pervasive devt disorder

Question 1

conditions that are seperately on DSM IV now under ASD on DSM V

Answer 1

autistic d/o
Asperger
childhood disintegrative d/o
pervasicve d/o NOS

seperate na and RETT

Question 2

how to dx with ASD

Answer 2

1. Deficits / diff in social commu/ interaction, as manifested by the ff :
   - deficits in social-emotional reciprocity
   - nonverbal commu behaviors
   - diff in dev, maintaining and understanding relationships
2. RRB restrictive repetitive behaviors, 2 out of 4
   - stereotypical movts , speech
   - fixated interests
   - extreme adhernce with routine
   - hypo/hyperariousability with sensory stimulation

severity : depends on the social domain and RRB

Question 3

marked social impairement but normal cognition, adaptive and language

Answer 3

Asperger

Question 4

T / F

head circumf growth deckine at 6mos among px with RETT

Answer 4

True .

mutation at MECP 2 gene

at 6mos - changes
head circum, decline in language witrh MR

preschool yrs- apraxia and ataxia

Question 5

documented neurobiologic/ physiologic cganges in pxs with autism

Answer 5

Inc total brain vol 
grand mal sezi
inc ventricular size
EEG abnormalities- non sp
elevated serotinin levels

Question 6

On DSM V no age is specificied for dx of autism.. but in DSM V .. abn fxn should begin at least at … age

Answer 6

at 3 yrs .

Question 7

most common comorbid of autism ?

Answer 7

MR

autistic d/o is 4-5x more common among boys vs girls

Question 8

most common complain of parents of pxs with autism ? ano una nila napapanisn?

Answer 8

Delays in acquisition of language

Question 9

diff bet autism and asperger ? dsm IV to a

Answer 9

asperger
later onset, les simopairment 
less severe social and commu deficits 
less prominent agreesion/ self injurious 
more freq motor clumsiness
struggle socially but not withdrawn 

no significant delay in language, cognitive and self help skills

Question 10

Possible pharmaco mgts in pxs with autism

for decraesing stereotypic behaviors

diminish aggression, irritability seld injurious behavior

obsessive-compulsive behaviors

Answer 10

for decraesing stereotypic behaviors - opiate antagonist

diminish aggression, irritability seld injurious behavior - D2 blockers, or D2 + serotonin blocking

obsessive-compulsive behaviors - SSRI

Question 11

unintentional muscle movement , a.k.a. motor overflow

Answer 11

Synkinesia

vs.
Dyspraxia- diff exhibiting sequentail, coordinated motor movements .

Dyskinesia - diff performing movements

Hypotonus/ hypertonus- abn in muscle tone

Impersistence- ianvility to sustain body posture

Question 12

risk factors for dev of dev coordination d/o ?

Answer 12

prematurity 
perinatal hypoxia
malnutrition'
low birth weight 
exposure to nicotine, alcohol and cocaine 

Reading d/o - May, June, july

Question 13

what are the 4 domains of languange competence

Answer 13

Phonology - ability to prod sounds
semantics - organiztaion of concepts
grammar- organization of words, rules about placing words
Pragmatics- skill in actual use of language

Question 14

How to DX I.D. ?

Answer 14

3 criteria must be met
1. deficits in intellectual ability - prob solving, reasoning, planning - proven by clinical AND std test

2. deficits in adaptive fxng - one or more : communication, special fxn
3. onset is within devt period

Question 15

Diff of I.D vs GDD

Answer 15

I.D.
3 criteria must be met
1. deficits in intellectual ability - prob solving, reasoning, planning - proven by clinical AND std test

2. deficits in adaptive fxng - one or more : communication, special fxn
3. onset is within devt period

GDD- < 5yrs old, when px cannot has diff undergoing std test

Unspecified I.D. > 5yrs
diff in assessment due to sensory / physical impairements ( blind/ deaf)

Question 16

when is someone considered as a late talker ?

Answer 16

children with normal cognitive fxn, fewer than 50 words, no word combinations at age 2 yrs.

usually improve at preschool years

Intervention if with persistence at age 4-5 yrs

Question 17

selective mutism is associated with … by 95%

Answer 17

social phobia

selective mutism- consistent failure to speak in specific social situations where speaking is expected. lack of speech must interfere with acheivements/ communications, must last at least 1month.

Question 18

disturbance in programming of speech ,movements assoc with ormary insukt to the left cerebral hemishopere

organic cause include endocrine dysf and laryhngeal papilloma

sentences are short, incomplete , ungrammatical

speech sounds [prob

cleft lip and palate

Answer 18

disturbance in programming of speech ,movements assoc with ormary insukt to the left cerebral hemishopere- verbal apraxia

organic cause include endocrine dysf and laryhngeal papilloma - voice disorder

sentences are short, incomplete , ungrammatical - Expressive language disorder

speech sounds [prob- phonological

cleft lip and palate - phonological

Question 19

communicative d/o are more common among females

T/F

Answer 19

false

expressive language disorder
mixed recetive-expressive d/o
phonological
stuttering

Question 20

cluttering, dysrythmic spurt of words is cahrac of :

Answer 20

expressive lamnguage d/o

peak of stuttering : 2-3.5yrs , 5 and 7 yrs