechanism of action
Anticholinesterase
62
Homogeneously black area on ultrasound name
Anechoic
63
Artery occasionally branching from external iliac or inferior epigastric instead of internal iliac
Obturator artery
64
Lithium use in pregnancy associated with which cardiac defect
Ebstein's anomaly
65
Most common inherited bleeding disorder
von Willebrand's disease
66
Ligament that supports the bladder
Pubocervical ligament
67
How many days from primordial follicle to mature ovum
320 approx
68
TAP block location
Between transversus abdominis and internal oblique
69
Most common in uteru infection causing fetal anaemia
Parvovirus B19
70
Sensory innervation to the cervix
Pelvic splanchnic nerves
71
Gram negative dipplococci STI
Gonorrhoea
72
40mm CRL gestational age
11 weeks
73
30mm CRL gestational age
10 weeks
74
At what level does the aorta bifurcate
L4
75
What level does ovarian artery arise from aorta
L2
76
Which hormone decreases appetite as levels increase
Leptin
77
Where does Krukenberg tumour come from
GIT metastasising to ovary
78
Which artery supplies anorectal canal superior to pectinate line
Inferior mesenteric artery
79
Which artery supplies anorectal canal inferior to pectinate line
Inferior rectal artery (from internal pudendal artery)
80
Blood volume in a term newborn in ml/kg
85ml/kg
81
Molluscum contagiosum virus
Pox virus
82
Untreated syphillis, what percentage go on to develop tertiary syphillis
35%
83
Trimethoprim mechanism
Inihibits dihydrofolate reductase
84
radioactive decay SI unit
Becquerel
85
Muscles damaged in episiotomy
Bulbospongiosus and superficial transverse perineal muscle
86
which cells produce surfactant
Type 2 pneumocytes
87
organism associated with bladder catheterisation
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
88
25 day cycle when do you ovulate
Day 11
89
ovarian cancer endometriosis link
Clear cell carcinoma
90
Conn's syndrome acid basis disturbance
Hypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis
91
Finasteride mechanism
5a reductase inhibitor
92
How is urea transferred from fetal to maternal circulation
Passive diffusion
93
Clue cells, fishy odour
Gardnerella vaginalis (BV)
94
which cells produce PTH
Chief cells
95
Bartholin's gland is located in which anatomical location
Superficial perineal pouch
96
Sympathetic control of bladder
Hypogastric nerve T12-L2
97
Earliest sign of puberty in girls
Thelarche
98
Vincristine mechanism of action
Inhibits microtubule function
99
Mirabegron mechanism of action
Selective beta 3 adrenoceptor agonist
100
Which ligament allows standing upright with minimal muscular support
Iliofemoral ligament
101
Rejecting the null hypothesis when there is no difference
Type 1 error
102
Endometrial cancer - endometrial glands and metaplastic cartilage
Endometrial carcinosarcoma
103
The gonads are derived from
Intermediate mesoderm
104
cell organelle abundant in cells producing antibodies
Rough ER
105
Psammoma bodies are collections of
Calcium salts
106
Terbutaline mechanism of action
Beta 2 agonist
107
GnRH is what type of biochemical
Decapeptide
108
Active management of 3rd stage reduces PPH risk
60%
109
Methotrexate is a
antimetabolite
110
magnesium is secreted in which nephron segment
DCT
111
Haldane effect
Increased capacity for deoxygenated blood to carry CO2
112
Hydralazine mechanism of action
Direct-acting smooth-muscle relaxant
113
Drug class causing neonatal kernicterus
Sulphonamides
114
PID abx
Ceftriaxone
Metronidazole
Doxycycline
115
nasal hypoplasia and skeletal abnormalities, including short limbs and digits (brachydactyly), and stippled epiphyses.
Warfarin teratogenicity
116
The vitelline duct connects
Midgut and yolksac
117
LMWH dose before regional anaesthesia
Stop 24hrs before
118
Organelles in type 2 pneumocytes which house surfactant
Lamellar bodies
118
Sacrospinous ligament fixation - nerve damage
Pudendal nerve
118
Treatment for chicken pox in pregnancy
800mg aciclovir 5 times/day
118
hPL structurally homologous to
Growth hormone
118
What is Raloxifene
SERM - prevents osteoporosis (agonist) and reduces risk of breast cancer (antagonist)
118
Cytokeratins
Carcinoma
119
iodine transport into thyroid gland - symport with
Sodium
119
Simple endometrial hyperplasia resembles
Proliferative endometrium
119
Which cells are phagocytic for residual bodies left over from spermatogenesis
Sertoli cells
120
Hip adduction nerve
Obturator nerve
121
Diabetes insipidus in pregnancy - likely cause
Placental vasopressinase
122
which chromosomes are capable of robertsonian translocation
13,14,15,21,22
123
Which nerves enters thigh by passing underneath inguinal ligament just medial to ASIS
Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh
124
Drug that causes premature closure of PDA
Indomethacin (NSAID)
125
Kolmogorov Smirnov test
Non-parametric test comparing two non-related independent samples
126
Lymph drainage of sigmoid colon
Inferior mesenteric and preaortic lymph nodes
127
Kleihauer test basic principle
Fetal haemoglobin resistant to acid elution
128
Strawberry cervix
Trichomonas vaginalis
129
