Pediatrics 3

Question 1

when growth hormone is initiated as treatment for short stature, for what duration is the medication continued for at least?

Answer 1

1 year

Question 2

which treatment is recommended for preterm infants less than 8 months entering their first RSV season?

Answer 2

nirsevimab

Question 3

pharmacologic treatment for what common condition should not be used in otherwise healthy infants?

Answer 3

GERD

Question 4

vaccinations are recommended according to what age of a premature infant?

Answer 4

chronologic

Question 5

Abrysvo is recommended for the prevention of RSV in pregnancy between what gestational ages?

Answer 5

32-37 weeks GA

Question 6

the Abrysvo vaccination during pregnancy takes how many weeks to confer neonatal protection?

Answer 6

2 weeks

Question 7

what is the weight gain goal per day after NICU discharge?

Answer 7

20-30G/DAY

Question 8

to reduce osteopenia risk, what type of formula should be avoided for preterm infants?

Answer 8

soy based

Question 9

preterm infants are at risk of what vittamin deficiency, and supplementation is recommended of this vitamin for how many months of life?

Answer 9

vitamin d - 6 months

Question 10

what is the standard dose of iron supplementation per day for infants?

Answer 10

1-2mg/kg/day

Question 11

the use of xantham gum, carob bean gum and pectin increase the risk of what complication of prematurity?

Answer 11

NEC

Question 12

what is the first line treatment for GER in the infant?

Answer 12

use of thickening agents, such as cereal

Question 13

what is the most common primary motor abnormality in premature infants?

Answer 13

cerebral palsy

Question 14

what is the recommended initial treatment for a premature infant with GER?

Answer 14

upright position for 30 minutes after feeding

Question 15

t/f prenatal exposure to infections like rubella and CMV can increase the risk of autism

Answer 15

true

Question 16

the use of MCHAT to screen for autism in primary care is recommended by what professional organization?

Answer 16

AAP

Question 17

precocious puberty in females is defined in which way?

Answer 17

onset of thelarche before age 8

Question 18

precocious puberty in makes is defined in what way?

Answer 18

onset of testicular enlargement before age 9

Question 19

what are two criteria to define delayed puberty in females?

Answer 19

lack breast development by age 13
do not experience menarche by age 15

Question 20

how does delayed puberty clinically present for a male?

Answer 20

lack of testicular growth by age 14

Question 21

what three lab tests should you consider for both males and females for puberty disorder?

Answer 21

morning LH, FSH, and TSH

Question 22

which process is separate from the typical GNrH, LH, and FSH route in a female and can occur in the absence of true pubertal onset?

Answer 22

adrenarche

Question 23

t/f premature adrenarche and premature thelarche may be normal variants

Answer 23

true

Question 24

in patients with isolated premature adrenarche or thelarche, what is the recommended follow up / surveillance timeline?

Answer 24

follow up every 3-6 months

Question 25

central precocious puberty is idiopathic in what percentage of female patients?

Answer 25

80%

Question 26

central precocious puberty is idiopathic in what percentage of male patients?

Answer 26

10%

Question 27

what enzyme deficiency is the cause of congenital adrenal hyperplasia?

Answer 27

21 hydroxylase deficiency

Question 28

for left hand bone age, results that are greater than how many standard deviations from the mean are considered abnormal?

Answer 28

> 2.5 SD

Question 29

for a female patient with early signs of hyperandrogenism, what three labs should you consider?

Answer 29

testosterone, 17OH progesterone, and DHEA-S

Question 30

what syndrome of males results in tall stature, gynecomastia, small testicles, and neuropsychiatric disorders?

Answer 30

Kleinfelter syndrome

Question 31

what female syndrome resulting in primary gonadal failure is characterized by congenital heart abnormalities, webbed neck, brachydactyly, and kidney abnormalities?

Answer 31

Turner syndrome

Question 32

what conditions cause the most primary gonadal failure in men and women, respectively?

Answer 32

Kleinfelter and Turner syndrome

Question 33

what is the diagnosis in a child with signs of delayed puberty, normal levels of LH, FSH, testosterone and estradiol and delayed bone age but normal growth velocity and consistent growth with family history?

Answer 33

constitutional delay of growth and puberty

Question 34

chronic diseases, low energy available are associated with what cause of delayed puberty?

Answer 34

functional hypogonadotropic hypogonadism

Question 35

children in the breech position in the third trimester should receive ultrasound at what week of life to evaluate for DDH?

Answer 35

4 weeks

Question 36

after 4 months of age, what is the preferred diagnostic method for DDH?

Answer 36

XR

Question 37

the Barlow and Ortalani maneuvers should only be used until what age?

Answer 37

3 months

Question 38

in order to be effective for DDH, a Pavlik harness should be worn 23 hours per day for how many weeks?

Answer 38

6-8 weeks

Question 39

t/f breastfeeding beyond 12 months increases the risk of dental caries

Answer 39

true