Physiology Flashcards

(39 cards)

1
Q

your FEV1/FVC ratio has to be under _% to be diagnosed with COPD

A

70

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

why is gas exchange affected in emphysema?

A

destruction of the alveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

pulmonary compliance is __creased in emphysema; why?

A

increased

lose elasticity of tissue so its easier for the lung to expand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

emphysematous lungs have a problem with compliance/recoil

A

recoil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

dynamic airway compression is more likely to occur during active expiration/inspiration

A

active expiration

raising intrapleural pressure which will compress the airways

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what chemoreceptors are affected in anxiety?

A

central

autonomic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

2 components of COPD

A

emphysema and bronchitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

pathophysiology of airways in COPD

A

fixed airway obstruction and decreased surface area for gas exchange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

pathophysiology of airways in fibrosis

A

reduced pulmonary compliance and impaired gas diffusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

inc alveolar surface tension….

A

surfactant in newborns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

reversible airway obstruction…

A

asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

pathophysiology of the SoB in LHF?

A

reduced pulmonary compliance because of oedema and impaired gas diffusion as a result

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

according to the O2/haem dissociation curve, how much does O2 need to drop before the Hb drops too

A

O2 needs to decrease ALOT before Hb decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what effect does fibrosis have on an ABG?

A

affects the diffusion of gases esp oxygen as it thickens the membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

which diffuses more readily: CO2 or O2?

A

CO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

which gas will be most affected in pulm fibrosis?

A

O2 as CO2 is more readily diffusible through the lungs

17
Q

what cause the tingling and numbness in an anxiety attack?

A

low calcium as a result of resp alkalosis

it binds to albumin and becomes biologically inactive

18
Q

how does calcium exist in the blood?

A

free unbound

bound to albumin

19
Q

functional residual capacity constitutes about _% of the lung capacity

20
Q

a low PO2 causes pulmonary vaso____

21
Q

larger airways are supplied by the pulm/systemic circulation

22
Q

does B2 or B1 agonists cause bronchodilation?

A

B2

2 lungs 1 heart

23
Q

surface area for gas exchange remains constant in the absence of disease T or F

A

F

it increases with exercise etc

24
Q

decreased lung diffusion capacity indicates what about the alveoli?

A

decreased surface area of the alveoli due to disease

25
examples of restrictive lung disease?
pulm fibrosis | sarcoidosis
26
what works faster: digoxin or ACEi?
ACEi | digoxin takes 24hrs so not good acutely
27
what cardio drugs are NOT given in heart failure
calcium channel blockers
28
Tx acute heart failure
IV furosemide + nitrate infusion
29
MoA nitrates
venous dilatation which reduces preload
30
PO2 is normal/low/high in an anxiety attack
normal
31
breath sounds are ___ed in pneumothorax
decreased/nil
32
compensation is fast/slow in resp acidosis
slow
33
when would you get a low pO2 in COPD?
if you have an acute infection eg acute bronchitis
34
resp alkalosis with a low pO2
altitude
35
resp alkalosis with a normal pO2
anxiety
36
the problem is within the airways or lung parenchyma in restrictive lung disease
lung parenchyma
37
ketone bodies are acidotic/alkalotic
acidotic
38
what kind of crackles would you hear with fluid in the lungs
fine
39
what drug is prescribed to help with anxiety in terminal illness
lorazepam