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Pharm Test Flashcards

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1
Q

What do steroids/ corticosteroids end in

A

Sone

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2
Q

What does methylpredisone, prednisone, and dexamethasone do (action)

A

Suppress inflammation, alter immune response and prevent organ rejection

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3
Q

What is the education for methylprednisone, prednisone, and dexamethasone

A

Don’t double dose
Don’t stop suddenly - taper
Tell doc of severe abd cramping or tarry stool
Avoid live virus vaccines

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4
Q

What are the contraindications for meds methylprednisone, prednisone, and dexamethasone

A

Untreated infections
Live virus vaccines
Chronic treatment

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5
Q

What are some interventions you would want to do for methylprednisone, prednisone, and dexamethasone

A

Monitor adrenal suppression
Monitor I/O weight edema
Monitor electrolytes, glucose, cholesterol
Assess for changes in LOC and headaches

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6
Q

What are some side effects you can expect for methylprednisone, prednisone, and dexamethasone

A 
Depression/euphoria 
hypertension 
acne 
ADRENAL SUPPRESSION 
decreased wound healing 
anorexia 
muscle wasting
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7
Q

What do the meds Lisinopril (prinivil), Captopril (capoten), and Valsartan (diovan) do

A

Lowers BP

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8
Q

what are some side effects you would expect for Lisinopril (prinivil), Captopril (capoten), and Valsartan (diovan)

A 
dizziness
hypotension 
angioedema 
insomnia 
taste disturbances 
increased HR
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9
Q

what are some interventions for Lisinopril (prinivil), Captopril (capoten), and Valsartan (diovan)

A

monitor BP (lying standing sitting)
assess for angiodemea
monitor renal function (urine protein, BUN, creatine)
monitor for fluid overload (weight)

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10
Q

what are some contraindications for Lisinopril (prinivil), Captopril (capoten), and Valsartan (diovan)

A

renal impairment
hypovolemia
history of angioedema
HF

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11
Q

What is the education for Lisinopril (prinivil), Captopril (capoten), and Valsartan (diovan)

A

tell doc of rash, fever, sore throat
dont stop unless told to by doc
dont double dose
may cause hypoglycemia in beginning

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12
Q

what does Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), Furosemide (Lasix) and Spironolactone (Aldactone) have in common

A

they are all diuretics

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13
Q

what does Furosemide (lasix) do

A

stops absorption of sodium to promote increase urine secretion

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14
Q

what is the education for Furosemide (lasix)

A

dont double dose
change positions slowly
tell doc if you gain more the 3lbs in 1 day

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15
Q

what are the contraindications for Furosemide (lasix)

A

liver disease
allergy to sulfa
electrolyte depletion
renal impairment

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16
Q

what are the side effects of Furosemide (lasix)

A 
steven-johnson 
dehydration 
low sodium or potassium 
hypovolemia 
metabolic alkalosis
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17
Q

what are the interventions for Furosemide (lasix)

A

assess fluid status (weight, I/O)

monitor BP and pulse before and during treatment

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18
Q

What does Spirolactone (aldactone) do

A

promotes urine secretion and saves potassium while doing it

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19
Q

what is the education for Spirolactone (aldactone)

A

avoid driving and alcohol

dont use oral diphenhydramine

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20
Q

what are the interventions for Spirolactone (aldactone)

A

monitor I/O weight
check potassium and sodium levels
monitor BUN and creatine

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21
Q

what are the side effects of Spirolactone (aldactone)

A 
dizziness 
arrhythmias 
hyperkalemia 
erecticle dysfunction 
hyponatermia
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22
Q

what are the contraindications for Spirolactone (aldactone)

A

hyperkalemia
acute renal insufficiency
diabetes
anuria

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23
Q

what does Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) do

A

Excretion of water and sodium via urine can lower BP

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24
Q

what is the education for Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)

A

dont double dose
take at same time every day
monitor BP

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25
what are the side effects of Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)
``` steven-johnson dizziness hypotension hypokalemia dehydration and muscle cramps ```
26
What are the contraindications for Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)
lactation or pregnancy | renal or hepatic impairment
27
what are the interventions for Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)
``` monitor BP monitor I/O weight assess for rash allergy to sulfa monitor electrolytes, BUN and creatine ```
28
What does Oxybutynin (Ditropan) do
anticholinergic | clams overactive bladder by relaxing muscle contractions and increases bladder capacity
29
what is the education for Oxybutynin (Ditropan)
avoid driving and alcohol good oral hygiene overheating is possible bc inability to sweat
30
what are the side effects for Oxybutynin (Ditropan)
``` dry mouth dizziness constipation inability to sweat urinary retention increase thirst ```
31
what are the contraindications for Oxybutynin (Ditropan)
urinary retention Pregnancy renal impairment
32
what are the interventions for Oxybutynin (Ditropan)
monitor I/O catheter can be used after voiding for residuals assess for anticholinergic effects (sedation and weakness) in older adults
33
what does ketolorac (toradol) do
NSAID | short term management of pain
34
what is the education for ketolorac (toradol)
dont double dose dont take more then 5 days avoid driving and alcohol may cause temporary infertility in women
35
what are the side effects of ketolorac (toradol)
``` drowisness MI stroke stevens-johnson GI bleeding renal toxicity urinary frequency ```
36
what are the contraindications for ketolorac (toradol)
``` peptic ulcer GI bleeding alcohol intolerance advanced renal impairment pregnacy ```
37
what are the interventions for ketolorac (toradol)
``` monitor BP assess for fluid retention assess pain levels evaluate liver function may increase BUN, creatine and potassium ```
38
What does phenazopyradine (pyridium)
bladder analgesic | Relieves UTI pain
39
what is the education for phenazopyradine (pyridium)
stop med when symptoms resolve CAN CAUSE REDDISH ORANGE PEE tell doc if you get a rash or skin discoloration
40
what are the side effects of phenazopyradine (pyridium)
headache hepatotoxicity reddish orange pee renal failure
41
what are the contraindications for phenazopyradine (pyridium)
glomerulonephritis severe hepatitis renal failure
42
what are the interventions for phenazopyradine (pyridium)
check renal function | do not crush
43
what does gentamicin do
antibiotic - treats infections
44
what is the education for gentamicin
drink plenty of fluids | Hypersensitivity: tinitus, vertigo, hearing loss difficulty urinating
45
what are the side effects for gentamicin
headaches NEPHROTOXIC diarrhea bronchospasm, cough
46
what are the contraindications for gentamicin
Intestinal impaction renal impairment COPD, asthma
47
what are the interventions for gentamicin
monitor BUN and Creatine monitor neurological status monitor I/O assess infection
48
what does Trimethorpim/ Sulamethoxazole (bactrium DS) do
antimicrobial | treats infection
49
what is the education for Trimethorpim/ Sulamethoxazole (bactrium DS)
finish all of the med dont take meds for diarrhea use sunscreen bc of photosensitivity
50
what are the side effects of Trimethorpim/ Sulamethoxazole (bactrium DS)
steven-johnson NV hepatic and epidermal necrosis Cdiff-associated
51
what are the contraindications of Trimethorpim/ Sulamethoxazole (bactrium DS)
folate deficiency renal impairment HIV
52
what are the interventions Trimethorpim/ Sulamethoxazole (bactrium DS)
``` ensure no allergy to sulfa assess for rash monitor for diarrhea monitor CBC and urinalysis may increase creatine and potassium ```
53
what does kayexalate do
lowers potassium
54
what is the education for kayexalate
avoid laxatives or antacids | may cause systematic alkalosis
55
what are the side effects for kayexalate
``` hypokalemia hypocalcemia intestional necrosis constipation fecal impaction ```
56
what are the contraindications for kayexalate
life threatening hyperkalemia abnormal bowel function chronic constipation previous bowel resection
57
what are the interventions for kayexalate
monitor I/O weight monitor potassium levels assess abdomen and stools
58
what does Finasteride (proscar) do
stops testosterone to reduce prostate size
59
what is the education for Finasteride (proscar)
take even if symptoms improve may have to take up to 12 months increases risk of prostate cancer women avoid semen of men taking this can pose risk to fetus
60
what are the side effects for Finasteride (proscar)
prostate cancer angioedema breast cancer decreased libido and erection
61
what are the contraindications for Finasteride (proscar)
women hepatic impairment obstructive uropathy
62
what are the interventions for Finasteride (proscar)
``` assess prostate (rectal exams) assess for incomplete bladder emptying ```
63
what does the med tamulosin (flomax) do
treats urge, overflow and enlarged prostates in males
64
what is the education for tamulosin (flomax)
dont double dose avoid driving change positions slowly talk to doc before taking any cold remedies
65
what are the side effects of tamulosin (flomax)
dizziness, headaches, orthostatic hypotension,
66
what are the contraindications for tamulosin (flomax)
sulfa allergy cataract surgrey patients at risk for prostate carcinoma
67
what are the interventions for tamulosin (flomax)
``` monitor I/O edema weight assess prostate take 30 min after meal dont crush it dosage is started small and then worked up ```
68
what does Bismuth subsalicylate do
helps relieve symptoms of heart burn and reflux
69
what is the education for Bismuth subsalicylate
dont double dose drink plenty of fluids dont take more then 8 doses per day tell doc of diarrhea lasting more then 2 days
70
what are the side effects of Bismuth subsalicylate
nv | ringing ears
71
what are the contraindications for Bismuth subsalicylate
children renal failure dialysis
72
what are the interventions for Bismuth subsalicylate
monitor bowel functions black stools are temporary avoid asprin give on an empty stomach
73
What does PPIs end in
azole
74
what does omeprazole, rabeprazole, pantoprazole, and lansoprazole do
decrease acid reflux
75
what is the education for omeprazole, rabeprazole, pantoprazole, and lansoprazole
tell doc of black tarry stool take full course of meds avoid driving
76
what are the side effects of omeprazole, rabeprazole, pantoprazole, and lansoprazole
associated cdiff | hypersensitivity reactions
77
what are the contraindications of omeprazole, rabeprazole, pantoprazole, and lansoprazole
lacatation children hepatic impairment
78
what are the interventions of omeprazole, rabeprazole, pantoprazole, and lansoprazole
monitor bowel functions moniotr CBC may increase ALT and AST monitor magensium levels
79
what does sucralfate do
GI protectant | protects ulcers
80
what is the education for sucralfate
take for 4-8 weeks even if feeling better | check ups on ulcers
81
what are the side effects of sucralfate
constipation dry mouth drowisness dizziness
82
what are the contraindications for sucralfate
renal impairment | diabetes
83
what are the interventions for sucralfate
assess stools for blood assess abdominal pain assess ulcers
84
what do histamine blockers end in
dine
85
what does cimetidine, famotidine, and nizatidine do
healing and prevention of ulcers and decrease acid reflux
86
what is the education for cimetidine, famotidine, and nizatidine
dont double dose take even if feeling better dont smoke report black tarry stools
87
what are the side effects for cimetidine, famotidine, and nizatidine
confusion arrhythmias aplastic anemia
88
what are the contraindications for cimetidine, famotidine, and nizatidine
products that contain alcohol renal impairment Pregnancy and lactation
89
what are the interventions for cimetidine, famotidine, and nizatidine
assess stool for blood monitor CBC assess for confusion
90
what does the med garviscon do
antacid | lowers amount of acid in the stomach
91
what is the education for garviscon
dont smoke tell doc if dark tarry stool avoid driving
92
what are the side effects of garviscon
constipation nv diarrhea taste impairment
93
what are the contraindications of garviscon
H2 blockers benzyl alcohol pregnancy renal or hepatic disease
94
what are the interventions for garviscon
assess ulcers limit alcohol intake dont breast feed
95
what dose calcium carbonate do
antacid | calcium supplement
96
what is the education for calcium carbonate
dont take longer then 2 weeks increase fluids avoid alcohol, caffeine and tobacco
97
what are the side effects for calcium carbonate
vomiting stomach pain belching dry mouth
98
what are the contraindications for calcium carbonate
high calcium pregnancy decreased GI motility renal disease
99
what are the interventions for calcium carbonate
monitor calcium levels assess for constipation monitor for digoxin toxicity
100
what does Aluminum hydroxide do
antacid | Replacement
101
what is the education for Aluminum hydroxide
tell doc of black tarry stool white/pale stools are common avoid foods high in phosphate not meant for long term use
102
what are the side effects of Aluminum hydroxide
constipation nv fecal impaction
103
what are the contraindications for Aluminum hydroxide
pregnancy decreased GI motility renal disease
104
what are the interventions for Aluminum hydroxide
assess pain level s monitor aluminium/ phosphate levels monitor for constipation
105
what does magnesium hydroxide do
antacid | replacement
106
what is the education for magnesium hydroxide
not meant for long term use dont take at bed time shake suspension
107
what are the side effects of magnesium hydroxide
decreased RR drowisness diarrhea
108
what are the contraindications for magnesium hydroxide
obstruction increased magnesium decreased calcium renal deficency
109
what are the interventions for magnesium hydroxide
monitor for magnesium toxicity assess cause of constipation seizure precautions not for pregnant
110
what is the onset, peak and duration of regular insulin
onset- 30 min peak - 2-3 hours duration-6 hours
111
when should you take regular insulin
30 min before meals
112
what kind on insulin is levemir
long lasting insulin
113
what is the onset peak and duration of levemir
onset - 1.5 hours peak - none duration- 24 hours
114
what kind of insulin is humalog
rapid acting insulin
115
what is the onset peak and duration of humalog
onset - 15-30 min peak - 0.5-1.5 hours duration - 3-4 hours
116
when should you take humalog
15 mins before eating or right after eating
117
what does empagliflozin do
antidiabetic | lowers BG
118
what is the education for empagliflozin
take in the morning may cause yeast infections tell doc of any swelling on genitals or sores on the feet
119
what are the side effects for empagliflozin
necrotizing fascitis of genitals | urosepsis
120
what are the contraindications for empagliflozin
renal impairment type 1 diabetes diabetic ketoacidosis Pregnant
121
what are the interventions for empagliflozin
monitor for infection | observe for signs of hypoglycemia
122
what does Glipizide (glucotrol) do
antidiabetic | lowers BG
123
what is the education for Glipizide (glucotrol)
know ss of jaundice check BG regularly report bleeding, weight gain, swelling ankles, SOB no alcohol
124
what are the side effects for Glipizide (glucotrol)
photosensitivity hypoglycemia aplastic anemia
125
what are the contraindications for Glipizide (glucotrol)
sulfa allergy type 1 diabetes DKA
126
what are the interventions for Glipizide (glucotrol)
Check BG monitor CBC (report a decrease) may increase BUN and creatine
127
what does Exenatide do
antidiabetic | lowers BG
128
what is the education for Exenatide
ss of pancreatitis, hyper/hypoglycemia | A1c testing
129
what are the side effects of Exenatide
thyroid cell tumors pancreatitis diarrhea nv
130
what are the contraindications for Exenatide
thyroid cancer | type 1 diabetes
131
what are the interventions for Exenatide
ss of pancreatitic Pregnancy ss of hypoglycemia sick day
132
what does metformin do
antidiabetic | lowers BG
133
what is the education for metformin
ss of lactic acidosis monitor BG levels at home ID bracelet take with meals
134
what are the side effects for metformin
lactic acidosis, abdominal bloating nv diarrhea
135
what are the contraindications for metformin
``` creatine below 1.5 HF renal failure hepatic disease DKA ```
136
what are the interventions for metformin
monitor BG, CBC STOP before surgrey ss of lactic acidosis
137
what does phentemin-topimimate do
appetite suppression | aides in weight loss
138
what is the education for phentemin-topimimate
risk of suicidal ideation taper off may cause changes in mental performance and/or vision
139
what are the side effects for phentemin-topimimate
seizure steven-johnson hepatotoxicity constipation dry mouth
140
what are the contraindications for phentemin-topimimate
Pregnancy history of suicidal thoughts diabetes
141
what are the interventions for phentemin-topimimate
monitor weight monitor for changes in behavior monitor BP and HR
142
what does Liraglutide do
antidiabetic | aides in weight loss and glucose control
143
what is the education for Liraglutide
report skin effects if any, abdominal pain with nv dont use during pregnancy watch for thyroid lumps
144
what are the side effects for Liraglutide
suicidal ideation thyroid tumors pancreatitis
145
what are the contraindications for Liraglutide
pancreatitis Pregnancy breast feeding history of suicidal ideation
146
what are the interventions for Liraglutide
monitor for pancreatitis | monitor for thyroid lumps
147
what does orlistat do
anti-obesity | decreases fat absorbed
148
what is the education for orlistat
take a multivitamin | limit food intake by 30%
149
what are the side effects for orlistat
gas oily stool urgent bowel movements loose stools
150
what are the contraindication’s for orlistat
dont take with warfarin or HIV meds chronic malabsorption syndrome cholestasis
151
what are the interventions for orlistat
dont take longer then 12 mts monitor liver enzymes can cause GI upset
152
what does naltrexalone do
opiod antagonist
153
what is the education for naltrexalone
dont other steps to refrain from taking opiods | know the ss of opiod withdrawal
154
what are the side effects for naltrexalone
``` nv insomnia headcahe nervousness dizziness fatigue ```
155
what are the contraindications for naltrexalone
Opioid dependance Pregnancy children
156
what are the interventions for naltrexalone
seizure precaution monitor BP, LOC, RR assess opioid withdrawal
157
what does entecavir do
oral antiviral | decreases damage from hep b
158
what is the education for entecavir
``` tell doc of ss of lactic acidosis doesnt cure hep b avoid driving dont double dose take full course of med ```
159
what are the side effects of entecavir
``` hepatomegaly lactic acidosis nausea fatigue dizziness ```
160
what are the contraindications for entecavir
renal impairment | co infections of hep
161
what are the interventions for entecavir
monitor liver enzymes may increase ALT and AST may decrease albumin monitor signs of hep
162
what does beta blockers end in
lol
163
what does atenolol and metoprolo do
decreases BP and HR
164
what is the education for atenolol and metoprolo
dont double dose or skip take even if feeling better tell doc of slow pulse, wheezing, fever or rash increase sensititvty to cold
165
what are the side effects of atenolol and metoprolo
``` fatigue weakness bradycardia HF pulmonary edema erectile dysfunction ```
166
what are the contraindications for atenolol and metoprolo
``` uncompensated HF renal impairment pulmonary edema bradycardia heart block ```
167
what are the interventions for atenolol and metoprolo
``` monitor BP and HR, ECG monitor I/O weight assess for HF peripheral edema may increase BUN ```
168
what does interferon-alpha do
injectable antiviral for hep
169
what is the education for interferon-alpha
dont shake drink plenty of fluids injected into muscles best in evening before bed
170
what are the side effects of interferon-alpha
``` headache diarrhea dizziness dry mouth back pain ```
171
what are the contraindications for interferon-alpha
blood cell disorders diabetes another hep infection pancreatitis
172
what are the interventions for interferon-alpha
monitor liver function | monitor infection
173
what does Lithium carbonate do
interferes with thyroid hormone synthesis
174
what is the education for Lithium carbonate
drink lots of water high fetal risk SSRI risk
175
what are the side effects for Lithium carbonate
increased WBC increased thirst and pee ECG changes
176
what are the contraindications for Lithium carbonate
lithium toxicity cardiovascular disease renal impairment
177
what are the interventions for Lithium carbonate
monitor for lithium carbonate
178
what does aminoglutethide do
interferes with corisol production in the adreanal
179
what is the education for aminoglutethide
dont double dose | ask doc before stopping
180
what are the side efffects for aminoglutethide
measles like rash - itching on face and palms of hands | decreased WBC and RBC
181
what are the contraindications for aminoglutethide
infection kideny or liver disease underactive thyroid chickenpox/shingles
182
what are the interventions for aminoglutethide
monitor for adrenal suppression | monitor for hypoglycemia and hyponatermia
183
what does Soul-cortef do
corticosteriod | supress inflammaion and normal immune reasponse
184
what is the education for Soul-cortef
dont double dose taper off no live virus vaccines tell doc of tarry stool
185
what are the side effects for Soul-cortef
weight gain increase appetite period changes
186
what are the contraindications for Soul-cortef
untreated infections | chronic treatment
187
what are the interventions for Soul-cortef
monitor LOC | monitor sodium, glucose, and potassium
188
what does levothyroxine do
Replacement of thyroid hormone to aide in hypothiroidsm
189
what is the education for levothyroxine
1st thing in the morning on empty stomach | life long therapy
190
what are the interventions for levothyroxine
assess HR and BP assess thyroid function monitor glucose in diabetic patients
191
what are the contraindications for levothyroxine
recent MI Hyperthyroidism renal impairment
192
what are the side effects for levothyroxine
hyperthyroidsm - headache, insomnia, vomiting, diarrhea
193
what does desmopressin do
increases amount of fluid absorbed in the kidneys that fluid is returned to blood
194
what is the education for desmopressin
no alcohol | dont double dose
195
what are the side effects for desmopressin
hyponatermia dry mouth seizures
196
what are the contraindications for desmopressin
type 1 renal impairment hypertension
197
what are the interventions for desmopressin
monitor i/o BP signs of water intoxication assess for dehydration
198
what does psyllium do
bulk forming laxative | treats constipation
199
what is the education for psyllium
long term management 1hr before other meds drink plenty of water
200
what is the side effects for psyllium
abdominal cramping gas impaction
201
what are the contraindications for psyllium
GI obstruction fecal impaction GI ulceration
202
what are the interventions for psyllium
take with full glass of water | dont chew
203
what does infliximab do
autoimmune - immunomodulator | treats toxic megacolon and crohns
204
what is the education for infliximab
tell doc of fungal infection | adverse reactions can occure in 3-12 days
205
what are the side effects for infliximab
arrhythmias MI upper respiratory infection
206
what are the contraindications for infliximab
HF history of chronic infection lactation
207
what are the interventions for infliximab
monitor for infection | monitor CBC
208
what class is loperamide and imodium
antidiarrheals
209
what does loperamide and imodium do
relief of diarrhea
210
what is the education for loperamide and imodium
avoid driving and alcohol | tell doc if fever
211
what are the side effects for loperamide and imodium
cardiac arrest prolonged QT interval arrhythmias
212
what are the contraindications for loperamide and imodium
Abdominal pain with unknown cause | alcohol intolerance
213
what are the interventions for loperamide and imodium
assess stool and stool patterns | assess fluid and electrolyte balance
214
what does prochlorperazine do
antiemetic | decreased nausea/vomiting and anxiety
215
what is the education for prochlorperazine
tell doc of sore throat,fever avoid alcohol tell doc of abnormal bruising
216
what are the side effects for prochlorperazine
neuroleptic malignant syndrome extrapyridal effects dry eyes and mouth
217
what does odansteron do
antiemetic | decrease nv after chemo
218
what is the education for odansteron
tell of irregular heart beat | tell doc of involuntary movement of eyes or limbs
219
what are the side effects for odansteron
serotonin syndrome steven-johnson toxic epidermal necrolysis
220
what are the contraindications for odansteron
prolonged QT interval
221
what are the interventions for odansteron
monitor ECG, serotonin syndrome | assess for rash
222
what does lomotil do
antidiarrheal | decreases frequency of bowel movements
223
what is the education for lomotil
tell doc if symptoms dont improve dont double dose dont drink alcohol
224
what are the side effects for lomotil
``` rash stomach pain dry skin/mouth malaise loss of appetite ```
225
what are the contraindications for lomotil
shingles dehydration alcoholism
226
what are the interventions for lomotil
avoid GI irritants (alcohol, caffine) | drink plenty of water
227
what does mupirocin do
antibiotic cream | stops bacterial growth
228
what is the education for mupirocin
symptoms should resolve in a few days | can cover with guaze
229
what are the side effects of mupirocin
skin may burn, itch, sting
230
what are the contraindications for mupirocin
renal impairments | burn patients
231
what are the interventions for mupirocin
assess progress of healing
232
what does diphenhydramine do
antihistmaine | decreases pain from bites, reactions on skin
233
what is the education for diphenhydramine
causes photosensitvity monitor for urinary retention avoid alcohol and OTC cough med and driving
234
what are the side effects of diphenhydramine
photosensitivity urinary retention dry mouth anorexia
235
what are the contraindications for diphenhydramine
alcohol intolerance lactation asthma
236
what are the interventions for diphenhydramine
assess airways, urinary retention stop before skin test take at night
237
what do topical fungals end in
azole
238
what to PPIs end in
prazole
239
what is sulfadiazine used for
burn patinets
240
what happens to the skin when taking sulfadiazine
blue-green to black skin discoloration.
241
what is silver nitrate for
antiinfective | treats burns
242
what should you stay away from if you are taking cytotoxics
infections

NSG219 (11 decks)

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