PC: lecture 1

Question 1

responsibilities of PT include recognizing when pt is what 3 things

Answer 1

-appropriate for PT service
-requires referrals to other practitioners
-needs immediate/emergency care

Question 2

what is the first question that MUST be answered prior to any others

Answer 2

appropriateness and is pt safe for PT
-refer
-refer and tx
-tx

Question 3

what are the 9 conditions on DO NOT WANT TO MISS LIST

Answer 3

1. major depression
2. suicide risk
3. femoral head and neck fx’s
4. Cauda Equina Syndrome
5. cervical myelopathy
   6.AAA
6. DVT
7. PE
8. atypical MI

Question 4

what color flag is major depression

Answer 4

yellow

Question 5

all psychological and or psychosocial concerns are what color flags

Answer 5

yellow

Question 6

life and limb are what color flags

Answer 6

red

Question 7

5 risk factors of major depression are

Answer 7

current or PMH of depression
female
Hx of DM,MI,cancer,CVA,chemical dependency
significant loss suffered
+ family hx

Question 8

what are the clinical manifestations of major depression

Answer 8

+ response on 2 question screening tool indicates more detailed assessment

1. over past 2 wks have you felt depressed
2. had little interest or pleasure in doing things

Question 9

_____ % of PT’s formally screen for depression

Answer 9

18

Question 10

risk factors for suicide

Answer 10

males - completion
females -attempt
widow,divorce, living alone
HX of psychiatric illness (depression, alcohol, abuse)
previous attempts
Hx of chronic progressive illness
recent significant loss
unemployed
sense of hopelessness
family hx of suicide completion or attempts

Question 11

in 2021 suicide was ___th leading COD in US in ages 10-64

Answer 11

9th

Question 12

__nd leading COD in ages 10-14 and 20-34

Answer 12

2nd

Question 13

risk factors associated with femoral head and neck fractures

Answer 13

female
running, jump,march
change in training program or routine
nutritional deficiencies
LLD
decrease mm strength

Question 14

clinical manifestations of femoral head and neck fractures

Answer 14

pain and tenderness in groin, anteromedial thigh, Greater troch, butt regions
-worse with WB
-shorter limb
-edema
-ecchymosis
-loss of function,mobility
-+Patellar pubic percussion test
-+ fulcrum test

Question 15

which disease is urinary retention most frequently noted

Answer 15

CES

Question 16

which disease can onset be quick or gradual

Answer 16

CES

Question 17

what disease has a risk factor that is most common cause of non traumatic paraparesis and quadriparesis

Answer 17

cervical myelopathy

Question 18

which disease has a clinical manifestation that S&S typ progress slow and step wise

Answer 18

cervical myelopathy

Question 19

aneurysm distal to the renal arteries > or equal to 3 cm in diameter

Answer 19

AAA

Question 20

risk for rupture increase when diameter approaches ___ cm

Answer 20

5-6

Question 21

risk factors of AAA

Answer 21

> or equal 60 y/o
male
hx smoking
hx of hypercholesterolemia and CAD
family hx of AAA

Question 22

if pt reports hot,searing,ripping, or tearing pain what do you do

Answer 22

STOP ACTIVITY

Question 23

most pts with AAA are ____

Answer 23

ASYMPTOMATIC

Question 24

____% of ind w/ DVT are asymptomatic in early stages

Answer 24

50

Question 25

clinical manifestation of DVT

Answer 25

ache,tightness, tenderness near site general edema pitting edema prominent superficial venous plexus increase skin temp

Question 26

clinical manifestation of PE

Answer 26

dyspnea tachypnea pleuritic chest pain, deep cough persistent cough apprehension, anxiety tachycardia palpitations

Question 27

> ___% of deaths related to PE are potentially preventable if dx earlier

Answer 27

50

Question 28

____ is the leading COD in women in all ages

Answer 28

cardiac death

Question 29

DVT criteria

Answer 29

cancer immobilization/paresis/paralysis bed written > 3 days or surgery in last 12 weeks entire leg swollen tenderness calf swelling >3cm of good leg collateral superficial veins pitting edema previous DVT alternate dx at least as likely - 2 DVT likely > or = 2

Question 30

PE criteria

Answer 30

DVT signs HR > 100 immobilization 3 days or longer or surgery in 4 weeks previous DVT or PE Hemoptysis cancer alternate dx LESS likely than PE +3 > 6 points high 2-6 points moderate < 2 low

Question 31

what conditions are associated with increased fracture rates?

Answer 31

osteoporosis stress fractures major trauma

Question 32

what medications may compromise bone density (and lead to fracture risk)

Answer 32

CS anti-convulsants cytotoxic drugs blood thinners aluminum excessive thyroxine methotrexate caffeine tobacco soft drinks

Question 33

cauda equina risk factors

Answer 33

LBP central disc herniation spinal stenosis spinal fx ankylosing spondylitis TB, Pots disease

Question 34

pt complains of "feeling heavy and weak" what might be the cause

Answer 34

cauda equina

Question 35

cause of cervical myelopathy

Answer 35

Typically associated with cervical spondylosis or c-spine instability can be older, degenerative causes or trauma for young folks

Question 36

what differs cervical myelopathy symptoms from cauda equina?

Answer 36

cervical will involve UE!

Question 37

cervical myelopathy S/S

Answer 37

slow and progressive impaired hand dexterity - intrinsic atrophy gait/balance difficulties paresthesia neck stiffness urinary retention UE weakness *proximal LE weakness UMN signs

Question 38

early satiety, WL, nausea are signs of what

Answer 38

AAA also back and groin pain or buttock

Question 39

___ DVTs comprise 70% of PEs

Answer 39

proximal LE

Question 40

PE risk factors

Answer 40

late stage pregnancy lower limb fx cancer of pelvis or abdomen previous PE or DVT immobiltiy pelvis or abdominal surgery total hip/knee replacement

Question 41

MI risk factors

Answer 41

smoking, high cholerstol, HTN, DM, obesity, sedentary, excessive alcohol, women > 55 or men > 45, family history, african american