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Pigs Flashcards

1
Q

how many pigs do indoor sows rear/yr

A

26

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2
Q

what are the growing weight targets

A

30kg @ 3mo

120kg @ 5mo

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3
Q

what is the target slaughter weight now

A

80kg (4mo ish)

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4
Q

what is the difference bw enzootic and endemic

A

none - just enzootic doesn’t infer human at all

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5
Q

is there any pre-natal transfer ofAb

A

no

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6
Q

do farm animal vaccine eliminate the disease

A

no - just reduce severity of symptoms

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7
Q

what diseases are vaccinated against in sows

A
  1. Preservice:
    a. 2x dose of erysipelas
    b. Parvo 2 wks before service
    c. PRRS is the farm is +ve
    d. Lepto
    e. PCV-2 booster
  2. Post-service
    a. E coli
    b. C perfringens (with e coli too)
    c. Erysipelas booster
    d. Progressive atrophic rhinitis

boost forever after

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8
Q

what disease do you vaccinar growers against

A
  1. M hyo - from 3 do (induced CMI not Ab so MDA doesn’t affect
  2. Pcv2 - combos with M hyo
  3. E coli shiga toxin (4do)
  4. Prrs 3wo
  5. Lawsonia 3wo
  6. Glassers 5wo x 2
  7. Actin pleuropneumoniae 6wo
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9
Q

what vaccinations do we give the pregnant sow before parturition to protect the piglets (via colostrum)

A 
e coli
c perfringens
erysipelas
haeamophilus parasuis
AR
strep suis var 2
PCV2
PRRS
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10
Q

why is water admin of vaccine often a bad idea

A

if you have chlorinated the bore hole water - kills vacc

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11
Q

desc where you give IM inj in igs

A

behind ear
lat-dorsal
where the dorsal rim of the ear would be if you flattened it back

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12
Q

what are thee grade 1 - first choice abx

A

tetracycline
penicillin
aminoglycosides

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13
Q

what do lots of water medications use as a carrier and why is this a potential issue

A

sucrose

yeast might start to grow in water tanks!

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14
Q

name the main anti-coccidiostat used

A

toltrazuril

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15
Q

how much do pigs drink in a day

A

100ml/kg/d

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16
Q

generally, what is the appetite of pigs

A

weaners/grower - 2-4% BWt/d
dry sows - 1.5% BWT/d
lactating sows - 0.5-5% BWt/d

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17
Q

what is the born alive target

A

11.5/litter

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18
Q

what is the farrowing index target

A

2.4litters/yr

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19
Q

what are the main reasons for infertility/reduced fertility

A

nutrition
crap AI/service and hygiene –> cervicitis
mycotoxis
stress
seasona (august)
pigs rarely suffer from anoestrus (farmer error),

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20
Q

a good way to improve fertility is to synchronise the individuals

A

GILTS:
- give altrenogest (regiment) for 18d, then predictable oestrous 5-7d after stopped
SOWS:
- use regumate in farrowing shed to delay, oestrous 5-7d after end

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21
Q

what do GnRH analogues do

A

give after weaning to stimulate ovulation (inc FSH and LH). they will ovulate 1.5d later

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22
Q

names ome infectiou scauses of foetal death - which ones cause abortions

A 
SMEDI - no abortion
Parvo - no abortion
Aujeszkys - abortion
PRRS - +- abortion (may be born weak)
Erysipelas - abortion
Lepto - abortion
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23
Q

when is the target age and weight to mate a gilt

A

130kg @ 220do

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24
Q

how do you treat dystocia in pigs

A
  • pull around eye sockets carefully
  • oxytocin (02ml at farrwing - low dose)
  • anti-inflame/NSAIDs
  • PGs if predicting issue as these are 24hr before due date
25
what do you use to sedate and GA pigs
sedate - azaperone | GA - ketmine
26
why are uterine prolapses os scary
the uterus is held in place by the uterine arteries.. so if they go - ahhhh
27
why do piglet die
``` small a-glucosaemia - one teat has no milk starved laid on cold - no brown fat ```
28
what is MMA
mastitis, metritis, agalactia 'farrowing fever' gorging pre-farrowing, constipation, DH, poor BCS, coliform, klebsiella
29
how do you tx MMA
dex oxytocin trimethroprim sulphonamides analgesia
30
what are the viral, bacterial and parasitic causes of scour
- rotavirus - PED - PRRS - e coli - c perfringens type A, B, C - isospora suis - crypto - strongyloides
31
WHAT ARE SOM ENON-INFECTIOUS CAUSES OF SCOUR
``` - milk crap nutition crap hygiene lack of colostrum chilling fostering ```
32
why is a 1kg loss of BWt at weaning significant later on
means a loss of 10d until reches slaughter weight
33
what is the min weaning age
21d (EU) but 28d legally (UK), UK ave 20-30.....
34
why is acidified water commonly used in weaners
to get stomach pH for 4, not the 5.5 its currently at - reduce bacterial overgrowth!
35
why do weaner get so many GI disease
``` stress house change weaned diet change mixed groups colder gorge themselves dirtier ```
36
name som eddx for enteritis in weaners
``` salm e coli nutritional rotavirus PMWS ileitis and colitis PED (not in UK yet) ```
37
name the major disease of growers (not just infectious..!)
``` PRDC enteritic agents vices erysipelas lameness ```
38
where do you have to go to find ID questions
3rd year ID FC and notes!
39
growers often get scours from poor nutrition, gorgeing, restricted cereal feeds, and brachyspira and lawsonia infections. how do you treat them
lincomycin and spectinomycin
40
vices are because they are bored, right?
``` NO frustration and discontentment draughts inapprop stocking insuff food or water ```
41
what is a common cause of arthritis inn old sows
mycoplasma hysynoviae | will respond to tiamulin and lincomycin, unlike a OCD (a ddx)
42
pet pigs, partic when on small hodling, are at risk from what 2 disease of sheep and cattle
cattle - MCF | sheep - ovine herpes 2
43
name the zoonotic disease pigs can get (and spread!) - that are actually impt in UK
``` swine flu strep suis var 2 salmonella ringworm lepto hep E (if you eat raw liver....eww) e coli campylobacter jejuni crypto ```
44
pet pigs get fed stupid diets, they are often deficient in:
vitB (biotin - cracke dhooves) vit E Zn (parakeratosis) EFAs
45
how do you tx erysipelas
- vacc 2x yr | penicillin tx
46
what is the pig louse calles
hamaetopinus parasuis
47
whats a basic tx plan for septicaemis
penicillin - h. parasuis, APP, strep and staph tetraclycine - h. parasuis, pasteruella florfenical if stubborn
48
basic desc of how youd castracte boars
``` sedate accurately as azaperone (stresnil) can cause excitement! 2x incisions; twist and pull leave open abx cover and tetanus **<7do anyone can do it..* ```
49
what is a routine worming protocolq
4x yr with panacur (flubendazole) | - ascarids, trichuris, hyostrongylus, oesophagostomum, metastrongyle
50
what needle for IM injection of pig
1.5 inche; 16G
51
what needle for IM piglet
1.5inch, 21G
52
is stresnil (azaperone) and analgesic and sedative
NO just seative
53
what analgesics can be used in pigs
most NSAIDs. bute - not allowed in foodchain - but how is this monitored?
54
how do you euthanase a pig
with difficulty: - gun preferred - must pithe!
55
what causes poisoning in pigs
``` same as other spp mainly phenols anti-freeze OPs Pb warfarin phototoxicity - parsley monensine (coccidiostat) ```
56
what do you do when you suspect a Notifiable disease
report to APHA | DONT LEAVE
57
if an outbreak of diseases, during an investigation how many PME shuld you do
5 at least
58
desc basic method of PME-ing a pog
* Axilla, to flatten legs * Cut down to hip joint * Open adbo cranial lay near the diaphragm (care) * Open fully using scalpel upside down * Reflect skin * Cut around sternum at costochondral jct * Spread ribs * Cut to base of mouth
59
what is feedback feeding
feeding poo to gilts to give their babies protection against rotavirus...

LHW (13 decks)

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