Pharmacology for Pharmacy Review Flashcards
(118 cards)
1
Q
ampule
A
A sealed glass container that usually contains a single dose of medicine. The top of the ampule must be broken off to open the container.
2
Q
aromatic water
A
A mixture of distilled water with an aromatic volatile oil.
3
Q
A
4
Q
buccal
A
Pertaining to the inside of the cheek.
5
Q
buffered tablet
A
A tablet that prevents ulceration or irritation of the stomach wall.
6
Q
caplet
A
A tablet shaped like a capsule.
7
Q
capsule
A
A solid dosage form in which the drug is enclosed in either a hard or soft shell of soluble material.
8
Q
A semisolid emulsion of either the oil-in-water or the water-in-oil type, ordinarily intended for topical use.
A
cream
9
Q
The amount of medication per unit of measure.
A
dosage strength
10
Q
A clear, sweetened, hydroalcoholic liquid intended for oral use.
A
elixir
11
Q
emulsion
A
A system containing two liquids that cannot be mixed together in which one is dispersed, in the form of very small globules, throughout the other.
12
Q
enteric-coated tablet
A
A tablet covered in a special coating to protect it from stomach acid, allowing the drug to dissolve in the intestines.
13
Q
A pharmacopeial liquid preparation of vegetable drugs, made by filtration, containing alcohol as a solvent or as a preservative, or both.
A
fluidextract
14
Q
form
A
The structure and composition of a drug.
15
Q
gavage
A
Feeding with a stomach tube.
16
Q
gel
A
A jelly or the solid or semisolid phase of a colloidal solution.
17
Q
gelcap
A
An oil-based medication that is enclosed in a soft gelatin capsule.
18
Q
granule
A
A very small pill, usually gelatin- or sugar-coated, containing a drug to be given in a small dose.
19
Q
induration
A
An excessive hardening or firmness of any body site. It is one of the signs of inflammation.
20
Q
intradermal injection
A
Between the layers of the skin. A dose of an agent administered between the layers of the skin.
21
Q
intramuscular injection
A
Inside a muscle. Normally used in the context of an injection given into a muscle.
22
Q
intravenous injection
A
Into a vein. Most commonly used in the context of an injection given directly into a vein.
23
Q
liniment
A
A liquid preparation for external use, usually applied by friction to the skin.
24
Q
A semisolid preparation applied externally to protect the skin or to treat a dermatologic disorder.
A
lotion
25
A small, disk-shaped tablet composed of solidifying paste containing an astringent, an antiseptic, or an oil-based drug used for local treatment of the mouth or throat. It is held in the mouth until dissolved. Also known as a troche.
lozenge
26
A mutual incorporation of two or more substances, without chemical union, in which the physical characteristics of each of the components are retained.
mixture
27
A semisolid preparation that usually contains medicinal substances and is intended for external application.
ointment
28
oral
Pertaining to the mouth. Medication given by mouth.
29
parenteral
Administration by some means other than through the gastrointestinal tract; referring particularly to introduction of substances into an organism by intravenous, subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intramedullary injection.
30
paste
A topical, semisolid formulation containing a pharmacologically active ingredient in a fatty base.
31
pill
A small, globular mass of soluble material containing a medicinal substance to be swallowed.
32
plaster
A solid preparation that can be spread when heated and that becomes adhesive at the temperature of the body.
33
powder
A dry mass of minute separate particles of any substance.
34
solution
A liquid dosage form in which active ingredients are dissolved in a liquid vehicle.
35
spirit
An alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solution of volatile substances; also called an essence.
36
subcutaneous injection
The administration of medication by means of a needle and syringe into the layer of fat and blood vessels beneath the skin.
37
Pertaining to the area under the tongue.
sublingual
38
Refers to both the dosage strength and the form of the drug: the number of measured units per tablet of the concentration of a drug.
supply dosage
39
suppository
A small, solid body shaped for ready introduction into one of the orifices of the body other than the oral cavity (e.g., rectum, urethra, or vagina), made of a substance, usually medicated, that is solid at ordinary temperature but melts at body temperature.
40
A liquid dosage form that contains solid drug particles floating in a liquid medium.
suspension
41
A capsule that provides a controlled release of the dosage over a designated period of time.
sustained-release (SR)
42
A liquid preparation in a concentrated aqueous solution of a sugar used for medicinal purposes or to add flavor to a substance.
syrup
43
tablet
A solid dosage form containing medicinal substances with or without suitable diluents.
44
An alcoholic solution prepared from vegetable materials or from chemical substances.
tincture
45
Pertaining to a drug that is applied to the surface of the body.
topical
46
total volume
The quantity contained in a package.
47
A small, disk-shaped tablet composed of solidifying paste containing an astringent, antiseptic, or oil-based drug used for local treatment of the mouth or throat. It is held in the mouth until dissolved. Also known as a lozenge.
troche
48
A small glass or plastic bottle intended to hold medicine.
vial
49
An intensely itchy skin eruption larger than a hive.
wheal
50
A method of intramuscular injection of medication in which the skin must be pulled to one side before the tissue is grasped for the injection of such medication. It is used when a drug is highly irritating to subcutaneous tissues or has the ability to permanently stain the skin.
Z-track method
51
The three types of drug names are __________, __________, and __________.
chemical, generic, trade
52
The __________ name is the official name of the drug.
generic
53
The __________ name is assigned by the manufacturer and protected by copyright.
trade (or brand)
54
The five basic sources of drugs are __________, __________, __________, __________, and __________.
plants, animals, minerals, synthetic chemicals, bio-/genetically engineered drugs
55
__________ is a drug derived from the foxglove
Digitalis
56
Table salt, iron, potassium, silver, and gold are drugs derived from __________ sources.
earth and soil
57
Pancreatin, pepsin, thyroid hormone, and insulin can come from __________.
animal fluids, glands, and enzymes
58
Meperidine, sulfonamides, and oral contraceptives are made from __________ substances.
synthetic/artificial
59
Newer forms of insulin are made using __________ or __________.
gene splicing, genetic engineering
60
Drugs can be classified by physical state as __________, __________, __________, and __________.
gases, liquids, solids, semisolids
61
gases, liquids, solids, semisolids
chewable, sublingual, enteric
62
Plasters are made from __________ and __________ that harden when dry.
liquid, powder
63
Capsules contain medication in a(n) __________ shell.
gelatin
64
__________-release capsules are released over time.
Sustained (or timed)
65
__________ are tablets shaped like capsules and film-coated.
Caplets
66
__________ are soft gelatin capsules containing oil-based medication.
Gelcaps
67
__________ are drugs dried and ground into fine particles.
Powders
68
__________ are small particles inside a gelatin capsule
Granules
69
__________ or __________ are flattened disks for mouth/throat application.
Troches, lozenges
70
__________ are inserted into the rectum, vagina, or urethra.
Suppositories
71
__________ is a greasy medication applied to the skin.
Ointment
72
______ is a non-greasy preparations with a water base, applied to the skin or administered via an applicator (intravaginal _____)
Cream
73
Jelly like. substance for topical application
Gel
74
applied to skin
lotion
75
topical with fatty base ingridient
paste
76
method of delivery for some semisolid dosage forms
patches
77
consist of a high concentration of sugar in water, which may or may not hav e medicinal substances added
syrups
78
drugs dissolved in a solvent (normal saline)
solutions
79
alcohol containing liquids used as solvents also called essences
spirtis
80
consists of water, alcohol, and sugar
elixir
81
alcoholic preparations of soluble drugs
tinctures
82
concentrated solutions of a drug removed from plant sources
fluid extracts
83
mixtures of drugs with oil, soap, water, or alcohol
liniments
84
agents mixed with a liquid but not dissolved: must be shaken before use
mixtures and suspensions
85
mixtures of distilled water with an aromatic volatile oil
aromatic waters
86
Preparations of two agents that are not ordinarily mixed, such as oil inside water; most creams and lotions are _____
emulsions
87
Gaseous drugs include _________ gasses and ________ gases
anesthetic, compressed
88
Principles of drug administration include determination factors:
-_____ of medication
-_____ and _______ state of the patient
-________ of the drug
action, physical, emotional, characteristics
89
Principles of drug administration
other factors include:
-____ of patient
-______ and __________ of patient
-______, ______, ________, and elimination of drugs
Age, Disease, Condition, Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism
90
The _____ route is the safest and most convenient route of drug administration
oral
91
________ or _________ of food in the stomach affects absorption rate
presence, absense
92
______ drugs are usually not used when the patient is nauseated or vomiting
Oral
93
Equipment needed for oral administration
-medicine/water ______
-Medicine ______ / Oral _____-
-Calibrated ______
-_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __________ - used when rapid action is desired (migraine and angina medications)
-_____ is placed between the cheek and gum
cup, dropper, syringe, spoon, sublingual, buccal
94
Administration of drugs, other than through the digestive system is called______ because the drugs by pass the G.I. tract
Parenteral
95
Basic equipment needed for parenteral administration inclues;
-_______
-_________
-_________ or Vials
-solutions, ______, and others
Needles, syringes, ampoules, powders
96
there are two types of needles ______ (most common) and ________
Disposable and non-disposable
97
Needle ______ is the diameter of the lumen or opening at the beveled tip
gauage
98
range from ___ to ____ engage sides with lengths between __/__ inch and __ inches
13 to 31
3/8
2
99
The ______ of the gauge of the _____ of its diameter of its lumen
Larger, smaller
100
Needles consist of five parts
Point, lumen, shaft, hub, hilt
101
disposable ________ are sterilized, prepackaged, nontoxic, nonpyrogenic, and ready for use
syringes
102
Syringe sizes range from ___ to ___ cc
0.5 to 50 cc
103
most frequently use sizes are _, _, and _ cc syringes
1, 3, and 5
104
Typically used for intramuscular or sub, subcutaneous injections
Hypodermic
105
prevent needle sticks, the injector pan used for insulin administration
Retractable needle cover
106
calibrated in units specifically for diabetes use
sizes are 0.5 and 1 cc
Insulin
107
used for small injections made intradermally also used an allergy testing
Tuberculin syringe
108
come with a single dose of medication already inside for one time use
Prefilled syringe
109
small, sealed glass containers, usually holding a single dose
Ampules
110
small bottles with rubber stoppers, through which a sterile needle is inserted for the withdrawal of a dose of medication. Some are for multiple uses.
Vials
111
________ refers to injection of liquid substances into the body via a sterile needle and sterile syringe
parenteral
112
_________ _________ can be liquid or powder ( reconstituted to a liquid)
parenteral medications
113
________ __________ include muscles (intramuscular)
veins (intravenous)
skin (intradermal or subcutaneous)
spinal column
parenteral routes
114
Intradermal injections are given _____ THE SKIN
WITHIN
115
if a intradermal injection is given correctly a small ______ occurs on the skin
wheal
116
for intradermal injections a _/_ inch or a ___ or a ___ guage needle is used
3/8 27 or 28
117
angle of insertion is __ degrees almost parallel to the skin surface
15
118
