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Bacteriology and Mycology > Pasteurella/Mannheimia/Riemerella > Flashcards

Pasteurella/Mannheimia/Riemerella Flashcards

1
Q

What is the habitat of Pasteurella?

A
  • Mucous membranes
  • P. multocida
    • ​Cattle, Pigs, Rabbits, Cats and Dogs
    • Normal animals - commensals
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2
Q

What is the habitat of Mannheimia?

A
  • Mucous membranes
  • M. haemolytica
    • Cattle and Sheep
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3
Q

How is Pasteruella Transmitted?

A
  • Direct contact
  • Inhalation
  • Animal bites
    • Cat bite abscesses
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4
Q

What is the Transmission of Mannheimia?

A
  • Direct contact
  • Inhalation
  • Ingestion
  • Animal bites
    • Cat bite abscesses
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5
Q

What is the distrribtion of Pastreurella?

A
  • World wide
  • Some P. multocida has limited geographical distribution
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6
Q

What is the distribution of Mannheimia?

A
  • world wide
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7
Q

What is the morphology of Pasteurella multocida?

A
  • Small, gray/white circular, mucoid, smooth or rough colonies
    • canine strains are usually rough
  • Gram negative Coccobacilli - often bipolar staining
  • Facultative
    • Can grow oxidatively
    • Can grow anaerobically
      • Obtain enerbgy by fermentative pathways with organic compound
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8
Q

What are the antigentic characteristics of Pasteurella multocida?

A
  • Capsular antigens - A, B, D, E, F
    • Carter’s system - based on capsular polysaccharide composition
    • Indirect Hemagglutintion test for humoral antibody responses
  • Somatic serotypes 1 - 16
    • LPS based
    • Gel diffusion test
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9
Q

What is the resistance and susceptibility of Pasteurella multocida?

A
  • Susceptible to common disifectants and many antimicrobial agents
  • Resistan strains are very common
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10
Q

What is special about Pasteurella multocida?

A
  • Gram negative but NO growth on MacConkey agar
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11
Q

What is pathogenicity?

A

capacity of an organism to produce disease

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12
Q

What is virulence?

A

Measure of the degree of pathogenicity

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13
Q

What are the Pathogenic Factors of Pasteurella multocida?

A
  • Endotoxin
  • Neuraminidase - invasion
  • Hyaluronidase (Serotype B) - invasion
  • Capsule - antiphagocytic
  • Adhesins (pili)
  • Siderophores
  • Iron-regulated OMPs
  • Stress - significant
  • Exotoxin - Type D serotypes​
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14
Q

What is the function of neuraminidase in P. multocida?

A
  • Splits N-acetyl-neuraminic acid (NANA) from glycoproteins and glycolipids.
    • presentin a wide variety of body tissues and fluids.
    • “reduces viscosity of mucus”
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15
Q

What does the Type D P. multocida exotoxin do?

A
  • Dermonecrotic
  • Ssociated with the necrosis fo the tirbinate bones in swine with atrophic rhiniits
  • Highly lethal to mice and chickens
  • MW 125000 - 160,000 daltons
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16
Q

What diseases does Pasteurella multocida cause in poultry?

A
  • Fowl Cholera
    • Acute septicemic condition - kills birrds rapidly
    • Chronic in recovered birds
  • Serotypes:
    • A: 1, 3, 4, 7
17
Q

What disease does Pasteurella multocida cause in Rabbits?

A
  • Snuffles
    • Upper Respiratory Tract Infection
      • leads to Septicemia, otitis, conjunctivitis
    • Bordetella bronchiseptica frequently isolated in conjunction
  • Serotypes
    • A:12 (80-90% of cases)
    • A:3 (10-20% of cases)
    • Atrophic rhinitis
18
Q

What Diseases does Pasteurella multocida cause in swine?

A
  • Pneumonia
    • Primary or secondary infection to other bacterial or viral diseases
    • Secondary to enzootic pneumonia Mycoplasma spp
    • Serotype A:3
  • Atrophic Rhinitis
    • Associated with Bordatella bronchiseptica
    • Serotype D:3
19
Q

What Diseases does Pasteurella multocida cause in cattle?

A
  • Hemorrhagic Septicemia
    • ​Septicemic form of pasteurellosis
    • Serotypes B:2 or E:2
  • Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex (Shipping Fever and pneumonia)
    • Involves various other infectious agents including viruses (IBR and PI3), Mannhaimia heamolytica, H. somni, Mycoplasma bovis, and stress
    • Serotype
  • Meningoencephalitis
  • Mastitis
  • Abortion
  • Serotype A:3 predominant
20
Q

What disease does Pasteurella multocida cause in Dog/Cats?

A
  • Common inhabitant of the oral cavity
    • Coomonly found in infected animals bites
    • Cat bite abscesses
21
Q

What diseases does Pasteurella multocida cause in Humans?

A
  • Wide variety of Syndromes
  • Pneumonia
  • Bronchitis
  • Empyema
  • sinusitis
  • pleurisy
  • arthritis
  • otitis
  • meningitis
  • peritonitis
  • UTI
22
Q

What is the nature of Pasteurella multocida infections?

A
  • Suppurative and fibrinous inflammatory process
23
Q

How are Pasteurella mutocida infections prevented?

A
  • Prevent Stress - especially in cattle
  • Treat early
  • Bacterins immunization
    • killed products
  • Vaccines - live
    • In drinking water - fowl cholera
24
Q

What disease is caused by Pasteurella gallinarum (Avibacterium gallinarum)?

A
  • Fowl cholera-like disease
25
Q

What disease is caused by Pasteurella pneumotropica?

A
  • Pneumonitis in rodents
26
Q

What disease does Pasteurella caballi cause?

A
  • Respiratry diseases in horses
27
Q

What disease does Pasteurella aerogenes cause?

A
  • Gastroenteritis
  • Abortion
  • Diarrhea
  • pneumonia
28
Q

What is the Morpholgy of Mannheimia haemolytica?

A
  • Gram negative rod-shapped coccobacillus
  • Non-motile
  • Non-spore forming
  • Hemolytic
  • Colonies on MacConkey agar very tiny and brick red
29
Q

What disease does Bibersteinia trehalosi cause?

A
  • Respiratory disease in ruminants
    • similar to shipping fever
30
Q

What are the antigenic Characterisitcs of Mannheimia hamolytica?

A
  • 16 capsular serotypes - Indirect haemagglutination test to detect
    • Serotype 1 - Shipping fever
    • Serotype 2 - Nasal track of cattle
31
Q

What is Seroconversion?

A
32
Q

What are the pathogenic Mechanisms of Mannheimia haemolytica?

A
  • Endotoxin
  • Neuroaminidae
  • Leukotoxin-cytotoxin-RTX toxin
  • Capsule
  • Siderophores
  • Adhesins (pili)
  • Iron-regulated OMPs
  • Stress is very important
33
Q

What diseases does Mannheimi haemolytica cause?

A
  • Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex (Shipping Fever)
  • Pneumonia
    • Goats, sheep, swine
  • Septicemia
    • Feeder / Nursing lambs
  • Respiratory Disease
    • Feeder lambs
34
Q

How are Manheimia haemolytica infections controlled?

A
  • Prevent Stress
  • Treatment - Antmicrobials
  • Immunize
    • Bacterins
    • Vaccines - live
      • Sub-unit vaccines
      • Toxoids
35
Q

What is Riemerella anatipestifer?

A
  • 21 Serotypes
  • Mortality 5 - 75%
  • Carrier birds are problems
  • Antimicrobials in drinking water
  • Vaccines - Live and killed
  • Causes:
    • “New duck disease”
      • Acute kidney disease of ducks and turkeys
    • Serofibrinous exudate
    • Air Sacculitis
    • Fibrinous pericarditis
    • Perihepatitis
    • Saphingitis
    • Meningitis
    • Septicemia

Bacteriology and Mycology (35 decks)

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