Pharmacology Flashcards
(51 cards)
define “Ke”
it is the elimination rate constant i.e:
the amount of drug eliminated by the body per unit time
calculate Ke if the amount of drug in the body is 100% and 10% is eliminated per unit time
0.1
define first order kinetics
rate of elimination is DIRECTLY proportional to the drug conc
what happens to the Ke and t1/2 of 1sr order drugs when the dose is changed
THEY DONT CHANGE
what is clearance?
the volume of PLASMA cleared of drug per unit time
clearance only applies to drugs that exhibit __ order kinetics
first
what parameter determines the maintenance dose rate of a drug
clearance
for drugs that exhibit first order kinetics, the steady state plasma conc is __ related to the infusion rate
linearly
steady state plasma conc is reached after approx __ half lives
5
Vd is…
the volume into which a drug appears to be distributed with a conc equal to that of plasma
t/12 = /
VD/Cl
give an example of a zero order drug
ethanol
phenytoin
what does zero order kinetics mean?
drug is eliminated at a constant rate
phase 1 of drug metabolism?
oxidation reduction and hydrolysis
phase 2 of drug metabolism?
conjugation
main aim of drug metabolism?
increase polarity
how does phase 1 increase polarity?
adds a chemically reactive group
how does phase 2 increase polarity?
adds an endogenous compound
where does drug metabolism occur?
liver
only bound/unbound drug molecules can enter the glomerular filtrate
unbound
which of these drugs doesnt have to be monitored in renal impairment and why: ACEi PPI B blocker diuretic statin allopurinol
PPI
almost completely metabolised by the liver so avoids the kidneys
diuretics must be given after an MI T or F
F
what kind of diuresis do loop diuretics provide
strong
which of these drugs is most likely to cause hyperkalaemia: ACEi PPI B blocker diuretic statin allopurinol
ACEi
