PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Question 1

Factors: inflammation, hypersensitivity, and hyper responsiveness of the airway linings → bronchial constriction and spasm → airway obstruction
Mediators (leukotriene, mast cell, T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, macrophage) → increases capillary permeability → vascular congestion, edema formation, mucus secretion

Answer 1

BRACHIAL ASTHMA

Question 2

Factors > Lodge of emboli/ blood clot in pulmonary vasculature > obstruct blood flow/pulmonary circulation > decrease lung perfusion, gas exchange, oxygenation, inadequate VQ mismatch > hypoxemia, hypoxia

Answer 2

PULMONARY EMBOLISM