PICLEC: GROUP VIIIA & VIIIB Flashcards by Eros Stear

This group is known as ‘The Noble gas’
- Inert gas/elements
- Chemically inert/stable/unreactive
- Monoatomic gases
+ all except Radon(Rn) occur in atmosphere

GROUP VIIIA - THE NEON GROUP

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GROUP VIIIA - THE NEON GROUP
- Produced during natural decay of radium

RADON

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GROUP VIIIA - NEON
- “Sun”

HELIUM

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GROUP VIIIA - NEON
- “Sun”
- Mixed with Anesthetic gases
- Natural air = 20% Oxygen, 79% Nitrogen
- Artificial air = 20% Oxygen, 80% Helium

HELIUM

(TIP: Helium & Artificial = Hartificial)

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GROUP VIIIA - NEON
- “New”

NEON

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GROUP VIIIA - NEON
- “New”
- Used in signs due to bright reddish-orange light

NEON

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GROUP VIIIA - NEON
- “Lazy”

ARGON

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GROUP VIIIA - NEON
- “Lazy”
- Used to displace oxygen and moisture-containing air in packaging material to extend the shelf- lives of the contents

ARGON

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GROUP VIIIA - NEON
- “Hidden”

KRYPTON

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GROUP VIIIA - NEON
- “Hidden”
- Used in some photographic flashes for high-speed photography

KRYPTON

(TIP: dapat hidden siya since ito yung weakness ni Superman)

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GROUP VIIIA - NEON
- Anticancer (Anti-neoplastic) medications

RADON

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GROUP VIIIB - ELEMENTS
- This element’s name Came from the Greek word ‘Kupfernickle’ = “Satan or devil’s copper”

NICKLE

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GROUP VIIIB - ELEMENTS
- It is used extensively in the form of Alloys for utensils, coins, and surgical instruments

NICKLE

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GROUP VIIIB - ELEMENTS
- It is made up of Nickel (Ni) + Copper (Cu) + Zinc (Zn)

GERMAN SILVER

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GROUP VIIIB - ELEMENTS
- This element is Used as Adsorbent (dumidikit) for hydrogen in gas analysis
- Alloys with gold = Jewelry, dental practice, coating reflectors

PALLADIUM

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GROUP VIIIB - ELEMENTS
- This element’s Synonyms are:
1. Spanish name ‘Platina’ = “Silver”

PLATINUM

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GROUP VIIIB - ELEMENTS
- This element’s Properties are:
1. Resistant to corrosion
2. Dissolves in Aqua regia
3. More expensive jewelry than Gold

PLATINUM

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GROUP VIIIB - ELEMENTS
- This element is Used in the preparations of Crucibles, Dishes, and wires

PLATINUM

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GROUP VIIIB - PLATINUM
- Finely divided form
- A powerful catalyst (catalyst=speeds up reaction)

PLATINUM BLACK

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GROUP VIIIB - PLATINUM
ORGANOPLATINUM COMPOUNDS
(TIP: They all have ‘platin’)

CISPLATIN
CARBOPLATIN
OXALIPLATIN
SATRAPLATIN

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GROUP VIIIB - PLATINUM
ORGANOPLATINUM COMPOUNDS:
- Anticancer agent
- Binds to DNA and causes cross-linking, which triggers the programmed cell death(Apoptosis)
- Discovered by Rosenberg in 1965 serendipitously (accidental)

CISPLATIN

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GROUP VIIIB - PLATINUM
ORGANOPLATINUM COMPOUNDS:
- Its Side effects are:
1. Nausea and Vomitting
2. Nephrotoxicity - Kidney poisoning

In Dose-limiting:
3. Ototoxicity - Loss of high-frequency hearing
4. Peripheral neuropathy (neuro=nerves, pathy=pain/damage) - Damage to nerves of the peripheral nervous system
5. Myelosuppression - Bone marrow (home of WBC) suppression, Reduces the patient’s WBC count and makes them susceptible to Infections.

CISPLATIN

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GROUP VIIIB - PLATINUM
ORGANOPLATINUM COMPOUNDS:
- 2nd Generation Pt-based Anticancer drug
- Less reactive and has less Nephrotoxic and Ototoxic
- More Myelosuppressive

(lesser dose, less reaction and less toxic)

CARBOPLATIN

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GROUP VIIIB - PLATINUM
ORGANOPLATINUM COMPOUNDS:
- 3rd Generation Pt+based Anticancer drug
- Most effective combination with
1. 5-Fluorouracil and Leucoyorin in the Treatment of metastatic (cncer has metastasized) carcinomas of the Colo/Rectum

OXALIPLATIN

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GROUP VIIIB - PLATINUM ORGANOPLATINUM COMPOUNDS: - Orally active (can take ‘PO’ - “Per orem”, “Per oral”) - Milder toxicity - No cross-resistance - Not approved by FDA

STRAPLATIN

GROUP VIIIB - ELEMENTS - This element’s Name came from the Latin name: Ferum = “Strong” - Widely used metal + Low production + High strength + Fe + C = STEEL

IRON

GROUP VIIIB - IRON - Iron-containing water

CHALYBEATE WATER

GROUP VIIIB - ELEMENTS - This element’s Occurrence are: 1. Fe3O4 = MAGNETITE 2. Fe2O3 = HEMATITE 3. FeS2 = PYRITE (Fool’s gold)

IRON

GROUP VIIIB - IRON - “Fool’s gold’’

PYRITE

GROUP VIIIB - ELEMENTS - This element Exist as: 1. Elemental Iron 2. Ferrous Salts (Fe+2) 3. Ferric Salts (Fe+3)

IRON

GROUP VIIIB - ELEMENTS - It exists as Pure Iron resistant to Oxidation - It exists as Rusting (ferric oxide) is probably dur to impurities

ELEMENTAL IRON

GROUP VIIIB - ELEMENTS - It exists as Divalemt, Reduced form - It exists as Colorless in Anhydrous form - Green din hydrated form - Reducing agents

FERROUS SALT (Fe+2)

GROUP VIIIB - ELEMENTS - This element Exists as Trivalent, oxidize form - Yellowish to brown in Anhydrous form - Oxidizing agents - Give red ppt with tannins (food in plants)

FERRIC SALTS

GROUP VIIIB - ELEMENTS - This element is Used as: 1. Astringent 2. Styptic - Stops bleeding when applied to a wound 3. Hamatinic - Stimulates RBC production

IRON

GROUP VIIIB - ELEMENTS 1. Black stool - common side effect of iron preparation 2. Functions in Human body: - Iron as an Essential Trace Element (found in body with less concentration) - HEMOGLOBIN - MYOGLOBIN - CYTOCHROMES 3. Iron deficiency - Lethargy (nanlalambot) and weakness - Iron supplementation (solution for Anemia, best used w/ Ascorbic acid)

IRON

GROUP VIIIB - IRON FUNCTIONS IN HUMAN BODY: - Oxygen- transport metalloprotein in RBC

HEMOGLOBIN or HAEMOGLOBIN

GROUP VIIIB - IRON FUNCTIONS IN HUMAN BODY: - Facilitates O2 use and Storage in muscles (Myo=Muscles)

MYOGLOBIN

GROUP VIIIB - IRON FUNCTIONS IN HUMAN BODY: - Transport electron

CYTOCHROMES

GROUP VIIIB - IRON - 8x less effective thanFerrous sulfate - Hematinic

FERRIC AMMONIUM CITRATE

GROUP VIIIB - IRON - Treatment of Anemia requiring Iron and Arsenic

FERRIC CACODYLATE

GROUP VIIIB - IRON - Astringent - Styptic - Hematinic

FERRIC CHLORIDE

GROUP VIIIB - IRON - Red and Yellow for, - Colorant, Stimulate skin color (e.g. Calamine)

FERRIC OXIDE

GROUP VIIIB - IRON - Ferrous carbonate mass - Ferrous carbonate pills

FERROUS CARBONATE

GROUP VIIIB - IRON FERROUS CARBONATE: - “Vallet’s Mass” - Hematinic

FERROUS CARBONATE MASS

GROUP VIIIB - IRON FERROUS CARBONATE: - “Vallet’s Mass”

FERROUS CARBONATE MASS

GROUP VIIIB - IRON FERROUS CARBONATE: - “Chalybeate Pills”, “Ferruginous Pills” - Hematinic

FERROUS CARBONATE PILLS

GROUP VIIIB - IRON FERROUS CARBONATE: - “Chalybeate Pills”, “Ferruginous Pills”

FERROUS CARBONATE PILLS

GROUP VIIIB - IRON - “Green vitriol” (FeSO4.5H2O) - Most common, Least expensive - Common side effect: Gastric discomfort

FERROUS SULFATE

GROUP VIIIB - IRON - “Green vitriol” (FeSO4.5H2O)

FERROUS SULFATE

GROUP VIIIB - IRON - Less gastric irritation than Ferrous sulfate (ex. Sangobion)

FERROUS GLUCONATE

GROUP VIIIB - IRON - Most expensive

FERROUS FUMARATE

GROUP VIIIB - IRON - “Dialyzed iron” - Antidote: Arsenic poisoning

FERRIC HYDROXIDE

GROUP VIIIB - IRON - “Dialyzed iron”

FERRIC HYDROXIDE

GROUP VIIIB - IRON - “Mohr’s salt” - Used as an indicator in Silver(Ag) titrations

FERROUS AMMONIUM SULFATE

GROUP VIIIB - IRON - “Mohr’s salt”

FERROUS AMMONIUM SULFATE

GROUP VIIIB - IRON - “Red prussiate of Potash’’

POTASSIUM FERRICYANIDE (TIP: Ferri = Rid (Red)

GROUP VIIIB - IRON - “Yellow prussiate of potash”

POTASSIUM FERROCYANIDE (TIP: FerrO=YellOw)

GROUP VIIIB - IRON - “Turnbull’s Blue’’

FERROUS FERRICYANIDE (Fe3[Fe(CN)6]2)

GROUP VIIIB - IRON - “Prussian Blue” - Antidote: Thallium poisoning

FERRIC FERROCYANIDE (Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3)

GROUP VIIIB - ELEMENT - This element’s name Came from the German word ‘der Kobold’ =“Goblin or Gnome”

COBALT

GROUP VIIIB - ELEMENT - This element’s Properties are: 1. Pinkish white metal 2. Stimulate Hematopoiesis (hema=blood, poiesis=formation/creation) - Formation of Blood cellular components 3. Parenteral (via veins): BP lowering, capillary damage 4. Oral: omitting, and diarrhea

COBALT

GROUP VIIIB - COBALT - “Rinman’s Green” - Paint pigment

CONALTOUS OXIDE

GROUP VIIIB - COBALT - “Rinman’s Green’’

COBALTOUS OXIDE

GROUP VIIIB - COBALT - Astringent - Antiseptic powder

COBALTO-COBALTIC OXIDE

GROUP VIIIB - COBALT - Basis for invisible or sympathetic inks - Turns Blue when warmed

COBALTOUS CHLORIDE

GROUP VIIIB - ELEMENT - Alloy of Rh+ Pt = Harder, more durable than Pt alone

RHODIUM

GROUP VIIIB - ELEMENT - Heaviest, densest element

OSMIUM

GROUP VIIIB - OSMIUM - “Osmic acid” - Used for Hardening and Coloring (black) Histological specimens

OSMIUM TETROXIDE

GROUP VIIIB - OSMIUM - “Osmic Acid”

OSMIUM TETROXIDE

PICLEC: GROUP VIIIA & VIIIB Flashcards

(69 cards)