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Hesi PN > pharmacology > Flashcards

pharmacology Flashcards

(108 cards)

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1
Q

What are the rights

A

patient
drug
dose
route
time
documentation

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2
Q

sub q sites

A

lateral aspect of lower part of the upper arm
abdoment in the umbilical region
thighs
posterior aspect of upper arm
back
lower loins

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3
Q

angle of of sub 2 injection

A

45

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4
Q

Im sites for adults

A

deltoid
ventrogluteal site
rectus femoris
vastus lateralis

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5
Q

Im infection angle

A

90

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6
Q

intradermal angle

A

10-15q

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7
Q

what drug should asthmatics avoid why

A

beta-blockers
may cause bronchospasm

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8
Q

What drugs should people with hypertension avoid and why

A

NSAIDS
increased blood pressure due to sodium retention

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9
Q

what drugs should people with Parkinson’s avoid and why

A

COX-2 inhibitors
worsening of Parkinson’s symptoms

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10
Q

what drugs should people with respiratory failure avoid and why

A

neuroleptics
respiratory depression

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11
Q

what drugs should people with epilepsy avoid and why

A

reduced seizure threshold

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12
Q

what drugs should people with chronic liver disease avoid and why

A

warfarin
increased sensitivity and bleeding

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13
Q

list anticoagulants

A

heparin
clopdogrel
warfarin
enoxaprin

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14
Q

uses for heparin

A

prevent blood clots
strokes
chronic a-fib
post op

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15
Q

normal and therapeutic aPTT

A

20-35s
1.5-2x normal

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16
Q

how often should aPTT levels be drawn to titrate

A

q4-6hrs

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17
Q

heparin antidote

A

protamine sulfate

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18
Q

side effects of bleeding

A

hematuria
hematemesis
bruising
downtrending H&H

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19
Q

complications of heparin

A

heparin induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis

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20
Q

when does HITT usually occur

A

5-10 days after heparin exposure

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21
Q

when should you expect HITT

A

unexplained platelet drop

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22
Q

clinical manifestations of HITT

A

skin lesions at heparin injection site
fever
chills
dyspnea
chest pain

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23
Q

normal PT

A

10-13s

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24
Q

normal and therapeutic INR

A

normal <1-2
therapeutic 2-3

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25
warfarin antidote
vitamin k contraindicated during pregnancy
26
anticonvulsants
phenytoin carbamezepine divalproex gabapentin lamotrigine levetiracetam
27
Therapeutic level for phenytoin
10-20mcg/ml
28
side effects of phenytoin
gingival hyperplasia
29
nursing considerations phenytoin
antacids can reduce effects
30
short acting antianxiety
midazolam onset:rapid duration 1-2 hours
31
intermediate acting antianxiety
alprazolam, intermediate, D 6-12hrs clonazepam, intermediate, d 18-50hrs lorazepam, rapid iv, intermediate po, 2-6 hrs
32
long acting antianxiety
diazepam, rapid, 20-50 hours
33
indication for lorazepam
anxiety, sedation, seizures
34
lorazepam nursing consideration
avoid alcohol monitor respiratory depression antidote flumazenil
35
types of antipsychotics
haloperidol quetiapine olanzapine
36
types of antihistamines
diphenhydramine promethazine cimetidine famotidine ranitidine
37
nursing considerations for diphenhydramine
monitor for drowsiness anticholinergic effects
38
Types of ace inhibitors
captopril enalapril lisinopril
39
angiotensin 2 receptor blocker
lorsartan
40
calcium channel blockers
amlodipine diltiazem nifedipine verapamil
41
nursing consideration for enalapril
discontinue if causes a dry cough monitor bp contraindicated in pregnancy
42
enalapril indications
hypertension chf
43
Lorsartan indications
hypertension dm neuropathy CHF
44
losartan nursing considerations
monitor BP monitor fluid levels monitor renal and liver status contraindicated during pregnancy
45
amlodipine indications
hypertension angina
46
nursing considerations for amlodipine
avoid grapefruit monitor BP - orthostatic hypotension cause gingival hyperplasia
47
beta blockers
propranolol atenolol metoprolol
48
propranolol indications
hypertension angina arrhythmias mi cardiomyopathy alcohol withdrawal anxiety
49
nursing considerations for propranolol
do not discontinue abruptly can mask the signs of hypoglycemia caution with asthma and cold-bronchospasm
50
antiarrhythmics
amiodarone adenosine procainamide atropine
51
adenosine indications
SVT
52
adenosine nursing considerations
systole after administration rapid push or won't work warn it may feel like they get kicked in the chest warn family about systole caution with asthmatics
53
atropine indications
excessive secretions sinus bradycardia heart block
54
nursing considerations for atropine
monitor for urinary retentions and constipation avoid in patients with glaucoma
55
Cardiac glycoside
digoxin
56
digoxin indications
heart failure a-fib a-flutter CHF cariogenic shock
57
signs of digoxin toxicity
vision changes blurred vision yellow green vision bradycardia>arrhythmias
58
therapeutic digoxin levels
.5-2ng/ml
59
Risk factors for digoxin toxicity
hypokalemia loop diuretics licorice extract acts like aldosterone (black licorice) hypomagnesemia hypercalcemia eldery
60
classes of anti-infectives
ahminoglycosides fluoroquinolones macrolides vanco penicillins and cephalosporins antivirals antifungals
61
an amino glycoside
gentamicin
62
fluoroquinolones
ciprofloxacin levofloxacin
63
macrolides
erythromycin azithromycin
64
penicillins and cephalosporins
amoxicillin ampicillin ancef
65
antifungals
amphotericin b metronidazole nystatin
66
gentamicin indications
gram negative infections
67
nursing considerations for gentamycin
monitor for tinnitus do not administer wit penicillin
68
ciproflaxicin indication
infection
69
ciprofloxacin nursing indications
can cause qt prolongation decreases effects of phenytoin
70
vancomycin indications
infection, sepsis
71
nursing considerations for vancomycin
monitor for ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity red-man syndrome administer over at least 60 minutes, central line preffed
72
amoxicillin indication
infections, skin, respiratory, endocarditis
73
nursing considerations for amoxicilliin
monitor for rash monitor kidney function
74
Rescue meds
albuterol ipratropium
75
long term respiratory meds
guaifenesin-expectorant montelukast- theophyline
76
albuterol nursing considerations
be cautions with heart disease, diabetes, glaucoma or seizures causes tachycardia
77
loop diuretics
bumetanide furosemide torsemide
78
potassium sparing diuretics
triamterene amlioride spirolactone
79
thiazide diuretics
chlorothiazide clorthalidone hydrochlorothiazide indapamide
80
uses of loop diuretics
increase urinary output, edema, chf, blood pressure management
81
nursing considerations of loop diuretics
monitor potassium levels
82
uses for potassium spring diuretics
hypertension edema swelling hypokalemia
83
nursing considerations for potassium sparing diuretics
monitor potassium levels not as strong as other diuretics, may combine with others
84
uses for thiazide diuretics
hypertension, chf
85
nursing considerations for thiazide diuretics
monitor electrolyte levels monitor BP
86
GI medications
bisacodyl lactulose metoclopramide ondansetron omeprazol pantoprazole
87
ondansetron indications, nursing considerations
nausea vomiting administer slowly fast push can cause qt prolongation and vt
88
omeprazole indications
GERD, ulcers
89
omeprazole nursing considerations
administer 30-60 minutes before meal report black, tarry stools
90
NSAIDS
aspirin ibuprofen naproxen
91
Acetaminophen max daily dose
4g
92
acetaminophen antidote
n-acetylcysteine
93
NSAID uses
pain, inflammation, fever
94
nursing considerations for NSAIDS
can cause prolonged bleeding can cause peptic ulcers
95
acetylsalicylic acid (asprin) nursing considerations
risk of bleeding reyes syndrome can occur wit viral infections only use with meds for Kawasaki disease
96
opioids
morphine fentanyl hydromorphone methadone oxycodone
97
morphine nursing considerations
CNS depressant constipation is a side effect monitor respiratory rate antidote is naloxone
98
What do tocolytics do
slow contractions
99
types of tocolytics
terbutaline magnesium-sulfate indomethacin nifedipine
100
what to oxytocin's do
stimulate contractions
101
types of oxytocics
oxytocin ergometrine misprostol
102
magnesium sulfate indications
hypomagnesemia, torsade de point, preeclampsia, preterm labor, seizures, asthma exacerbation
103
nursing considerations for magnesium sulfate
monitor for hypermagnesemai give IV slowly
104
oxytocin indications
induction of labor, PPH
105
nursing considerations for oxytocin
monitor contractions monitor fetus warn mother contractions will be more painful monitor BP, HR, glucose, and k
106
Steroids
betamethasone dexamethasone cortisone fluticasone methylprednisolone
107
methylprednisolone indications
inflammation, allergy, autoimmune disorders
108
nursing considerations of methylpredisolone
monitor for cushings immunosupression hyperglycermia osteoporosis delayed wound healing

Hesi PN (24 decks)

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