phase 2 saq

Question 1

What classification system is used to stage symptoms of heart failure

Answer 1

New York Heart Association (NYHA) Classification

Question 2

first line and gold standard tests for heart failure

Answer 2

1st line = NT Pro-BNP

Gold standard = Echocardiogram

Question 3

What scale can be used to assess the impact of breathlessness

Answer 3

MRC dyspnea scale

Question 4

common triggers of anaphylaxis

Answer 4

Foods: nuts, peanuts, eggs, milk shellfish etc

Stings: wasps or ants (bees used in case), latex

Medications: antibiotics, aspirin etc

Question 5

What medication is used to treat anaphylaxis and what route is used

Answer 5

IM Adrenaline

Question 6

What blood test can confirm anaphylaxis retrospectively

Answer 6

Mast cell tryptase

Question 7

follow up tests after anaphylaxis discharge

Answer 7

Referral to allergy clinic/ allergy testing

avoidance advise/ education

given epipen

Question 8

three differentials for a breast lump:

Answer 8

Breast Implant, Hamartoma, Breast Cyst, Breast Abscess, Lipoma,

Question 9

Name three examination findings for someone with breast cancer:

Answer 9

Breast lump, nipple retraction, nipple scaling, nipple discharge (bloody), Paget’s disease of the
nipple, peau d’orange, skin dimpling/thickening, axillary lymphadenopathy. Systemic features

Question 10

two cancers that COCP protects against and two that it increases the risk of

Answer 10

Increased risk of breast/ cervical cancer

lowers risk of ovarian/ endometrial

Question 11

define sensitivity

Answer 11

Proportion of people with a disease that have a positive test result

Question 12

define specificity

Answer 12

Proportion of people without the disease that have a negative test result

Question 13

mechanism of action of clopidogrel:

Answer 13

P2y12 inhibitor

Question 14

two findings that would be seen in an ECG with AF:

Answer 14

Irregularly irregular QRS complexes

no P waves

Question 15

What scoring system is used to identify the risk of stroke in patients with AF:

Answer 15

CHADSVASc

Question 16

What findings on lumbar puncture would indicate bacterial meningitis:

Answer 16

Cloudy appearance
High/ raised protein count
Low glucose
High/ raised neutrophil

Question 17

three symptoms a child with diabetes may present with

Answer 17

4 Ts: Tiredness, Thin/ low BMI/ weight loss, Thirsty (polydipsia), Toilet (polyuria), bed wetting.

Question 18

name for deep, rapid breathing

Answer 18

Kussmaul breathing

Question 19

iatrogenic complications that can arise from the treatment of DKA:

Answer 19

Hypokalaemia, cerebal oedema, hypoglycaemia

Question 20

main surgical option for managing BPH:

Answer 20

TURP

Question 21

three differentials for a rise in PSA:

Answer 21

prostatitis
BPH
UTI
ejaculation
excercise

Question 22

treatment for myasthenia crisis

Answer 22

IV immunoglobulins or plasma exchange, intubation and ventilation

Question 23

what is Lhermitte’s sign

Answer 23

electric shock-like sensation occurring on flexion of the neck

Question 24

What findings may be found on lumbar puncture in a patient with MS:

Answer 24

oligoclonal bands in the CSF, raised IgG, increased WBCs