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Toxicology > Past q 14.10.09 > Flashcards

Past q 14.10.09 Flashcards

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1
Q

Which mechanism of effect is true for NSAIDs?

A

Both
 They can cause duodenal ulcers
 They cause vasoconstriction and damage of the kidneys

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2
Q

Which of the following mechanisms of effect is characteristic for lead?

A

Inhibits camp-activity in the brain

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3
Q

Which compound damages selectively the cell membrane through the on channel?

A

Nicotine

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4
Q

Which toxin is found in newts?

A

Tetrodotoxin

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5
Q

Which clinical signs are caused by Spurge spp.?

A

Both
 Haematuria, icterus
 Stomatitis, bloody diarrhoea

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6
Q

What are the gross pathological findings in hydrogen sulphide toxicosis?

A

Both
 Conjunctivitis
 Lung odema

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7
Q

What kind of treatment would you use in methylaldehyde poisoning?

A

Barbiturates

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8
Q

From an aspect of membrane transport, which property of the xenobiotic is important?

A

Both
 The similarity to endogenous substances
 Lipid solubility

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9
Q

Which statement is true of nitrate-nitrite?

A

Both
 Nitrite is responsible for the production of Methaemoglobin
 Primarily the high nitrate content of the plant causes poisoning

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10
Q

Which compound accumulates in the fat tissue?

A

Organochlorines

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11
Q

Which substance binds to amino acid-type receptor?

A

Strychnine

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12
Q

Which clinical feature is characteristic to chlorine gas toxicosis?

A

Neither:
 Anaemia nor
 Behavioural signs

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13
Q

Which of following mechanism of effect is characteristic to lead?

A

Blocks the enzymes delta-aminolevulinic acid synthase, coprogenase, and haem synthase

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14
Q

Which statement is true?

A

Antioxidants decrease the toxicity of aflatoxin

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15
Q

Which statement is true of biochemical mode of damaging?

A

It depends on the fine chemical structure of the substance

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16
Q

Which animal organism contains ciguatoxin?

A

Fish

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17
Q

Which medicine is useful in the treatment of poisoning caused by viperid snakes?

A

Both
 Cardiorespiratory stimulants
 Analgesics

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18
Q

Which mechanism of effect is characteristic to carbon monoxide?

A

Bonds reversibly to haemoglobin, rendering it incapable of oxygen transport

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19
Q

Which pathological alteration is characteristic to poisoning by Solanum spp.?

A

Both
 Cerebral odema, pulmonary oedema
 Subserosal haemorrhages

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20
Q

Which mechanism of action is not characteristic to ethylene glycol?

A

Inhibits the function of alcohol dehydrogenase
Characteristic:
 It passes through the blood-brain barrier
 It binds with ionized calcium to form calcium oxalate crystals
 Its acidic metabolites cause acidosis

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21
Q

Which is a clinical feature of NSAID toxicosis?

A

Both
 Polyuria, polydipsia
 Vomiting, bloody diarrhoea

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22
Q

Which compound is found in the poison of poison-arrow frogs?

A

Batrachotoxin

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23
Q

Which medicine is useful in the treatment of ochratoxin poisoning?

A

Both
 Feed additives (antioxidants, vitamins, trace elements)
 Supportive therapy for kidney

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24
Q

Which is the most toxic ochratoxin?

A

A

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25
What are the gross pathological signs of methylxanthine toxicosis?
Both  Gastroenteritis  Congestion of the parenchymal organs
26
What mechanism of effect is true for NSAIDs?
Both  Inhibit prostaglandin synthesis  They inhibit ATP synthesis in kidney tubule cells
27
Which substance is found in Hydrangea spp.?
Hydrangin
28
Which statement is true of nitrate-nitrite?
Both  Methaemoglobin results from the presence of nitrite  Monogastric animals are less sensitive to nitrates
29
Which antidote can be used in zinc toxicosis?
Both  Ca Na EDTA  D-penicillamine
30
Which statement is true?
Those compounds can be absorbed readily from the gastrointestinal tract which have high lipid-water distribution co-efficient
31
What is the main toxic compound of Hemlock?
Coniine
32
Which clinical signs are caused by Hydrangea spp.?
Both  Tachypnoe, respiratory distress  Vomiting, bloody diarrhoea
33
Which animal organism contains tetradotoxin?
Newt
34
In which case are the emetic agents indicated?
Generally within 2 hours after oral intake of poison|
35
Which statement is true for anticoagulant rodenticides?
Both  Vitamin K can be given as an antidote  The toxicity of drugs of the 2nd generation is much more pronounced
35
Which is the most toxic ochratoxin?
A
36
Which change of chemical structure can increase the toxicity of narasin in rabbits?
Substitution of methyl group
36
What are the gross pathological signs of methylxanthine toxicosis?
Both  Gastroenteritis  Congestion of the parenchymal organs
37
What does food toxicology deal with?
Harmful effects of xenobiotic residues in feedstuff
37
What mechanism of effect is true for NSAIDs?
Both  Inhibit prostaglandin synthesis  They inhibit ATP synthesis in kidney tubule cells
38
Which clinical signs is not characteristic to ethylene glycol poisoning?
```  Diarrhoea Characteristic:  Kidney failure  Flaccid paralysis of hind limbs  Albuminuria ```
38
Which substance is found in Hydrangea spp.?
Hydrangin
39
Which plant is known to cause damage primarily to the cardiovascular system?
Yew spp
39
Which statement is true of nitrate-nitrite?
Both  Methaemoglobin results from the presence of nitrite  Monogastric animals are less sensitive to nitrates
40
Due to their effect, the amount of ionized calcium is reduced in the blood:
Alkalis
40
Which antidote can be used in zinc toxicosis?
Both  Ca Na EDTA  D-penicillamine
41
Which antidote is useful in cyanide poisoning?
Sodium thiosulphate
41
Which statement is true?
Those compounds can be absorbed readily from the gastrointestinal tract which have high lipid-water distribution co-efficient
42
What is characteristic to the kinetic profile of aflatoxin?
Aflatoxin B1 accumulates in high amounts in liver, kidney, bone marrow, and lungs
42
What is the main toxic compound of Hemlock?
Coniine
43
What is the consequence if a xenobiotic binds to the components of the blood?
The concentration of free molecules are decreased
43
Which clinical signs are caused by Hydrangea spp.?
Both  Tachypnoe, respiratory distress  Vomiting, bloody diarrhoea
44
Which mechanism of effect is characteristic to sulphur dioxide?
Neither Neither:  Inhibits respiratory enzymes nor  Stimulates the glomum caroticum
44
Which animal organism contains tetradotoxin?
Newt
45
Which statement is true?
Both  The xenobiotic can bind to the soluble enzymes if its structures is similar to endogenous ligand  The soluble enzymes are not receptors
45
In which case are the emetic agents indicated?
Generally within 2 hours after oral intake of poison
46
Which pathological alteration is characteristic in nitrate-nitrite poisoning?
Both  Vasodilation of the mesenteric vein  Tissues are chocolate brown
46
Which statement is true for anticoagulant rodenticides?
Both  Vitamin K can be given as an antidote  The toxicity of drugs of the 2nd generation is much more pronounced
47
Which statement is true for phosphine and phosphides?
Both  Causes acute toxicity, death can occur within a few hours  They are responsible for the acetylene odour of the vomitus and the expired air
47
Which change of chemical structure can increase the toxicity of narasin in rabbits?
Substitution of methyl group
48
What is the recommended dose of sodium thiosulphate in arsenic poisoning?
30-40 mg/kg bw
48
What does food toxicology deal with?
What does food toxicology deal with?
49
Which medicine decreases convulsions by acting as a central muscle relaxant?
Guaifenesine
49
Which clinical signs is not characteristic to ethylene glycol poisoning?
```  Diarrhoea Characteristic:  Kidney failure  Flaccid paralysis of hind limbs  Albuminuria ```
50
Which clinical signs are caused by Rhododendron spp.?
Both  Vomiting, diarrhoea  Trembling, staggering
50
Which plant is known to cause damage primarily to the cardiovascular system?
Yew spp.
51
Due to their effect, the amount of ionized calcium is reduced in the blood:
Alkalis
52
Which antidote is useful in cyanide poisoning?
Sodium thiosulphate
53
What is characteristic to the kinetic profile of aflatoxin?
Aflatoxin B1 accumulates in high amounts in liver, kidney, bone marrow, and lungs
54
What is the consequence if a xenobiotic binds to the components of the blood?
The concentration of free molecules are decreased
55
Which mechanism of effect is characteristic to sulphur dioxide?
Neither:  Inhibits respiratory enzymes nor  Stimulates the glomum caroticum.
56
Which statement is true?
Both  The xenobiotic can bind to the soluble enzymes if its structures is similar to endogenous ligand  The soluble enzymes are not receptors
57
Which pathological alteration is characteristic in nitrate-nitrite poisoning?
Both  Vasodilation of the mesenteric vein  Tissues are chocolate brown
58
Which statement is true for phosphine and phosphides?
Both  Causes acute toxicity, death can occur within a few hours  They are responsible for the acetylene odour of the vomitus and the expired air
59
What is the recommended dose of sodium thiosulphate in arsenic poisoning?
30-40 mg/kg bw
60
Which medicine decreases convulsions by acting as a central muscle relaxant?
Guaifenesine
61
Which clinical signs are caused by Rhododendron spp.?
Both  Vomiting, diarrhoea  Trembling, staggering

Toxicology (8 decks)

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