Physiology Quiz 6 (Resipratory)

Question 0

Intrapleural pressure

Answer 0

Pressure within thoracic cavity

Question 1

Interpulmonic pressure

Answer 1

Pressure within lungs

Question 2

Intraplural pressure is always….

Answer 2

Negative

Question 3

Contraction of diaphragm does what

Answer 3

Increase pressure in thoracic cavity and lungs

Question 4

Tidal volume

Answer 4

Volume of air inhaled and exhaled

Question 5

Typical value of tidal volume

Answer 5

500mL; will increase with exercise

Question 6

Dead space

Answer 6

Regions not involved in gas exchange

When Vidal volume is taken in a portion of the air goes to dead space

Question 7

Types of dead space

Answer 7

Anatomic

Physiologic

Question 8

Anatomic dead space

Answer 8

Volume of respiratory tree that does not normally participate in gas exchange which is supplied with air from tidal volume

Question 9

Typical volume of anatomic dead space

Answer 9

150ml

Question 10

Physiologic dead space

Answer 10

Volume in the lung which normally participates in gas exchange that is supplied with air but is not now participating in gas exchange

Question 11

How does physiological dead space occur

Answer 11

Small bronchiole closes off (usually by mucous plug) and area distal to that blockage no longer participates in gas exchange

Question 12

Sigh reflex

Answer 12

Deeper than normal tidal breath, counters atelectasis

Question 13

Atelectasis

Answer 13

Something causing small bronchiole to become closed off

Question 14

What counters atelectasis

Answer 14

Sigh reflex

Exercise with hyperpnea

Question 15

What diseases are associated with atelectasis

Answer 15

COPD

emphysema

Question 16

Inspiratory reserve volume

Answer 16

Maximal volume that can be inhaled at he end of a normal tidal volume

Question 17

Inspiratory reserve volume decreased in what populations

Answer 17

COPD
Smokers
Emphysema
Asthma

Question 18

Expiratory reserve volume

Answer 18

Maximal amount of air that can be exhaled at the end of normal tidal volume

Question 19

Expiratory tidal volume decreased in what populations

Answer 19

COPD
smokers
Asthma

Question 20

What is a more sensitive indicator of pulmonary dysfunction

Answer 20

Expiratory reserve volume

Question 21

What happens to the bronchiole with asthma

Answer 21

Constricte; inhibits air flow

Question 22

What does respiratory bronchiole do

Answer 22

Collapses in forced expiration to not allow air to leave alveolar clusters; happens sooner in emphysema and COPD

Question 23

Eupnea

Answer 23

Quiet breathing at rest

Question 24

Hyperpnea

Answer 24

Increased rate and depth of breathing

Question 25

Vital capacity

Answer 25

Sum of Inspiratory reserve volume Expiratory reserve volume tidal volume

Question 26

Vital capacity is reduced in what populations

Answer 26

COPD | smokers

Question 27

Residual volume

Answer 27

Volume of air that can never be expelled

Question 28

Residual volume is larger in what populations

Answer 28

COPD | smokers

Question 29

Forced exploratory volume

Answer 29

Volume that can be expelled FEV 1 FEV 2

Question 30

FEV 1

Answer 30

Volume of air that can be expelled during first second (~70% vital capacity)

Question 31

FEV 2

Answer 31

Volume of air that can be expelled during the first 3 sec (~90% vital capacity)

Question 32

Forced expiratory volume is reduced in what populations

Answer 32

COPD asthma Smokers