Peds Neuro

Question 0

4 types of CP?

Answer 0

Spastic, Athetoid/Dyskinetic, Ataxic, Atonic

Question 1

motor impairment resulting from brain damage

Answer 1

cerebral palsy

Question 2

Tx for CP (3)

Answer 2

Symptomatic-
OT/PT/ST,
Antispasmodics- dantrolene, benzos, baclofen
Botox

Question 3

how to exam headaches

Answer 3

assess on character, location, associated symptoms

Question 4

most common cause of recurrent HA; pain is bilateral in children, unilateral in teens

Answer 4

migraine

Question 5

classical migrane symptoms (5)

Answer 5

aura/no aura
throbbing
N/V
Family hx
specific triggers

Question 6

migraine tx? (3)

Answer 6

eliminate triggers
prophylaxis if >2/wk or >4/mo
symptomatic management

Question 7

tonic seizures

Answer 7

sustained contraction

Question 8

contraction alternating w/ relaxation

Answer 8

clonic seizure

Question 9

spasm of muscle or a group of muscle

Answer 9

myoclonic seizure

Question 10

sustained relaxation of muscle

Answer 10

atonic seizure

Question 11

febrile seizures tx (3)

Answer 11

airway clear?
benzos if >10-15 min
exclude meningitis

Question 12

brief loss of environmental awareness- staring into space. Triggered by hyperventilation or flashing lights. Short duration, multiples per day

Answer 12

absence seizures

Question 13

seizure > 20-30 min. Concern for brain damage

Answer 13

Status epilepticus

Question 14

infantile spasms tx (3)

Answer 14

ACTH
vigabatrin
ketogenic diet

Question 15

Onset in 1st year b/w 4-8 mo, developmental regression, hypsarrythmia (chaotic brain waves) on EEG. Twerk stance
-clusters, happen before sleep or sleep awakening

Answer 15

infantile spasms

Question 16

defective closure of the neural tube at the end of week 4 of gestation –> anamolies of the L/S spinal cord

Answer 16

spina bifida

Question 17

most severe form of spina bifida, spinal cord or nerve roots exposed
increased risk of latex allergy

Answer 17

meningomyocele

Question 18

rarest form of spina bifida

only meninges are exposed in cyst-like sac, spinal cord is intact

Answer 18

meningocele

Question 19

CSF accumulation due to either overproduction or obstruction

Answer 19

hydrocephalus

Question 20

HTN, bradycardia, altered respiration, increased head circumfrence, bulging anterior fontanelle, CN III or VI dysfunction

Answer 20

hydrocephalus

Question 21

possible complications of CSF shunt for hydrocele (3)

Answer 21

drains too much or too little:
obstruction
infection
cathether length

Question 22

fever, headache, abdominal pain, fatigue, elevated BP could indicate what in a pt w/ shunt?

Answer 22

shunt complications

Question 23

progressive weakness, cardiomyopathy, mild intellectual impairment, progressive proliferation of connective tissue in muscle

Answer 23

muscular dystrophy

Question 24

which kind of muscular dystrophy is less severe?

Answer 24

Becker

Question 25

Gower's sign indicates?

Answer 25

muscular dystrophy

Question 26

how do you diagnose muscular dystrophy (4)

Answer 26

muscle biopsy abscence of dystrophin protein EMG serum CPK levels

Question 27

acute idiopathic polyneuritis

Answer 27

Guillain-Barre syndrome

Question 28

inflammatory peripheral neuropathy

Answer 28

Guillain Barre syndrome

Question 29

ascending, rapid loss of motor strength, symmetric weakness, sensory symptoms w/out deficits, loss of DTRs, ANS dysfunction

Answer 29

Guillain-Barre syndrome

Question 30

Guillain-Barre etiology

Answer 30

post-infectious, resp. or GI- commonly Campylobacter jejuni

Question 31

autoimmune, antibodies form against ACh nicotinic receptors at NMJ- affects striated muscles

Answer 31

myasthenia gravis

Question 32

ptosis, diplopia, opthalmoplegia, weakness of face/extremities, dysphagias. Symptoms increase throughout day or with exertion

Answer 32

myasthenia gravis

Question 33

developmental motor delay, progressive weakness of LMN due to degeneration of anterior horn cells

Answer 33

spinal muscle atrophy syndrome

Question 34

progressive, flaccid weakness; decreased spontaneous movements, hypotonia, decrease or loss of DTR, fasciculations & muscle atrophy. Difficulty sitting, failure to stand, increased drooling

Answer 34

Spinal Muscle Atrophy Syndrome

Question 35

headache, n/v, loss of balance, speech issues, sleepiness, personality changes, new onset seizures

Answer 35

pediatric brain tumor

Question 36

peds neuro eval includes?

Answer 36

ROS/hx head circumference fontanelles CN evaluation

Question 37

developmental delay definition

Answer 37

not reaching a milestone 2 standard deviations below the norm

Question 38

screening test for developmental delay

Answer 38

Denver II