Flashcards in Pharmacology History Deck (16)
1
Why were the Smith and Ebres papyruses of significance?
Contained recipes for precriptions
2
When did the first vaccination for smallpox occur?
In India around 600BC
3
What did Paracelsus, the Swiss surgeon who denounced the notion of humors, popularize?
The use of tinctures and extracts
4
William Harvey, in 1628, was the first to _______
describe passage of blood through arteries and veins due to heart beat
5
What was significant about the idea of an "active principle"
first time preparations thought of as a drug rather than magic with dose affecting magnitude of effect
6
What was the significance of Claude Bernard's experiments with curare?
Found that it acted at neuromuscular junction - one of first drug mechanisms described
7
Who is JJ Abel?
The father of American psychology :)
8
John Langley discovered neurotransmission in the _______________ and developed the notion that drugs bound to a _______________
autonomic nervous system, receptive substance
9
Besides being the father of chemotherapy, what term did Paul Ehrlich coin?
Receptor!
10
In 1965, the first receptor ________ drug was produced
antagonist
11
An agonist ______ receptor while an antagonist ________ receptor
stimulates, blocks
12
Describe the three transduction mechanisms that an agonist employs
1) enzyme activation/inhibition
2) ion channel modulation
3) DNA transcription
13
An antagonist ______ receptor via blockage of ___________
blocks, agonists
14
Digitalis, a drug used in heart failure, is an inotrope in that it functions to _____________________________
alter force or energy of muscular contractions
15
What are negative side effects of digitalis?
1) blocks AV node --> can cause sinus bradycardia, atrial arrhythmias or first degree block
2) disturbs red/green color vision, points of light exhibit halos
16