Peds Neuro Flashcards

(39 cards)

0
Q

4 types of CP?

A

Spastic, Athetoid/Dyskinetic, Ataxic, Atonic

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1
Q

motor impairment resulting from brain damage

A

cerebral palsy

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2
Q

Tx for CP (3)

A

Symptomatic-
OT/PT/ST,
Antispasmodics- dantrolene, benzos, baclofen
Botox

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3
Q

how to exam headaches

A

assess on character, location, associated symptoms

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4
Q

most common cause of recurrent HA; pain is bilateral in children, unilateral in teens

A

migraine

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5
Q

classical migrane symptoms (5)

A
aura/no aura
throbbing
N/V
Family hx
specific triggers
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6
Q

migraine tx? (3)

A

eliminate triggers
prophylaxis if >2/wk or >4/mo
symptomatic management

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7
Q

tonic seizures

A

sustained contraction

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8
Q

contraction alternating w/ relaxation

A

clonic seizure

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9
Q

spasm of muscle or a group of muscle

A

myoclonic seizure

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10
Q

sustained relaxation of muscle

A

atonic seizure

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11
Q

febrile seizures tx (3)

A

airway clear?
benzos if >10-15 min
exclude meningitis

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12
Q

brief loss of environmental awareness- staring into space. Triggered by hyperventilation or flashing lights. Short duration, multiples per day

A

absence seizures

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13
Q

seizure > 20-30 min. Concern for brain damage

A

Status epilepticus

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14
Q

infantile spasms tx (3)

A

ACTH
vigabatrin
ketogenic diet

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15
Q

Onset in 1st year b/w 4-8 mo, developmental regression, hypsarrythmia (chaotic brain waves) on EEG. Twerk stance
-clusters, happen before sleep or sleep awakening

A

infantile spasms

16
Q

defective closure of the neural tube at the end of week 4 of gestation –> anamolies of the L/S spinal cord

17
Q

most severe form of spina bifida, spinal cord or nerve roots exposed
increased risk of latex allergy

A

meningomyocele

18
Q

rarest form of spina bifida

only meninges are exposed in cyst-like sac, spinal cord is intact

19
Q

CSF accumulation due to either overproduction or obstruction

A

hydrocephalus

20
Q

HTN, bradycardia, altered respiration, increased head circumfrence, bulging anterior fontanelle, CN III or VI dysfunction

A

hydrocephalus

21
Q

possible complications of CSF shunt for hydrocele (3)

A

drains too much or too little:
obstruction
infection
cathether length

22
Q

fever, headache, abdominal pain, fatigue, elevated BP could indicate what in a pt w/ shunt?

A

shunt complications

23
Q

progressive weakness, cardiomyopathy, mild intellectual impairment, progressive proliferation of connective tissue in muscle

A

muscular dystrophy

24
which kind of muscular dystrophy is less severe?
Becker
25
Gower's sign indicates?
muscular dystrophy
26
how do you diagnose muscular dystrophy (4)
muscle biopsy abscence of dystrophin protein EMG serum CPK levels
27
acute idiopathic polyneuritis
Guillain-Barre syndrome
28
inflammatory peripheral neuropathy
Guillain Barre syndrome
29
ascending, rapid loss of motor strength, symmetric weakness, sensory symptoms w/out deficits, loss of DTRs, ANS dysfunction
Guillain-Barre syndrome
30
Guillain-Barre etiology
post-infectious, resp. or GI- commonly Campylobacter jejuni
31
autoimmune, antibodies form against ACh nicotinic receptors at NMJ- affects striated muscles
myasthenia gravis
32
ptosis, diplopia, opthalmoplegia, weakness of face/extremities, dysphagias. Symptoms increase throughout day or with exertion
myasthenia gravis
33
developmental motor delay, progressive weakness of LMN due to degeneration of anterior horn cells
spinal muscle atrophy syndrome
34
progressive, flaccid weakness; decreased spontaneous movements, hypotonia, decrease or loss of DTR, fasciculations & muscle atrophy. Difficulty sitting, failure to stand, increased drooling
Spinal Muscle Atrophy Syndrome
35
headache, n/v, loss of balance, speech issues, sleepiness, personality changes, new onset seizures
pediatric brain tumor
36
peds neuro eval includes?
ROS/hx head circumference fontanelles CN evaluation
37
developmental delay definition
not reaching a milestone 2 standard deviations below the norm
38
screening test for developmental delay
Denver II