Period 7 1898-1945 3/12/2025

Question 1

What manufacturing system did Henry Ford perfect in 1914?

Answer 1

Assembly line manufacturing

This system allowed workers to focus on a single operation, increasing efficiency.

Question 2

How did the assembly line impact worker productivity?

Answer 2

Workers remained in one place and performed the same operation repeatedly at rapid speed

This reduced time lost in movement across the factory.

Question 3

What were the main energy technologies contributing to economic growth?

Answer 3

Increased use of oil and electricity

Coal was still used primarily for railroads and heating homes.

Question 4

What government policies in the 1920s favored big business?

Answer 4

Corporate tax cuts and minimal enforcement of antitrust laws

This was a shift from the Progressive Era’s stricter regulations.

Question 5

Fill in the blank: The increased use of _______ and electricity contributed to economic growth.

Answer 5

oil

Question 6

True or False: The government in the 1920s actively enforced antitrust laws.

Answer 6

False

The government did almost nothing to enforce these laws during this period.

Question 7

What was a major advantage of the assembly line for manufacturing?

Answer 7

Increased productivity by reducing movement time

This allowed for faster production rates.

Question 8

What industry did the automobile replace as the key promoter of economic growth?

Answer 8

The railroad industry

Question 9

Name one way the automobile affected shopping.

Answer 9

Increased accessibility to shopping locations

Question 10

How did the automobile influence traveling?

Answer 10

Promoted traveling for pleasure

Question 11

What role does the automobile play in commuting?

Answer 11

Facilitates commuting to work

Question 12

Fill in the blank: The automobile has had impacts on _______ in dating.

Answer 12

Dating

Question 13

What is a negative social consequence of increased automobile use?

Answer 13

Traffic jams

Question 14

What are two consequences of automobile accidents?

Answer 14

Injuries and death

Question 15

List three industries that depend on automobiles.

Answer 15

• Manufacturing
• Retail
• Insurance

Question 16

True or False: The automobile has had no significant impact on American society.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

What burden did farmers face after borrowing heavily during the war?

Answer 17

A heavy burden of debt

Farmers expanded their operations but were left with significant financial liabilities.

Question 18

Which new technologies helped farmers increase production in the 1920s?

Answer 18

Chemical fertilizers and gasoline tractors

These technologies were introduced to enhance agricultural productivity.

Question 19

Did new technologies solve farmers’ problems in the 1920s?

Answer 19

No

While they increased production, they did not address the underlying financial issues.

Question 20

What was the effect of increased productivity on farmers’ debts?

Answer 20

It increased their debts

Growing surpluses led to falling prices, worsening the financial situation for farmers.

Question 21

Fill in the blank: Farmers borrowed heavily to expand during the war and were left with a heavy burden of _______.

Answer 21

debt

Question 22

True or False: The introduction of new technologies in farming completely resolved the financial issues faced by farmers in the 1920s.

Answer 22

False

New technologies did not eliminate the challenges farmers encountered.

Question 23

What was the relationship between growing surpluses and prices for farmers in the 1920s?

Answer 23

Growing surpluses produced falling prices

This economic dynamic further exacerbated the financial strain on farmers.

Question 24

What burden did farmers face after borrowing heavily during the war?

Answer 24

A heavy burden of debt.

Many farmers expanded their operations during the war, leading to financial strain post-war.

Question 25

What new technologies helped farmers increase production in the 1920s?

Answer 25

Chemical fertilizers and gasoline tractors. ## Footnote These technologies contributed to higher agricultural output.

Question 26

Did the new technologies solve farmers' problems in the 1920s?

Answer 26

No, they did not solve their problems. ## Footnote Despite increased production, farmers still faced significant challenges.

Question 27

What was the effect of increased productivity on farmers' debts?

Answer 27

It increased their debts. ## Footnote Growing surpluses led to falling prices, exacerbating financial issues.

Question 28

Fill in the blank: Farmers who had borrowed heavily to expand during the war were left with a heavy burden of _______.

Answer 28

debt.

Question 29

What happened to wages during the 1920s?

Answer 29

Wages rose during the 1920s

Question 30

What was the trend in union membership during the 1920s?

Answer 30

Membership in unions declined 20%

Question 31

What practice did most companies insist on that affected union membership?

Answer 31

Open shop

Question 32

What is welfare capitalism?

Answer 32

Voluntarily offering improved benefits and higher wages to employees

Question 33

Who led the United Mine Workers?

Answer 33

John Lewis

Question 34

What types of strikes did the United Mine Workers experience?

Answer 34

Violent and ultimately unsuccessful strikes

Question 35

In which states did the United Mine Workers suffer setbacks?

Answer 35

Pennsylvania, West Virginia, & Kentucky

Question 36

What actions did conservative courts take against labor movements?

Answer 36

Issued injunctions against strikes and nullified labor laws

Question 37

Fill in the blank: The union movement went ______ during the 1920s.

Answer 37

backward

Question 38

What cultural movement is symbolized by jazz in the 1920s?

Answer 38

Jazz Age ## Footnote Jazz became a representation of new and modern cultures, especially brought North by African Americans.

Question 39

What medium did radio replace for mass communication?

Answer 39

Newspaper ## Footnote The advent of radio significantly changed how information was disseminated to the public.

Question 40

Which two major broadcasting companies allowed nationwide program listening?

Answer 40

NBC and CBS ## Footnote These companies played a crucial role in unifying the American audience through shared programming.

Question 41

Who became the new heroes for Americans during the Jazz Age?

Answer 41

Celebrities from the sports page and movie screen ## Footnote There was a notable shift in admiration from political figures to entertainment icons.

Question 42

What was the expectation for middle class women in the home?

Answer 42

To stay at home as homemakers and mothers ## Footnote This reflects the traditional gender roles prevalent during that time.

Question 43

What types of jobs were women limited to in the labor force?

Answer 43

Clerks, nurses, and teachers ## Footnote These roles were considered socially acceptable for women in the workforce.

Question 44

What term describes the changing social norms regarding sexual behavior during this period?

Answer 44

Revolution in Morals ## Footnote This period saw a shift in attitudes towards promiscuity.

Question 45

What was a significant social behavior change reflected in this era?

Answer 45

Fashion and Smoking ## Footnote Both were indicators of changing societal norms.

Question 46

What statistic reflects the divorce rate by 1930?

Answer 46

1 in 6 marriages ended in divorce ## Footnote This highlights the increasing acceptance of divorce during this time.

Question 47

What became the new American goal in education?

Answer 47

Universal High School graduation ## Footnote This marked a significant shift towards valuing education for all.

Question 48

Who are some writers associated with the 'lost generation'?

Answer 48

F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ernest Hemingway, T.S. Eliot, Eugene O'Neill

Question 49

What did the 'lost generation' express disillusionment with?

Answer 49

The ideals of an earlier time and materialism

Question 50

What style emerged from the fusion of art and technology in architecture?

Answer 50

Art Deco

Question 51

What inspired painters during this period?

Answer 51

Rural people, the heartland, loneliness, and isolation of urban life

Question 52

Fill in the blank: Writers such as F. Scott Fitzgerald and Ernest Hemingway are part of the _______.

Answer 52

lost generation

Question 53

True or False: The 'lost generation' writers embraced the materialism of their time.

Answer 53

False

Question 54

Fill in the blank: The architectural style that combines art and technology is called _______.

Answer 54

Art Deco

Question 55

What was the Harlem Renaissance?

Answer 55

A cultural movement featuring talented African American actors, artists, musicians, and writers in Harlem

Question 56

Where was the largest African American section in NYC?

Answer 56

Harlem

Question 57

Name a notable poet of the Harlem Renaissance.

Answer 57

Langston Hughes

Question 58

Who was a prominent novelist during the Harlem Renaissance?

Answer 58

Claude McKay

Question 59

Identify a famous jazz musician from the Harlem Renaissance.

Answer 59

Duke Ellington

Question 60

Which iconic musician was known for his contributions to jazz during the Harlem Renaissance?

Answer 60

Louis Armstrong

Question 61

Who founded the United Negro Improvement Association?

Answer 61

Marcus Garvey

Question 62

What year was the United Negro Improvement Association brought by Marcus Garvey?

Answer 62

1916

Question 63

The United Negro Improvement Association advocated for which three main ideas?

Answer 63

* Black nationalism * Black separatism * Back to Africa movement

Question 64

True or False: Marcus Garvey was arrested for fraud.

Answer 64

True

Question 65

What are some key values in conflict during the described period?

Answer 65

• Division in Religion • Modernism • Changing roles of women • Scientific knowledge

Question 66

What theory did Darwin propose that was a point of contention?

Answer 66

Darwin's theory

Question 67

What movement is characterized by a strict adherence to traditional beliefs?

Answer 67

Fundamentalism

Question 68

Who condemned modernists during this period?

Answer 68

Fundamentalists

Question 69

What belief system interprets the Bible literally and rejects evolutionary theory?

Answer 69

Creationism

Question 70

Who was a prominent revivalist known for attacking drinking, gambling, and dancing?

Answer 70

Billy Sunday

Question 71

Which revivalist condemned communism and jazz?

Answer 71

Aimee Semple McPherson

Question 72

What was the name of the trial that involved the teaching of evolution in schools?

Answer 72

Scopes Trial

Question 73

What action did fundamentalists take regarding the teaching of evolution?

Answer 73

Banned teaching about evolution

Question 74

Who was the teacher involved in the Scopes Trial?

Answer 74

John Scopes

Question 75

What was the outcome of John Scopes' trial?

Answer 75

Convicted but later overturned

Question 76

What remains a controversial topic between religion and education?

Answer 76

Religion and public schools

Question 77

What are some key values in conflict during the described period?

Answer 77

• Division in Religion • Modernism • Changing roles of women • Scientific knowledge

Question 78

What theory did Darwin propose that was a point of contention?

Answer 78

Darwin's theory

Question 79

What movement is characterized by a strict adherence to traditional beliefs?

Answer 79

Fundamentalism

Question 80

Who condemned modernists during this period?

Answer 80

Fundamentalists

Question 81

What belief system interprets the Bible literally and rejects evolutionary theory?

Answer 81

Creationism

Question 82

Who was a prominent revivalist known for attacking drinking, gambling, and dancing?

Answer 82

Billy Sunday

Question 83

Which revivalist condemned communism and jazz?

Answer 83

Aimee Semple McPherson

Question 84

What was the name of the trial that involved the teaching of evolution in schools?

Answer 84

Scopes Trial

Question 85

What action did fundamentalists take regarding the teaching of evolution?

Answer 85

Banned teaching about evolution

Question 86

Who was the teacher involved in the Scopes Trial?

Answer 86

John Scopes

Question 87

What was the outcome of John Scopes' trial?

Answer 87

Convicted but later overturned

Question 88

What remains a controversial topic between religion and education?

Answer 88

Religion and public schools