Physiology 4 Flashcards

1
Q

what part of the nephron does the majority of reabsorption occur?

A

proximal convoluted tubule

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2
Q

GFR = ___ml/min

A

GFR = 125ml/min

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3
Q

what do kidneys NOT reabsorb?

A

creatinine

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4
Q

reabsorption is ________ compared to ____________ with is non-specific

A

reabsorption is SPECIFIC compared to FILTRATION with is non-specific

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5
Q

about __ml/min of filtered fluid is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule

A

about 80ml/min of filtered fluid is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule

(GFR = 125 ml/min → 45 ml/min flow into Loop of Henle)

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6
Q

is there change in osmolarity of fluid as passes through the tubule?

A

no

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7
Q

sugars, amino acids, phosphate, sulphate and lactate are all reabsorbed/secreted in the PT

H+, hippurates, neurotransmitters, bile, uric acid, drugs and toxin are all reabsorbed/secreted in the PT

A

sugars, amino acids, phosphate, sulphate and lactate are all reabsorbed in the PT

H+, hippurates, neurotransmitters, bile, uric acid, drugs and toxin are all secreted in the PT

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8
Q

name the 2 types of reabsorption that occurs along the tube into/out of the capillary

A

transcellular and paracellular

through the cell and in-between the cells

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9
Q

name the 3 types of carrier-mediated membrane transport

A

primary active transport

secondary active transport

facilitated diffusion

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10
Q

what transport:

the carrier molecule is transported coupled to the concentration gradient of an ion (usually Na+)

A

secondary

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11
Q

what transport:

passive carrier-mediated transport of a substance down its concentration gradient

A

facilitated diffusion

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12
Q

what transport:

Energy is directly required to operate the carrier and move the substrate against its concentration gradient (sodium potassium pump)

A

primary

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13
Q

the presence of what at the basolateral membrane is important in maintains the sodium gradient?

A

Na+-K+ ATPase pump

sodium potassium pump

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14
Q

what should you think of when you hear oncotic?

A

plasma proteins

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15
Q

how much glucose is normally reabsorbed into the proximal tubule?

A

100%

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16
Q

67% of what 2 things are reabsorbed in the PT?

A

salt and water

17
Q

100% of what is reabsorbed in the PT?

A

glucose and amino acids

18
Q

Na+ reabsorption is driven by what?

A

basolateral Na+-K+ ATPase

19
Q

water is reabsorbed by what?

A

osmosis

20
Q

tubular fluid is ___-osmotic when it leaves the proximal tubule

A

tubular fluid is ISO-osmotic when it leaves the proximal tubule