Peritoneum, Omentum, Epiploic Spaces, Ligaments, Abnormal Viscera, and Esophagus

Question 1

the parietal peritoneum is derived from

Answer 1

mesoderm

Question 2

what happens after the rotation and development of the greater curvature of the stomach during development

Answer 2

the peritoneal cavity is divided into the greater and lesser peritoneal scas

Question 3

what sac is the main and large part of the peritoneal cavity

Answer 3

the greater sac

Question 4

if i make an incision through the anteriolateral abdomen what sac do i puncture

Answer 4

the greater sac

Question 5

the omental bursa or lesser sac lies where

Answer 5

posterior to the stomach and lesser omentum

Question 6

transverse mesocolon divides the abdominal cavity into what

Answer 6

supracolic compartment

infracolic compartment

Question 7

supracolic compartment contains what

Answer 7

stomach liver and spleen

Question 8

infracolic compartment contains what

Answer 8

small intestine, ascending and descending colon

Question 9

mesentery divides infracolic compartment that is located behind the greater omentum into what two parts

Answer 9

right and left infracolic spaces

Question 10

communication between the supracolic and infracolic compartment hows

Answer 10

through the paracolic gutters

located on the lateral sides of the ascending and descending colons

Question 11

what is the sac like cavity that is under the stomach and lesser omentum

Answer 11

the omental bursa

Question 12

the two recess of the omental bursa are

Answer 12

superior and inferior recess

Question 13

which omental recess is limited by the diaphragm superiorly and the posterior ayers of coronary ligament of the liver

Answer 13

superior recess

Question 14

where is the inferior recess of the omental bursa located

Answer 14

between the superior parts of the greater omentum

Question 15

what can be located by running a finger along the gallbladder to the free edge of the lesser omentum

Answer 15

the omentum foramen

Question 16

how many fingers does the omentum foramen permit

Answer 16

2

Question 17

what results in the passage of fluid into omental bursa

Answer 17

preforation of the posterior wall of the stomach

Question 18

an inflammed or injured pancreas can result in what

Answer 18

passage of pancreatic fluid in bursa

pancreatic pseudo-cyst

Question 19

what can sometimes happen in regards to objects passing through the omentuem foramen

Answer 19

loop of small intestines and they can be strangled by the edges of the omentum foramen

Question 20

if a loop of small intestine slips through the omental foramen the boundaries cannot be incised why

Answer 20

because they contain blood vessels

Question 21

what must happen to the cystic artery during a cholecystectomy

Answer 21

it must be ligated or clamped and severed during this procedure in order to remove the gall bladder

Question 22

principle viscera of the abdomen are

Answer 22

• terminal part of esophagus
• stomach
• spleen
• intestines
• liver
• bladder
• kidneys
• adrenal glands

Question 23

what divides the liver into right and left lobes

Answer 23

falciform ligament

Question 24

where does digestion mostly occur

Answer 24

in the stomach and duodenum

Question 25

absorption for chemical compunds occurs where

Answer 25

the small intestine

Question 26

most reabsorption of water occurs where

Answer 26

ascending colon

Question 27

atrial supply to the alimentary tract is from?

Answer 27

the abdominal aorta

Question 28

what are the three major branches of the aorta that supply the gut?

Answer 28

celiac trunk superior mesenteric artery inferior mesenteric artery

Question 29

what is the main channel of the portal venous system which collects blood from the abdominal part of the alimentary tract

Answer 29

portal vein

Question 30

what is the muscular tube that s 2cm and conveys food from the pharynx to the stomach

Answer 30

esophagus

Question 31

what are the three esophageal constrictions

Answer 31

1. cervical constriction 2. thoracic constriction 3. diaphragmatic constriction

Question 32

what constriction is at the beginning of the pharyngeoesophageal junction

Answer 32

cervical contricion

Question 33

what a compound constriction that is crossed by the arch of the aorta and also by the main brnochus

Answer 33

thoracic constriction

Question 34

what constriction happens at the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm

Answer 34

diaphragmatic constriction

Question 35

inferior third of esophagus is made up of what muscle? the middle third, superior?

Answer 35

- smooth muscle - smooth and striated - striated

Question 36

at what level of vertebra does the esophagus pass through the esophageal hiatus

Answer 36

T10

Question 37

what attahces the esophagus to the margins of the esophageal iatus

Answer 37

phrenicoesophageal ligament

Question 38

where does abdominal esophagus pass after going through the esophageal hiatus

Answer 38

the cardial orifice of the stomach

Question 39

what is the posterior surface of the esophagus covered with

Answer 39

the peritoneum of the omental bursa

Question 40

the right border of the esophagus is continuous with the lesser curvature and the left border is what

Answer 40

separated by the fundus of the stomach by the cardial notch

Question 41

what is the lumen of the esophagus like when one is not eating

Answer 41

it is collapsed, so that food and gastric juices do not go into the esophagus

Question 42

arterial supply for the abdominal esphagus

Answer 42

the left gastric artery and the left inferior phrenic artery

Question 43

lymphatic drainage of the abdominal esophagus is to where

Answer 43

left gastric lymph nodes

Question 44

what is the esophagus innervated by

Answer 44

esophageal plexus

Question 45

when large volumes of blood cause the submucosal vein to englarge it is called

Answer 45

esophageal varices

Question 46

esophageal varcies usually form in who

Answer 46

alcoholics

Question 47

what is the most common form of esophageal discomfort

Answer 47

pyrosis (heartburn)

Question 48

pyrosis can be associated with

Answer 48

hiatal hernia