Physical Activity, Sport, Exercise and society Pg 16-28

Question 1

Birth–1 yr PA

Answer 1

Encourage floor-based play from birth in safe, supervised spaces for healthy development.

Question 2

1–3 yrs PA

Answer 2

Toddlers should be active daily for at least 3 hours, spread throughout the day.

Question 3

<2 yrs Sedentary

Answer 3

No TV or media use. Avoid being restrained or inactive for more than 1 hour at a time.

Question 4

2–5 yrs Sedentary

Answer 4

Limit screen time to <1 hr/day. Don’t keep inactive or restrained for over 1 hour.

Question 5

5–12 yrs PA

Answer 5

At least 60 mins of moderate–vigorous PA daily for health benefits.

Question 6

5–12 yrs Sedentary

Answer 6

Limit electronic entertainment to ≤2 hrs/day. Lower use = lower health risks.

Question 7

13–17 yrs PA

Answer 7

60+ mins mod–vig PA daily + muscle/bone strengthening on 3+ days/week.

Question 8

13–17 yrs Sedentary

Answer 8

Limit entertainment screen time to ≤2 hrs/day. Lower use = reduced health risks.

Question 9

18–64 yrs PA

Answer 9

150–300 mins mod or 75–150 mins vig PA/week + strength training 2+ days/week.

Question 10

18–64 yrs Sedentary

Answer 10

Minimise prolonged sitting. Break up long sitting periods when possible.

Question 11

65+ yrs PA

Answer 11

Do some PA regardless of age/health. Aim for 30+ mins of moderate PA most days.

Question 12

What is MET?

Answer 12

Metabolic Equivalent = energy used in activity vs resting energy use.

Question 13

Benefits of measuring PA (pop)

Answer 13

Provides evidence on behaviour, shows key issues, tracks population-level progress.

Question 14

Benefits of measuring PA (individual)

Answer 14

Gathers specific info, allows tailored strategies, helps motivate more PA.

Question 15

2 types of assessment tools

Answer 15

Subjective = personal perception. Objective = measurable/observable data.

Question 16

What is a recall survey?

Answer 16

Subjective tool to assess PA and sedentary levels in a population.

Question 17

Recall survey by proxy?

Answer 17

Completed by someone else (e.g. parent/teacher) for those with limited ability.

Question 18

Recall survey advantages

Answer 18

Cheap, easy, collects large amounts and a range of data.

Question 19

Recall survey disadvantages

Answer 19

Low accuracy, poor recall, not suited for kids <10 or elderly due to cognition.

Question 20

Diary – advantage & disadvantage

Answer 20

Records anytime = good accuracy. But can be a burden needing regular input.

Question 21

What is a pedometer?

Answer 21

Small device clipped to clothing that counts steps.

Question 22

Pedometer advantages

Answer 22

Cheap and easy to use.

Question 23

Pedometer disadvantages

Answer 23

Doesn’t track upper body, swimming, cycling. Causes reactivity.

Question 24

What is accelerometry?

Answer 24

Uses motion sensors to record movement via tiny transmitters.

Question 25

Accelerometry advantages

Answer 25

Small, tracks both PA and sedentary behaviour.

Question 26

Accelerometry disadvantages

Answer 26

Can’t identify activity type/context. Still causes some reactivity.

Question 27

SOFIT – stands for & measures

Answer 27

System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time – tracks PA, lesson type, teacher behaviour in PE.

Question 28

SOPLAY – stands for & measures

Answer 28

System for Observing Play and Leisure Activity in Youth – assesses PA in free play (e.g. recess/lunch).

Question 29

What is a personal activity tracker?

Answer 29

Wearable device that tracks physical activity and health metrics.

Question 30

Tracker advantages

Answer 30

Can track many dimensions fairly accurately. Easy and comfy to wear.

Question 31

Tracker disadvantages

Answer 31

Expensive for some. Less accurate for free play or stationary movement (e.g. treadmill).