Pead Retinoblastoma

Question 1

Retinoblastoma

Answer 1

Malignant tumour of developing retinal cells
❖ One of two malignancies that can affect the newborn (with neuroblastoma)
❖ 95% of cases diagnosed before the age of 5 years
One of few cancers occurring in babies
❖ Often diagnosed too late
❖ If treated early, nearly 100% survival and
vision
❖ If treated too late, nearly 100% death or blindness

Question 2

Signs and symptoms depend on how much and where the retina is affected

Answer 2

Barely visible small tumour
asymptomatic
• detected during screening examination

Medium size affecting Forvea
Vision loss,stabismus , Leukocoria.

Whole eye full of tumor
leukocoria
• strabism
• buphthalmus
• chronic infection
• visual loss

Question 3

Signs and symptoms depend on how much and where the retina is affected
• Children in developing countries tend to present later with more advanced disease

Answer 3

Leukocoria 77%
Strabismus 16%
Proptosis/Buphthalmus 5%

Question 4

Investigations - Initial assessment

Answer 4

History
• Family History
• Inspection
• Vision
• Indirect Ophthalmoscopy

Question 5

Investigations - EUGA put asleep under General Anaesthesia can be used to check

Answer 5

Measurement intraocular pressure
Assessment anterior chamber/lens under microscope
Funduscopy with indentationWide-angle Photodocumentation

Question 6

Investigations - confirmed retinoblastoma

Answer 6

❖ Complete eye examination first-grade relatives
❖ Genetic testing and counselling
❖ Ultrasound
❖ MRI head and neck

Question 7

Coats disease

Answer 7

Congenital but non-hereditary malformation of retinal blood vessels (patient is born with it)
❖ Blood vessels leak fluid into retina
❖ Advanced stages can be mistaken for retinoblastoma
-NO tumour

Question 8

Phpv

Answer 8

The blood vessels in the viteoruos persist and don’t clear